PRDM2 explained

PR domain zinc finger protein 2 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the PRDM2 gene.^{[1] [2]}

Function

This tumor suppressor gene is a member of a nuclear histone/protein methyltransferase superfamily. It encodes a zinc finger protein that can bind to retinoblastoma protein, estrogen receptor, and the TPA-responsive element (MTE) of the heme-oxygenase-1 gene. Although the functions of this protein have not been fully characterized, it may (1) play a role in transcriptional regulation during neuronal differentiation and pathogenesis of retinoblastoma, (2) act as a transcriptional activator of the heme-oxygenase-1 gene, and (3) be a specific effector of estrogen action. Three transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been found for this gene.^[2]

Interactions

PRDM2 has been shown to interact with Estrogen receptor alpha^[3] and Retinoblastoma protein.

Further reading

• Shapiro VS, Lee P, Winoto A . Identification and cloning of the G3B cDNA encoding a 3' segment of a protein binding to GATA-3 . Gene . 163 . 2 . 329–30 . Oct 1995 . 7590293 . 10.1016/0378-1119(95)00420-B .
• Muraosa Y, Takahashi K, Yoshizawa M, Shibahara S . cDNA cloning of a novel protein containing two zinc-finger domains that may function as a transcription factor for the human heme-oxygenase-1 gene . European Journal of Biochemistry . 235 . 3 . 471–9 . Feb 1996 . 8654390 . 10.1111/j.1432-1033.1996.00471.x .
• Buyse IM, Takahashi EI, Huang S . Physical mapping of the retinoblastoma interacting zinc finger gene RIZ to D1S228 on chromosome 1p36 . Genomics . 34 . 1 . 119–21 . May 1996 . 8661032 . 10.1006/geno.1996.0249 .
• Liu L, Shao G, Steele-Perkins G, Huang S . The retinoblastoma interacting zinc finger gene RIZ produces a PR domain-lacking product through an internal promoter . The Journal of Biological Chemistry . 272 . 5 . 2984–91 . Jan 1997 . 9006946 . 10.1074/jbc.272.5.2984 . free .
• Xie M, Shao G, Buyse IM, Huang S . Transcriptional repression mediated by the PR domain zinc finger gene RIZ . The Journal of Biological Chemistry . 272 . 42 . 26360–6 . Oct 1997 . 9334209 . 10.1074/jbc.272.42.26360 . free .
• He L, Yu JX, Liu L, Buyse IM, Wang MS, Yang QC, Nakagawara A, Brodeur GM, Shi YE, Huang S . RIZ1, but not the alternative RIZ2 product of the same gene, is underexpressed in breast cancer, and forced RIZ1 expression causes G2-M cell cycle arrest and/or apoptosis . Cancer Research . 58 . 19 . 4238–44 . Oct 1998 . 9766644 .
• Abbondanza C, Medici N, Nigro V, Rossi V, Gallo L, Piluso G, Belsito A, Roscigno A, Bontempo P, Puca AA, Molinari AM, Moncharmont B, Puca GA . The retinoblastoma-interacting zinc-finger protein RIZ is a downstream effector of estrogen action . Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America . 97 . 7 . 3130–5 . Mar 2000 . 10706618 . 16204 . 10.1073/pnas.050015697 . free .
• Dias Neto E, Correa RG, Verjovski-Almeida S, Briones MR, Nagai MA, da Silva W, Zago MA, Bordin S, Costa FF, Goldman GH, Carvalho AF, Matsukuma A, Baia GS, Simpson DH, Brunstein A, de Oliveira PS, Bucher P, Jongeneel CV, O'Hare MJ, Soares F, Brentani RR, Reis LF, de Souza SJ, Simpson AJ . Shotgun sequencing of the human transcriptome with ORF expressed sequence tags . Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America . 97 . 7 . 3491–6 . Mar 2000 . 10737800 . 16267 . 10.1073/pnas.97.7.3491 . 2000PNAS...97.3491D . free .
• Du Y, Carling T, Fang W, Piao Z, Sheu JC, Huang S . Hypermethylation in human cancers of the RIZ1 tumor suppressor gene, a member of a histone/protein methyltransferase superfamily . Cancer Research . 61 . 22 . 8094–9 . Nov 2001 . 11719434 .
• Sasaki O, Meguro K, Tohmiya Y, Funato T, Shibahara S, Sasaki T . Nucleotide alteration of retinoblastoma protein-interacting zinc finger gene, RIZ, in human leukemia . The Tohoku Journal of Experimental Medicine . 196 . 3 . 193–201 . Mar 2002 . 12002276 . 10.1620/tjem.196.193 . free .
• Poetsch M, Dittberner T, Woenckhaus C . Frameshift mutations of RIZ, but no point mutations in RIZ1 exons in malignant melanomas with deletions in 1p36 . Oncogene . 21 . 19 . 3038–42 . May 2002 . 12082534 . 10.1038/sj.onc.1205457 . 37956595 .
• Sasaki O, Meguro K, Tohmiya Y, Funato T, Shibahara S, Sasaki T . Altered expression of retinoblastoma protein-interacting zinc finger gene, RIZ, in human leukaemia . British Journal of Haematology . 119 . 4 . 940–8 . Dec 2002 . 12472571 . 10.1046/j.1365-2141.2002.03972.x . 21560813 . free .
• Tokumaru Y, Nomoto S, Jerónimo C, Henrique R, Harden S, Trink B, Sidransky D . Biallelic inactivation of the RIZ1 gene in human gastric cancer . Oncogene . 22 . 44 . 6954–8 . Oct 2003 . 14534544 . 10.1038/sj.onc.1206403 . 20152972 .
• Kim KC, Geng L, Huang S . Inactivation of a histone methyltransferase by mutations in human cancers . Cancer Research . 63 . 22 . 7619–23 . Nov 2003 . 14633678 .
• Beausoleil SA, Jedrychowski M, Schwartz D, Elias JE, Villén J, Li J, Cohn MA, Cantley LC, Gygi SP . Large-scale characterization of HeLa cell nuclear phosphoproteins . Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America . 101 . 33 . 12130–5 . Aug 2004 . 15302935 . 514446 . 10.1073/pnas.0404720101 . 2004PNAS..10112130B . free .
• Pan KF, Lu YY, Liu WG, Zhang L, You WC . Detection of frameshift mutations of RIZ in gastric cancers with microsatellite instability . World Journal of Gastroenterology . 10 . 18 . 2719–22 . Sep 2004 . 15309726 . 10.3748/wjg.v10.i18.2719. 4572200 . free .
• Rossi M, Abbondanza C, D'Arcangelo A, Gazzerro P, Medici N, Moncharmont B, Puca GA . The Zn-finger domain of RIZ protein promotes MCF-7 cell proliferation . Cancer Letters . 215 . 2 . 229–37 . Nov 2004 . 15488642 . 10.1016/j.canlet.2004.05.014 .
• Grundberg E, Carling T, Brändström H, Huang S, Ribom EL, Ljunggren O, Mallmin H, Kindmark A . A deletion polymorphism in the RIZ gene, a female sex steroid hormone receptor coactivator, exhibits decreased response to estrogen in vitro and associates with low bone mineral density in young Swedish women . The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism . 89 . 12 . 6173–8 . Dec 2004 . 15579774 . 10.1210/jc.2004-0403 . free .

Notes and References

1. Buyse IM, Shao G, Huang S . The retinoblastoma protein binds to RIZ, a zinc-finger protein that shares an epitope with the adenovirus E1A protein . Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America . 92 . 10 . 4467–71 . May 1995 . 7538672 . 41965 . 10.1073/pnas.92.10.4467 . 1995PNAS...92.4467B . free .
2. Web site: Entrez Gene: PRDM2 PR domain containing 2, with ZNF domain.
3. Abbondanza C, Medici N, Nigro V, Rossi V, Gallo L, Piluso G, Belsito A, Roscigno A, Bontempo P, Puca AA, Molinari AM, Moncharmont B, Puca GA . The retinoblastoma-interacting zinc-finger protein RIZ is a downstream effector of estrogen action . Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America . 97 . 7 . 3130–5 . Mar 2000 . 10706618 . 16204 . 10.1073/pnas.050015697 . free .