PRKCG explained

Protein kinase C gamma type is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the PRKCG gene.^{[1] [2]}

Protein kinase C (PKC) is a family of serine- and threonine-specific protein kinases that can be activated by calcium and second messenger diacylglycerol. PKC family members phosphorylate a wide variety of protein targets and are known to be involved in diverse cellular signaling pathways. PKC also serve as major receptors for phorbol esters, a class of tumor promoters. Each member of the PKC family has a specific expression profile and is believed to play distinct roles in cells. The protein encoded by this gene is one of the PKC family members. This protein kinase is expressed solely in the brain and spinal cord and its localization is restricted to neurons. It has been demonstrated that several neuronal functions, including long term potentiation (LTP) and long term depression (LTD), specifically require this kinase. Knockout studies in mice also suggest that this kinase may be involved in neuropathic pain development. Defects in this protein have been associated with neurodegenerative disorder spinocerebellar ataxia-14 (SCA14).^[3]

Interactions

PRKCG has been shown to interact with GRIA4.^[4]

See also

• Protein kinase C

Further reading

• Ali A, Hoeflich KP, Woodgett JR . Glycogen synthase kinase-3: properties, functions, and regulation. . Chem. Rev. . 101 . 8 . 2527–40 . 2002 . 11749387 . 10.1021/cr000110o .
• Slater SJ, Ho C, Stubbs CD . The use of fluorescent phorbol esters in studies of protein kinase C-membrane interactions. . Chem. Phys. Lipids . 116 . 1–2 . 75–91 . 2003 . 12093536 . 10.1016/S0009-3084(02)00021-X .
• Saito N, Shirai Y . Protein kinase C gamma (PKC gamma): function of neuron specific isotype . J. Biochem. . 132 . 5 . 683–7 . 2003 . 12417016 . 10.1093/oxfordjournals.jbchem.a003274.

External links

• GeneReviews/NCBI/NIH/UW entry on Spinocerebellar Ataxia Type 14

Notes and References

1. Trask B, Fertitta A, Christensen M, Youngblom J, Bergmann A, Copeland A, de Jong P, Mohrenweiser H, Olsen A, Carrano A . Fluorescence in situ hybridization mapping of human chromosome 19: cytogenetic band location of 540 cosmids and 70 genes or DNA markers . Genomics . 15 . 1 . 133–45 . Mar 1993 . 8432525 . 10.1006/geno.1993.1021 . etal.
2. Coussens L, Parker PJ, Rhee L, Yang-Feng TL, Chen E, Waterfield MD, Francke U, Ullrich A . Multiple, distinct forms of bovine and human protein kinase C suggest diversity in cellular signaling pathways . Science . 233 . 4766 . 859–66 . Sep 1986 . 3755548 . 10.1126/science.3755548 . 1986Sci...233..859C .
3. Web site: Entrez Gene: PRKCG protein kinase C, gamma.
4. Correia . Susana Santos . Duarte Carlos Bandeira . Faro Carlos José . Pires Euclides Vieira . Carvalho Ana Luísa . Feb 2003 . Protein kinase C gamma associates directly with the GluR4 alpha-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazole propionate receptor subunit. Effect on receptor phosphorylation . J. Biol. Chem. . 278 . 8 . 6307–13 . United States. 0021-9258. 12471040 . 10.1074/jbc.M205587200 . free . 10316/12633 . free .