Pablo O'Higgins explained

Pablo Esteban O'Higgins
Birth Name:Paul Higgins Stevenson[1]
Birth Date:1904 3, df=yes
Birth Place:Salt Lake City, Utah, United States
Nationality:Mexican, American
Field:Painting
Training:Academy of Arts, San Diego

Pablo Esteban O'Higgins (born Paul Higgins Stevenson; March 1, 1904 - July 16, 1983) was an American-Mexican artist, muralist and illustrator.

Early life and education

Born in Salt Lake City, Utah, O'Higgins was raised there and in San Diego, California. In 1922 he abandoned his first career as a pianist and entered the Academy of Arts in San Diego.

Within two years he'd become a student of Diego Rivera, assisting Rivera on his murals at the National School of Agriculture at Chapingo, and the Public Education Secretariat.[2]

Mexico and murals

Like Rivera, O'Higgins became an active member of the Mexican Communist Party. He immigrated to Mexico permanently in 1924, joined the party in 1927, and maintained his party membership until 1947. His political illustrations for the Daily Worker won him a year's study at the Academy of Art in Moscow on a Soviet Scholarship in 1933.[3]

In 1937, O'Higgins was the co-founder, with fellow artists Leopoldo Méndez and Luis Arenal, of the Taller de Gráfica Popular ("People's Graphic Workshop").[1] The Taller became inspiration to many politically active leftist artists; for example, American expressionist painter Byron Randall went on to found similar artist collectives after becoming an associate member.[4] [5] In May 1940 O'Higgins had the honor of being the only non-native Mexican artist with work included in the seminal "Twenty Centuries of Mexican Art" exhibit organized by the Museum of Modern Art.[3]

In 1961 O'Higgins was awarded honorary Mexican citizenship for "his contributions to the national arts and education".[1] One of his murals can be seen at the Abelardo L. Rodriguez Market, Mexico City.[6]

His 1945 mural for the Ship Scalers Union Hall in Seattle is installed in Kane Hall at the University of Washington in Seattle.[7] [8] The mural depicts Seattle's Ship Scalers Union's (SSU) history as a strongly anti-racist, anti-discriminatory, and progressive force in social politics.[9]

Among O'Higgins' students was the American graphic designer Bob Cato,[10] and artist and muralist Marion Greenwood.[11]

Further reading

External links

Notes and References

  1. Web site: Dictionary of Irish Latin American Biography - O'Higgins, Pablo. Murray. Edmundo. 2007-03-01. Society for Irish Latin American Studies. 8 May 2010.
  2. Rochfort, Desmond, Mexican Muralists: Orozco, Rivera Siqueiros, Chronicle Books, San Francisco, 1993
  3. Web site: Pablo O´Higgins, 1904 - 1983. Andrés Blaisten Museum. dead. https://web.archive.org/web/20061116200039/http://www.museoblaisten.com/english.asp?myURL=%2F02asp%2Fenglish%2FartistDetailEnglish%2Easp&myVars=artistId%3D140. 16 November 2006. 8 May 2010.
  4. Makin, Jean, ed. (1999). Codex Mendez. Tempe: Arizona State U. See also Prignitz, Helga (1992). El Taller de Gráfica Popular en México 1937–1977. Mexico: Instituto Nacional de Bellas Artes.
  5. Vogel, Susan (2010). Becoming Pablo O’Higgins. San Francisco/Salt Lake City: Pince-Nez Press.
  6. News: Remodelan el histórico mercado Abelardo L. Rodríguez como parte del rescate del Centro. Gomez Florez. Laura. 2008-05-19. June 3, 2009. La Jornada. Mexico City. es.
  7. Web site: The Chicano Movement in Washington State 1967-2006 Part 2- Chicano Cultural Awakening. University of Washington. Oscar Rosales Castañeda.
  8. Recobrando / Recovering The Struggle against Racial Discrimination: The Journey of the Pablo O'Higgins Mural for Seattle Ship Scalers Union. Labor: Studies in Working-Class History of the Americas. 2011. 8. 4. 7–40. 10.1215/15476715-1375294. Gigi Peterson. The Struggle against Racial Discrimination moved from the basement of Kane Hall to its second floor, which it dominates. (p. 40).
  9. Web site: Farley. Adam. The Ship Scalers Union and Seattle's Racial Progressivism in the 20th Century. 12 March 2015.
  10. News: Bob Cato, 75, Designer of Covers for Albums. The New York Times. 20 March 1999.
  11. Web site: The Great Women of Muralism in Mexico. 2020-01-04. Mexicanist.com. en. 2020-01-10.

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