PIR (gene) explained

Pirin is a protein that in humans is encoded by the PIR gene.^{[1] [2]}

This gene encodes a member of the cupin superfamily. The encoded protein is an Fe(II)-containing nuclear protein expressed in all tissues of the body and concentrated within dot-like subnuclear structures. Interactions with nuclear factor I/CCAAT box transcription factor as well as B cell lymphoma 3-encoded oncoprotein suggest the encoded protein may act as a transcriptional cofactor and be involved in the regulation of DNA transcription and replication. Alternatively spliced transcript variants have been described.

Interactions

PIR (gene) has been shown to interact with BCL3.^[3]

Pirin in Bacteria

The pir gene is conserved in both bacteria and eukaryotes. In Pseudomonas stutzeri this protein exhibited quercetinase activity ^[4] . In Streptomyces ambofaciens, a strain known to produce the antibiotic spiramycin, the pirA gene regulates the AcdB enzyme that catalyzes one of the first steps of beta-oxidation ^[5] . Loss of the pirA gene causes a metabolic imbalance that reduces the amount of antibiotic produced.

Further reading

• Rual JF, Venkatesan K, Hao T, etal . Towards a proteome-scale map of the human protein-protein interaction network. . Nature . 437 . 7062 . 1173–8 . 2005 . 16189514 . 10.1038/nature04209 . 2005Natur.437.1173R . 4427026 .
• Adams M, Jia Z . Structural and biochemical analysis reveal pirins to possess quercetinase activity. . J. Biol. Chem. . 280 . 31 . 28675–82 . 2005 . 15951572 . 10.1074/jbc.M501034200 . free .
• Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA, etal . The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC). . Genome Res. . 14 . 10B . 2121–7 . 2004 . 15489334 . 10.1101/gr.2596504 . 528928 .
• Colland F, Jacq X, Trouplin V, etal . Functional proteomics mapping of a human signaling pathway. . Genome Res. . 14 . 7 . 1324–32 . 2004 . 15231748 . 10.1101/gr.2334104 . 442148 .
• Pang H, Bartlam M, Zeng Q, etal . Crystal structure of human pirin: an iron-binding nuclear protein and transcription cofactor. . J. Biol. Chem. . 279 . 2 . 1491–8 . 2004 . 14573596 . 10.1074/jbc.M310022200 . free .
• Zeng Q, Li X, Bartlam M, etal . Purification, crystallization and preliminary X-ray analysis of human pirin. . Acta Crystallogr. D . 59 . Pt 8 . 1496–8 . 2004 . 12876364 . 10.1107/S0907444903012289 .
• Strausberg RL, Feingold EA, Grouse LH, etal . Generation and initial analysis of more than 15,000 full-length human and mouse cDNA sequences. . Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. . 99 . 26 . 16899–903 . 2003 . 12477932 . 10.1073/pnas.242603899 . 139241 . 2002PNAS...9916899M . free .
• Dechend R, Hirano F, Lehmann K, etal . The Bcl-3 oncoprotein acts as a bridging factor between NF-kappaB/Rel and nuclear co-regulators. . Oncogene . 18 . 22 . 3316–23 . 1999 . 10362352 . 10.1038/sj.onc.1202717 . free .

Notes and References

1. Wendler WM, Kremmer E, Forster R, Winnacker EL . Identification of pirin, a novel highly conserved nuclear protein . J Biol Chem . 272 . 13 . 8482–9 . May 1997 . 9079676 . 10.1074/jbc.272.13.8482 . free .
2. Web site: Entrez Gene: PIR pirin (iron-binding nuclear protein).
3. Dechend . R . Hirano F . Lehmann K . Heissmeyer V . Ansieau S . Wulczyn F G . Scheidereit C . Leutz A . Jun 1999 . The Bcl-3 oncoprotein acts as a bridging factor between NF-kappaB/Rel and nuclear co-regulators . Oncogene . 18 . 22 . 3316–23 . 0950-9232. 10362352 . 10.1038/sj.onc.1202717 . free .
4. Widiatningrum . Talitha . Maeda . Sorato . Kataoka . Kunishige . Sakurai . Takeshi . 2015-08-07 . A pirin-like protein from Pseudomonas stutzeri and its quercetinase activity . Biochemistry and Biophysics Reports . 3 . 144–149 . 10.1016/j.bbrep.2015.08.001 . 2405-5808 . 5668851 . 29124178.
5. Talà . Adelfia . Damiano . Fabrizio . Gallo . Giuseppe . Pinatel . Eva . Calcagnile . Matteo . Testini . Mariangela . Fico . Daniela . Rizzo . Daniela . Sutera . Alberto . Renzone . Giovanni . Scaloni . Andrea . De Bellis . Gianluca . Siculella . Luisa . De Benedetto . Giuseppe Egidio . Puglia . Anna Maria . July 2018 . Pirin: A novel redox-sensitive modulator of primary and secondary metabolism in Streptomyces . Metabolic Engineering . 48 . 254–268 . 10.1016/j.ymben.2018.06.008 . 1096-7184 . 29944936.