PRND explained

Prion protein 2 (dublet), also known as PRND, or Doppel protein, is a protein which in humans is encoded by the PRND gene.^[1]

Function

This gene is found on chromosome 20, approximately 20 kbp downstream of the gene encoding cellular prion protein, to which it is biochemically and structurally similar. The protein encoded by this gene is a membrane glycosylphosphatidylinositol-anchored glycoprotein that is found predominantly in testis. Mutations in this gene may lead to neurological disorders.^[1]

Further reading

• Moore RC, Lee IY, Silverman GL, etal . Ataxia in prion protein (PrP)-deficient mice is associated with upregulation of the novel PrP-like protein doppel. . J. Mol. Biol. . 292 . 4 . 797–817 . 1999 . 10525406 . 10.1006/jmbi.1999.3108 .
• Weissmann C, Aguzzi A . Perspectives: neurobiology. PrP's double causes trouble. . Science . 286 . 5441 . 914–5 . 1999 . 10577243 . 10.1126/science.286.5441.914 . 82058626 .
• Peoc'h K, Guérin C, Brandel JP, etal . First report of polymorphisms in the prion-like protein gene (PRND): implications for human prion diseases. . Neurosci. Lett. . 286 . 2 . 144–8 . 2000 . 10825657 . 10.1016/S0304-3940(00)01100-9 . 34958840 .
• Lu K, Wang W, Xie Z, etal . Expression and structural characterization of the recombinant human doppel protein. . Biochemistry . 39 . 44 . 13575–83 . 2000 . 11063595 . 10.1021/bi001523m .
• Schröder B, Franz B, Hempfling P, etal . Polymorphisms within the prion-like protein gene (Prnd) and their implications in human prion diseases, Alzheimer's disease and other neurological disorders. . Hum. Genet. . 109 . 3 . 319–25 . 2001 . 11702213 . 10.1007/s004390100591 . 12262729 .
• Moore RC, Mastrangelo P, Bouzamondo E, etal . Doppel-induced cerebellar degeneration in transgenic mice. . Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. . 98 . 26 . 15288–93 . 2002 . 11734625 . 10.1073/pnas.251550798 . 65022 . free .
• Deloukas P, Matthews LH, Ashurst J, etal . The DNA sequence and comparative analysis of human chromosome 20. . Nature . 414 . 6866 . 865–71 . 2002 . 11780052 . 10.1038/414865a . 2001Natur.414..865D . free .
• Peoc'h K, Serres C, Frobert Y, etal . The human "prion-like" protein Doppel is expressed in both Sertoli cells and spermatozoa. . J. Biol. Chem. . 277 . 45 . 43071–8 . 2003 . 12200435 . 10.1074/jbc.M206357200 . free .
• Infante J, Llorca J, Rodero L, etal . Polymorphism at codon 174 of the prion-like protein gene is not associated with sporadic Alzheimer's disease. . Neurosci. Lett. . 332 . 3 . 213–5 . 2003 . 12399017 . 10.1016/S0304-3940(02)00941-2 . 20222941 .
• Strausberg RL, Feingold EA, Grouse LH, etal . Generation and initial analysis of more than 15,000 full-length human and mouse cDNA sequences. . Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. . 99 . 26 . 16899–903 . 2003 . 12477932 . 10.1073/pnas.242603899 . 139241 . 2002PNAS...9916899M . free .
• Makrinou E, Collinge J, Antoniou M . Genomic characterization of the human prion protein (PrP) gene locus. . Mamm. Genome . 13 . 12 . 696–703 . 2003 . 12514748 . 10.1007/s00335-002-3043-0 . 7755848 .
• Peoc'h K, Volland H, De Gassart A, etal . Prion-like protein Doppel expression is not modified in scrapie-infected cells and in the brains of patients with Creutzfeldt–Jakob disease. . FEBS Lett. . 536 . 1–3 . 61–5 . 2003 . 12586339 . 10.1016/S0014-5793(03)00012-7 . 40318359 .
• Lührs T, Riek R, Güntert P, Wüthrich K . NMR structure of the human doppel protein . J. Mol. Biol. . 326 . 5 . 1549–57 . 2003 . 12595265 . 10.1016/S0022-2836(02)01471-7 . 10.1.1.324.7443 .
• Clark HF, Gurney AL, Abaya E, etal . The secreted protein discovery initiative (SPDI), a large-scale effort to identify novel human secreted and transmembrane proteins: a bioinformatics assessment . Genome Res. . 13 . 10 . 2265–70 . 2003 . 12975309 . 10.1101/gr.1293003 . 403697 .
• Hundt C, Weiss S . The prion-like protein Doppel fails to interact with itself, the prion protein and the 37 kDa/67 kDa laminin receptor in the yeast two-hybrid system . Biochim. Biophys. Acta . 1689 . 1 . 1–5 . 2004 . 15158907 . 10.1016/j.bbadis.2004.02.003 . free .
• Massimino ML, Ballarin C, Bertoli A, etal . Human Doppel and prion protein share common membrane microdomains and internalization pathways . Int. J. Biochem. Cell Biol. . 36 . 10 . 2016–31 . 2005 . 15203115 . 10.1016/j.biocel.2004.03.002 .
• Yin SM, Sy MS, Yang HY, Tien P . Interaction of Doppel with the full-length laminin receptor precursor protein . Arch. Biochem. Biophys. . 428 . 2 . 165–9 . 2004 . 15246873 . 10.1016/j.abb.2004.06.003 .
• Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA, etal . The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC) . Genome Res. . 14 . 10B . 2121–7 . 2004 . 15489334 . 10.1101/gr.2596504 . 528928 .
• Serres C, Peoc'h K, Courtot AM, etal . Spatio-developmental distribution of the prion-like protein doppel in Mammalian testis: a comparative analysis focusing on its presence in the acrosome of spermatids . Biol. Reprod. . 74 . 5 . 816–23 . 2006 . 16421231 . 10.1095/biolreprod.105.047829 . 40554096 .
• Azzalin A, Del Vecchio I, Ferretti L, Comincini S . The prion-like protein Doppel (Dpl) interacts with the human receptor for activated C-kinase 1 (RACK1) protein . Anticancer Res. . 26 . 6B . 4539–47 . 2007 . 17201176 .

Notes and References

1. Web site: Entrez Gene: PRND prion protein 2 (dublet).