PPT2 explained

Lysosomal thioesterase PPT2 (PPT-2), also known as S-thioesterase G14, is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the PPT2 gene.^{[1] [2] [3]}

Function

This gene encodes a member of the palmitoyl protein thioesterase family. The encoded glycosylated lysosomal protein has palmitoyl-CoA hydrolase activity in vitro, but does not hydrolyze palmitate from cysteine residues in proteins.^[1]

Further reading

• Gupta P, Soyombo AA, Atashband A. etal . Disruption of PPT1 or PPT2 causes neuronal ceroid lipofuscinosis in knockout mice . Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. . 98 . 24 . 13566–71 . 2001 . 11717424 . 61081 . 10.1073/pnas.251485198 . 2001PNAS...9813566G . free .
• Aguado B, Campbell RD . Characterization of a human MHC class III region gene product with S-thioesterase activity . Biochem. J. . 341 (Pt 3) . Pt 3. 679–89 . 1999 . 10417332 . 1220406 . 10.1042/bj3410679.
• Simpson JC, Wellenreuther R, Poustka A. etal . Systematic subcellular localization of novel proteins identified by large-scale cDNA sequencing . EMBO Rep. . 1 . 3 . 287–92 . 2000 . 11256614 . 1083732 . 10.1093/embo-reports/kvd058 .
• Hancock DB, Eijgelsheim M, Wilk JB. etal . Meta-analyses of genome-wide association studies identify multiple novel loci associated with pulmonary function . Nat. Genet. . 42 . 1 . 45–52 . 2010 . 20010835 . 2832852 . 10.1038/ng.500 .
• Wiemann S, Weil B, Wellenreuther R. etal . Toward a Catalog of Human Genes and Proteins: Sequencing and Analysis of 500 Novel Complete Protein Coding Human cDNAs . Genome Res. . 11 . 3 . 422–35 . 2001 . 11230166 . 311072 . 10.1101/gr.GR1547R .
• Calero G, Gupta P, Nonato MC . etal . The crystal structure of palmitoyl protein thioesterase-2 (PPT2) reveals the basis for divergent substrate specificities of the two lysosomal thioesterases, PPT1 and PPT2 . J. Biol. Chem. . 278 . 39 . 37957–64 . 2003 . 12855696 . 10.1074/jbc.M301225200 . free .
• Mungall AJ, Palmer SA, Sims SK . etal . The DNA sequence and analysis of human chromosome 6 . Nature . 425 . 6960 . 805–11 . 2003 . 14574404 . 10.1038/nature02055 . 2003Natur.425..805M . free .
• Barcellos LF, May SL, Ramsay PP . etal . High-Density SNP Screening of the Major Histocompatibility Complex in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Demonstrates Strong Evidence for Independent Susceptibility Regions . PLOS Genet. . 5 . 10 . e1000696 . 2009 . 19851445 . 2758598 . 10.1371/journal.pgen.1000696 . Roopenian . Derry C. . free .
• McKinnon E, Morahan G, Nolan D . etal . Association of MHC SNP genotype with susceptibility to type 1 diabetes: a modified survival approach . Diabetes Obes Metab . 11 . Suppl 1. 92–100 . 2009 . 19143821 . 2755510 . 10.1111/j.1463-1326.2008.01009.x .
• Mehrle A, Rosenfelder H, Schupp I . etal . The LIFEdb database in 2006 . Nucleic Acids Res. . 34 . Database issue . D415–8 . 2006 . 16381901 . 1347501 . 10.1093/nar/gkj139 .
• Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA . etal . The Status, Quality, and Expansion of the NIH Full-Length cDNA Project: The Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC) . Genome Res. . 14 . 10B . 2121–7 . 2004 . 15489334 . 528928 . 10.1101/gr.2596504 .
• Xie T, Rowen L, Aguado B . etal . Analysis of the Gene-Dense Major Histocompatibility Complex Class III Region and Its Comparison to Mouse . Genome Res. . 13 . 12 . 2621–36 . 2003 . 14656967 . 403804 . 10.1101/gr.1736803 .
• Hartley JL, Temple GF, Brasch MA . DNA Cloning Using In Vitro Site-Specific Recombination . Genome Res. . 10 . 11 . 1788–95 . 2000 . 11076863 . 310948 . 10.1101/gr.143000 .
• Clark HF, Gurney AL, Abaya E . etal . The Secreted Protein Discovery Initiative (SPDI), a Large-Scale Effort to Identify Novel Human Secreted and Transmembrane Proteins: A Bioinformatics Assessment . Genome Res. . 13 . 10 . 2265–70 . 2003 . 12975309 . 403697 . 10.1101/gr.1293003 .
• Strausberg RL, Feingold EA, Grouse LH . etal . Generation and initial analysis of more than 15,000 full-length human and mouse cDNA sequences . Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. . 99 . 26 . 16899–903 . 2002 . 12477932 . 139241 . 10.1073/pnas.242603899 . 2002PNAS...9916899M . free .
• Wiemann S, Arlt D, Huber W . etal . From ORFeome to Biology: A Functional Genomics Pipeline . Genome Res. . 14 . 10B . 2136–44 . 2004 . 15489336 . 528930 . 10.1101/gr.2576704 .
• Hillman RT, Green RE, Brenner SE . An unappreciated role for RNA surveillance . Genome Biol. . 5 . 2 . R8 . 2004 . 14759258 . 395752 . 10.1186/gb-2004-5-2-r8 . free .

Notes and References

1. Web site: Entrez Gene: palmitoyl-protein thioesterase 2.
2. Soyombo AA, Hofmann SL . Molecular cloning and expression of palmitoyl-protein thioesterase 2 (PPT2), a homolog of lysosomal palmitoyl-protein thioesterase with a distinct substrate specificity . J. Biol. Chem. . 272 . 43 . 27456–63 . October 1997 . 9341199 . 10.1074/jbc.272.43.27456. free .
3. Soyombo AA, Yi W, Hofmann SL . Structure of the human palmitoyl-protein thioesterase-2 gene (PPT2) in the major histocompatibility complex on chromosome 6p21.3 . Genomics . 56 . 2 . 208–16 . March 1999 . 10051407 . 10.1006/geno.1998.5703 .