PPM1G explained

Protein phosphatase 1G is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the PPM1G gene.^{[1] [2]}

The protein encoded by this gene is a member of the PP2C family of Ser/Thr protein phosphatases. PP2C family members are known to be negative regulators of cell stress response pathways. This phosphatase is found to be responsible for the dephosphorylation of Pre-mRNA splicing factors, which is important for the formation of functional spliceosome. Studies of a similar gene in mice suggested a role of this phosphatase in regulating cell cycle progression. Alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding the same protein have been described.

Further reading

• Guthridge MA, Bellosta P, Tavoloni N, Basilico C . FIN13, a novel growth factor-inducible serine-threonine phosphatase which can inhibit cell cycle progression . Mol. Cell. Biol. . 17 . 9 . 5485–98 . 1997 . 9271424 . 10.1128/mcb.17.9.5485. 232397 .
• Murray MV, Kobayashi R, Krainer AR . The type 2C Ser/Thr phosphatase PP2Cgamma is a pre-mRNA splicing factor . Genes Dev. . 13 . 1 . 87–97 . 1999 . 9887102 . 10.1101/gad.13.1.87 . 316367 .
• Strausberg RL . Generation and initial analysis of more than 15,000 full-length human and mouse cDNA sequences . Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. . 99 . 26 . 16899–903 . 2003 . 12477932 . 10.1073/pnas.242603899 . 139241 . vanc. Feingold EA . Grouse LH . 3 . Derge . JG . Klausner . RD . Collins . FS . Wagner . L . Shenmen . CM . Schuler . GD . 2002PNAS...9916899M . free .
• Flajolet M . Protein phosphatase 2C binds selectively to and dephosphorylates metabotropic glutamate receptor 3 . Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. . 100 . 26 . 16006–11 . 2004 . 14663150 . 10.1073/pnas.2136600100 . 307683 . vanc. Rakhilin S . Wang H . 3 . Starkova . N . Nuangchamnong . N . Nairn . AC . Greengard . P . free .
• Gerhard DS . The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC) . Genome Res. . 14 . 10B . 2121–7 . 2004 . 15489334 . 10.1101/gr.2596504 . 528928 . vanc. Wagner L . Feingold EA . 3 . Shenmen . CM . Grouse . LH . Schuler . G . Klein . SL . Old . S . Rasooly . R .
• Maynes JT . Crystal structures of protein phosphatase-1 bound to motuporin and dihydromicrocystin-LA: elucidation of the mechanism of enzyme inhibition by cyanobacterial toxins . J. Mol. Biol. . 356 . 1 . 111–20 . 2006 . 16343532 . 10.1016/j.jmb.2005.11.019 . vanc. Luu HA . Cherney MM . 3 . Andersen . Raymond J. . Williams . David . Holmes . Charles F.B. . James . Michael N.G. .
• Suh EJ, Kim TY, Kim SH . PP2Cgamma-mediated S-phase accumulation induced by the proteasome-dependent degradation of p21(WAF1/CIP1) . FEBS Lett. . 580 . 26 . 6100–4 . 2007 . 17054950 . 10.1016/j.febslet.2006.10.005 . 81205783 .
• Kimura H . A novel histone exchange factor, protein phosphatase 2Cgamma, mediates the exchange and dephosphorylation of H2A-H2B . J. Cell Biol. . 175 . 3 . 389–400 . 2006 . 17074886 . 10.1083/jcb.200608001 . 2064517 . vanc. Takizawa N . Allemand E . 3 . Hori . T. . Iborra . F. J. . Nozaki . N. . Muraki . M. . Hagiwara . M. . Krainer . A. R. .
• Luo W . Protein phosphatase 1 regulates assembly and function of the beta-catenin degradation complex . EMBO J. . 26 . 6 . 1511–21 . 2007 . 17318175 . 10.1038/sj.emboj.7601607 . 1829374 . vanc. Peterson A . Garcia BA . 3 . Coombs . Gary . Kofahl . Bente . Heinrich . Reinhart . Shabanowitz . Jeffrey . Hunt . Donald F . Yost . H Joseph .
• Allemand E . Alternative splicing regulation by interaction of phosphatase PP2Cgamma with nucleic acid-binding protein YB-1 . Nat. Struct. Mol. Biol. . 14 . 7 . 630–8 . 2007 . 17572683 . 10.1038/nsmb1257 . vanc. Hastings ML . Murray MV . 3 . Myers . Michael P . Krainer . Adrian R . 3187530 .
• Petri S . Dephosphorylation of survival motor neurons (SMN) by PPM1G/PP2Cgamma governs Cajal body localization and stability of the SMN complex . J. Cell Biol. . 179 . 3 . 451–65 . 2007 . 17984321 . 10.1083/jcb.200704163 . 2064792 . vanc. Grimmler M . Over S . 3 . Fischer . U. . Gruss . O. J. .

Notes and References

1. Travis SM, Welsh MJ . PP2C gamma: a human protein phosphatase with a unique acidic domain . FEBS Lett . 412 . 3 . 415–9 . Sep 1997 . 9276438 . 10.1016/S0014-5793(97)00837-5 . 82436336 . free .
2. Web site: Entrez Gene: PPM1G protein phosphatase 1G (formerly 2C), magnesium-dependent, gamma isoform.