POM121 explained

Nuclear envelope pore membrane protein POM 121 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the POM121 gene.^{[1] [2] [3]} Alternatively spliced variants that encode different protein isoforms have been described but the full-length nature of only one has been determined.

Function

The nuclear envelope creates distinct nuclear and cytoplasmic compartments in eukaryotic cells. It consists of two concentric membranes perforated by nuclear pores, large protein complexes that form aqueous channels to regulate the flow of macromolecules between the nucleus and the cytoplasm. These complexes are composed of at least 100 different polypeptide subunits, many of which belong to the nucleoporin family. This gene encodes a member of the FG-repeat-containing nucleoporins. The protein encoded by this gene is an integral membrane protein that localizes to the central spoke ring complex and participates in anchoring the nuclear pore complex to the nuclear envelope.^[4]

Antibodies against this protein can be used to identify the nuclear envelope in immunofluorescence experiments.^[5]

Further reading

• Bodoor K, Shaikh S, Enarson P, etal . Function and assembly of nuclear pore complex proteins . Biochem. Cell Biol. . 77 . 4 . 321–9 . 1999 . 10546895 . 10.1139/bcb-77-4-321 .
• Kipersztok S, Osawa GA, Liang LF, etal . POM-ZP3, a bipartite transcript derived from human ZP3 and a POM121 homologue . Genomics . 25 . 2 . 354–9 . 1995 . 7789967 . 10.1016/0888-7543(95)80033-I .
• Fouchier RA, Meyer BE, Simon JH, etal . Interaction of the Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Vpr Protein with the Nuclear Pore Complex . J. Virol. . 72 . 7 . 6004–13 . 1998 . 9621063 . 10.1128/JVI.72.7.6004-6013.1998. 110405 .
• Daigle N, Beaudouin J, Hartnell L, etal . Nuclear pore complexes form immobile networks and have a very low turnover in live mammalian cells . J. Cell Biol. . 154 . 1 . 71–84 . 2001 . 11448991 . 10.1083/jcb.200101089 . 2196857 .
• Strausberg RL, Feingold EA, Grouse LH, etal . Generation and initial analysis of more than 15,000 full-length human and mouse cDNA sequences . Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. . 99 . 26 . 16899–903 . 2003 . 12477932 . 10.1073/pnas.242603899 . 139241 . 2002PNAS...9916899M . free .
• Hillier LW, Fulton RS, Fulton LA, etal . The DNA sequence of human chromosome 7 . Nature . 424 . 6945 . 157–64 . 2003 . 12853948 . 10.1038/nature01782 . 2003Natur.424..157H . free .
• Ota T, Suzuki Y, Nishikawa T, etal . Complete sequencing and characterization of 21,243 full-length human cDNAs . Nat. Genet. . 36 . 1 . 40–5 . 2004 . 14702039 . 10.1038/ng1285 . free .
• Eriksson C, Rustum C, Hallberg E . Dynamic properties of nuclear pore complex proteins in gp210 deficient cells . FEBS Lett. . 572 . 1–3 . 261–5 . 2004 . 15304359 . 10.1016/j.febslet.2004.07.044 . 22760247 . free .
• Rual JF, Venkatesan K, Hao T, etal . Towards a proteome-scale map of the human protein-protein interaction network . Nature . 437 . 7062 . 1173–8 . 2005 . 16189514 . 10.1038/nature04209 . 2005Natur.437.1173R . 4427026 .
• Lim J, Hao T, Shaw C, etal . A protein-protein interaction network for human inherited ataxias and disorders of Purkinje cell degeneration . Cell . 125 . 4 . 801–14 . 2006 . 16713569 . 10.1016/j.cell.2006.03.032 . 13709685 . free .
• Olsen JV, Blagoev B, Gnad F, etal . Global, in vivo, and site-specific phosphorylation dynamics in signaling networks . Cell . 127 . 3 . 635–48 . 2006 . 17081983 . 10.1016/j.cell.2006.09.026 . 7827573 . free .

Notes and References

1. Hallberg E, Wozniak RW, Blobel G . An integral membrane protein of the pore membrane domain of the nuclear envelope contains a nucleoporin-like region . J Cell Biol . 122 . 3 . 513–21 . Aug 1993 . 8335683 . 2119659 . 10.1083/jcb.122.3.513 .
2. Ishikawa K, Nagase T, Suyama M, Miyajima N, Tanaka A, Kotani H, Nomura N, Ohara O . Prediction of the coding sequences of unidentified human genes. X. The complete sequences of 100 new cDNA clones from brain which can code for large proteins in vitro . DNA Res . 5 . 3 . 169–76 . Dec 1998 . 9734811 . 10.1093/dnares/5.3.169 . free .
3. Funakoshi T, Maeshima K, Yahata K, Sugano S, Imamoto F, Imamoto N . Two distinct human POM121 genes: requirement for the formation of nuclear pore complexes . FEBS Lett . 581 . 25 . 4910–6 . Oct 2007 . 17900573 . 10.1016/j.febslet.2007.09.021 . 12819086 . free .
4. Web site: Entrez Gene: POM121 POM121 membrane glycoprotein (homo sapiens) .
5. Kihlmark M, Imreh G, Hallberg E . Sequential degradation of proteins from the nuclear envelope during apoptosis . J. Cell Sci. . 114 . Pt 20 . 3643–53 . October 2001 . 10.1242/jcs.114.20.3643 . 11707516 .