PPP1R12B explained

Protein phosphatase 1 regulatory subunit 12B is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the PPP1R12B gene.^{[1] [2]}

Myosin light chain phosphatase (MLCP) consists of three subunits- catalytic subunit, large subunit/myosin binding subunit (MBS) and small subunit (sm-M20). This gene is a multi-functional gene which encodes both MBS and sm-M20. MLCP regulates myosins and the dephosphorylation is enhanced by the presence of MBS. The sm-M20 is suggested to play a regulatory role in muscle contraction by binding to MBS. MBS is also encoded by another gene, myosin light chain phosphatase target subunit 1. sm-M20 shows higher binding affinity to this gene product than to myosin light chain phosphatase target subunit 2-MBS even though the two MBS proteins are highly similar. Although both MBSs increase the activity of MLCP, myosin light chain phosphatase target subunit 1-MBS is a more efficient activator. There are four alternatively spliced transcript variants described; two alter the MBS coding region and two alter the sm-M20 coding region of this gene.^[2]

Interactions

PPP1R12B has been shown to interact with Interleukin 16.^[3]

Further reading

• Somlyo AP, Wu X, Walker LA, Somlyo AV . Pharmacomechanical coupling: the role of calcium, G-proteins, kinases and phosphatases. . Rev. Physiol. Biochem. Pharmacol. . 134 . 201–34 . 1999 . 10087910 . 10.1007/3-540-64753-8_5. 978-3-540-64753-9 .
• Seki N . Characterization of cDNA clones in size-fractionated cDNA libraries from human brain . DNA Res. . 4 . 5 . 345–9 . 1998 . 9455484 . 10.1093/dnares/4.5.345 . vanc. Ohira M . Nagase T . 3 . Ishikawa . K . Miyajima . N . Nakajima . D . Nomura . N . Ohara . O . free .
• Moorhead G, Johnson D, Morrice N, Cohen P . The major myosin phosphatase in skeletal muscle is a complex between the beta-isoform of protein phosphatase 1 and the MYPT2 gene product . FEBS Lett. . 438 . 3 . 141–4 . 1998 . 9827534 . 10.1016/S0014-5793(98)01276-9 . 35052936 . free .
• Somlyo AP . Kinases, myosin phosphatase and Rho proteins: curiouser and curiouser . J. Physiol. . 516 . 3. 630 . 1999 . 10200412 . 10.1111/j.1469-7793.1999.0630u.x . 2269296 .
• Arimura T . Identification, characterization, and functional analysis of heart-specific myosin light chain phosphatase small subunit . J. Biol. Chem. . 276 . 9 . 6073–82 . 2001 . 11067852 . 10.1074/jbc.M008566200 . vanc. Suematsu N . Zhou YB . 3 . Nishimura . J . Satoh . S . Takeshita . A . Kanaide . H . Kimura . A . free .
• Strausberg RL . Generation and initial analysis of more than 15,000 full-length human and mouse cDNA sequences . Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. . 99 . 26 . 16899–903 . 2003 . 12477932 . 10.1073/pnas.242603899 . 139241 . vanc. Feingold EA . Grouse LH . 3 . Derge . JG . Klausner . RD . Collins . FS . Wagner . L . Shenmen . CM . Schuler . GD . 2002PNAS...9916899M. free .
• Bannert N . PDZ Domain-mediated interaction of interleukin-16 precursor proteins with myosin phosphatase targeting subunits . J. Biol. Chem. . 278 . 43 . 42190–9 . 2004 . 12923170 . 10.1074/jbc.M306669200 . vanc. Vollhardt K . Asomuddinov B . 3 . Haag . M . König . H . Norley . S . Kurth . R . free .
• Gerhard DS . The Status, Quality, and Expansion of the NIH Full-Length cDNA Project: The Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC) . Genome Res. . 14 . 10B . 2121–7 . 2004 . 15489334 . 10.1101/gr.2596504 . 528928 . vanc. Wagner L . Feingold EA . 3 . Shenmen . CM . Grouse . LH . Schuler . G . Klein . SL . Old . S . Rasooly . R .
• Rual JF . Towards a proteome-scale map of the human protein-protein interaction network . Nature . 437 . 7062 . 1173–8 . 2005 . 16189514 . 10.1038/nature04209 . vanc. Venkatesan K . Hao T . 3 . Hirozane-Kishikawa . Tomoko . Dricot . Amélie . Li . Ning . Berriz . Gabriel F. . Gibbons . Francis D. . Dreze . Matija . 2005Natur.437.1173R. 4427026 .
• Okamoto R . Characterization and function of MYPT2, a target subunit of myosin phosphatase in heart . Cell. Signal. . 18 . 9 . 1408–16 . 2007 . 16431080 . 10.1016/j.cellsig.2005.11.001 . vanc. Kato T . Mizoguchi A . 3 . Takahashi . N . Nakakuki . T . Mizutani . H . Isaka . N . Imanakayoshida . K . Kaibuchi . K .
• Gregory SG . The DNA sequence and biological annotation of human chromosome 1 . Nature . 441 . 7091 . 315–21 . 2006 . 16710414 . 10.1038/nature04727 . vanc. Barlow KF . McLay KE . 3 . Kaul . R. . Swarbreck . D. . Dunham . A. . Scott . C. E. . Howe . K. L. . Woodfine . K. . 2006Natur.441..315G. free .

Notes and References

1. Fujioka M, Takahashi N, Odai H, Araki S, Ichikawa K, Feng J, Nakamura M, Kaibuchi K, Hartshorne DJ, Nakano T, Ito M . A new isoform of human myosin phosphatase targeting/regulatory subunit (MYPT2): cDNA cloning, tissue expression, and chromosomal mapping . Genomics . 49 . 1 . 59–68 . Jun 1998 . 9570949 . 10.1006/geno.1998.5222 .
2. Web site: Entrez Gene: PPP1R12B protein phosphatase 1, regulatory (inhibitor) subunit 12B.
3. Bannert . Norbert . Vollhardt Karin . Asomuddinov Bakhtier . Haag Marion . König Herbert . Norley Stephen . Kurth Reinhard . Oct 2003 . PDZ Domain-mediated interaction of interleukin-16 precursor proteins with myosin phosphatase targeting subunits . J. Biol. Chem. . 278 . 43 . 42190–9 . United States. 0021-9258. 12923170 . 10.1074/jbc.M306669200 . free .