PTPN9 explained

Tyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 9 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the PTPN9 gene.^{[1] [2]}

Function

The protein encoded by this gene is a member of the protein tyrosine phosphatase (PTP) family. PTPs are known to be signaling molecules that regulate a variety of cellular processes including cell growth, differentiation, mitotic cycle, and oncogenic transformation. This PTP contains an N-terminal domain that shares a significant similarity with yeast SEC14, which is a protein that has phosphatidylinositol transfer activity and is required for protein secretion through the Golgi complex in yeast. This PTP was found to be activated by poly-phosphoinositide, and is thought to be involved in signaling events regulating phagocytosis.

Further reading

• Kruger JM, Fukushima T, Cherepanov V, etal . Protein-tyrosine phosphatase MEG2 is expressed by human neutrophils. Localization to the phagosome and activation by polyphosphoinositides . J. Biol. Chem. . 277 . 4 . 2620–8 . 2002 . 11711529 . 10.1074/jbc.M104550200 . free .
• Qi Y, Zhao R, Cao H, etal . Purification and characterization of protein tyrosine phosphatase PTP-MEG2 . J. Cell. Biochem. . 86 . 1 . 79–89 . 2002 . 12112018 . 10.1002/jcb.10195 . 42894613 .
• Strausberg RL, Feingold EA, Grouse LH, etal . Generation and initial analysis of more than 15,000 full-length human and mouse cDNA sequences . Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. . 99 . 26 . 16899–903 . 2003 . 12477932 . 10.1073/pnas.242603899 . 139241 . 2002PNAS...9916899M . free .
• Pasquali C, Curchod ML, Wälchli S, etal . Identification of protein tyrosine phosphatases with specificity for the ligand-activated growth hormone receptor . Mol. Endocrinol. . 17 . 11 . 2228–39 . 2004 . 12907755 . 10.1210/me.2003-0011 . free .
• Xu MJ, Sui X, Zhao R, etal . PTP-MEG2 is activated in polycythemia vera erythroid progenitor cells and is required for growth and expansion of erythroid cells . Blood . 102 . 13 . 4354–60 . 2004 . 12920026 . 10.1182/blood-2003-04-1308 . free .
• Huynh H, Wang X, Li W, etal . Homotypic secretory vesicle fusion induced by the protein tyrosine phosphatase MEG2 depends on polyphosphoinositides in T cells . J. Immunol. . 171 . 12 . 6661–71 . 2004 . 14662869 . 10.4049/jimmunol.171.12.6661. free .
• Huynh H, Bottini N, Williams S, etal . Control of vesicle fusion by a tyrosine phosphatase . Nat. Cell Biol. . 6 . 9 . 831–9 . 2004 . 15322554 . 10.1038/ncb1164 . 25311826 .
• Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA, etal . The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC) . Genome Res. . 14 . 10B . 2121–7 . 2004 . 15489334 . 10.1101/gr.2596504 . 528928 .
• Rual JF, Venkatesan K, Hao T, etal . Towards a proteome-scale map of the human protein-protein interaction network . Nature . 437 . 7062 . 1173–8 . 2005 . 16189514 . 10.1038/nature04209 . 2005Natur.437.1173R . 4427026 .
• Cho CY, Koo SH, Wang Y, etal . Identification of the tyrosine phosphatase PTP-MEG2 as an antagonist of hepatic insulin signaling . Cell Metab. . 3 . 5 . 367–78 . 2007 . 16679294 . 10.1016/j.cmet.2006.03.006 . free .
• Saito K, Williams S, Bulankina A, etal . Association of protein-tyrosine phosphatase MEG2 via its Sec14p homology domain with vesicle-trafficking proteins . J. Biol. Chem. . 282 . 20 . 15170–8 . 2007 . 17387180 . 10.1074/jbc.M608682200 . free .

External links

• PDBe-KB provides an overview of all the structure information available in the PDB for Human Tyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 9 (PTPN9)

Notes and References

1. Gu M, Warshawsky I, Majerus PW . Cloning and expression of a cytosolic megakaryocyte protein-tyrosine-phosphatase with sequence homology to retinaldehyde-binding protein and yeast SEC14p . Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A . 89 . 7 . 2980–4 . May 1992 . 1557404 . 48787 . 10.1073/pnas.89.7.2980 . 1992PNAS...89.2980G . free .
2. Web site: Entrez Gene: PTPN9 protein tyrosine phosphatase, non-receptor type 9.