PIGT explained

GPI transamidase component PIG-T is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the PIGT gene.^{[1] [2] [3]}

This gene encodes a protein that is involved in glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI)-anchor biosynthesis. The GPI-anchor is a glycolipid found on many blood cells and serves to anchor proteins to the cell surface. This protein is an essential component of the multisubunit enzyme, GPI transamidase. GPI transamidase mediates GPI anchoring in the endoplasmic reticulum, by catalyzing the transfer of fully assembled GPI units to proteins.^[2]

Interactions

PIGT has been shown to interact with PIGK^[4] and GPAA1.^[5]

Further reading

• Eisenhaber B, Maurer-Stroh S, Novatchkova M, etal . Enzymes and auxiliary factors for GPI lipid anchor biosynthesis and post-translational transfer to proteins. . BioEssays . 25 . 4 . 367–85 . 2003 . 12655644 . 10.1002/bies.10254 . free .
• Maruyama K, Sugano S . Oligo-capping: a simple method to replace the cap structure of eukaryotic mRNAs with oligoribonucleotides. . Gene . 138 . 1–2 . 171–4 . 1994 . 8125298 . 10.1016/0378-1119(94)90802-8 .
• Suzuki Y, Yoshitomo-Nakagawa K, Maruyama K, etal . Construction and characterization of a full length-enriched and a 5'-end-enriched cDNA library . Gene . 200 . 1–2 . 149–56 . 1997 . 9373149 . 10.1016/S0378-1119(97)00411-3 .
• Lai CH, Chou CY, Ch'ang LY, etal . Identification of novel human genes evolutionarily conserved in Caenorhabditis elegans by comparative proteomics . Genome Res. . 10 . 5 . 703–13 . 2000 . 10810093 . 10.1101/gr.10.5.703 . 310876 .
• Ohishi K, Inoue N, Kinoshita T . PIG-S and PIG-T, essential for GPI anchor attachment to proteins, form a complex with GAA1 and GPI8 . EMBO J. . 20 . 15 . 4088–98 . 2001 . 11483512 . 10.1093/emboj/20.15.4088 . 149153 .
• Yu Y, Zhang C, Zhou G, etal . Gene expression profiling in human fetal liver and identification of tissue- and developmental-stage-specific genes through compiled expression profiles and efficient cloning of full-length cDNAs . Genome Res. . 11 . 8 . 1392–403 . 2001 . 11483580 . 10.1101/gr.175501 . 311073 .
• Fossey SC, Mychaleckyj JC, Pendleton JK, etal . A high-resolution 6.0-megabase transcript map of the type 2 diabetes susceptibility region on human chromosome 20 . Genomics . 76 . 1–3 . 45–57 . 2001 . 11549316 . 10.1006/geno.2001.6584 .
• Deloukas P, Matthews LH, Ashurst J, etal . The DNA sequence and comparative analysis of human chromosome 20 . Nature . 414 . 6866 . 865–71 . 2002 . 11780052 . 10.1038/414865a . 2001Natur.414..865D . free .
• Vainauskas S, Maeda Y, Kurniawan H, etal . Structural requirements for the recruitment of Gaa1 into a functional glycosylphosphatidylinositol transamidase complex . J. Biol. Chem. . 277 . 34 . 30535–42 . 2002 . 12052837 . 10.1074/jbc.M205402200 . free .
• Strausberg RL, Feingold EA, Grouse LH, etal . Generation and initial analysis of more than 15,000 full-length human and mouse cDNA sequences . Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. . 99 . 26 . 16899–903 . 2003 . 12477932 . 10.1073/pnas.242603899 . 139241 . 2002PNAS...9916899M . free .
• Ohishi K, Nagamune K, Maeda Y, Kinoshita T . Two subunits of glycosylphosphatidylinositol transamidase, GPI8 and PIG-T, form a functionally important intermolecular disulfide bridge . J. Biol. Chem. . 278 . 16 . 13959–67 . 2003 . 12582175 . 10.1074/jbc.M300586200 . free .
• Hong Y, Ohishi K, Kang JY, etal . Human PIG-U and yeast Cdc91p are the fifth subunit of GPI transamidase that attaches GPI-anchors to proteins . Mol. Biol. Cell . 14 . 5 . 1780–9 . 2004 . 12802054 . 10.1091/mbc.E02-12-0794 . 165076 .
• Clark HF, Gurney AL, Abaya E, etal . The secreted protein discovery initiative (SPDI), a large-scale effort to identify novel human secreted and transmembrane proteins: a bioinformatics assessment . Genome Res. . 13 . 10 . 2265–70 . 2003 . 12975309 . 10.1101/gr.1293003 . 403697 .
• Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA, etal . The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC) . Genome Res. . 14 . 10B . 2121–7 . 2004 . 15489334 . 10.1101/gr.2596504 . 528928 .
• Otsuki T, Ota T, Nishikawa T, etal . Signal sequence and keyword trap in silico for selection of full-length human cDNAs encoding secretion or membrane proteins from oligo-capped cDNA libraries . DNA Res. . 12 . 2 . 117–26 . 2007 . 16303743 . 10.1093/dnares/12.2.117 . free .
• Kimura K, Wakamatsu A, Suzuki Y, etal . Diversification of transcriptional modulation: large-scale identification and characterization of putative alternative promoters of human genes . Genome Res. . 16 . 1 . 55–65 . 2006 . 16344560 . 10.1101/gr.4039406 . 1356129 .
• Li HL, Li Z, Qin LY, etal . The novel neurotrophin-regulated neuronal development-associated protein, NDAP, mediates apoptosis . FEBS Lett. . 580 . 7 . 1723–8 . 2006 . 16516892 . 10.1016/j.febslet.2006.02.022 . 1016691 . free .

Notes and References

1. Vainauskas S, Menon AK . Endoplasmic reticulum localization of Gaa1 and PIG-T, subunits of the glycosylphosphatidylinositol transamidase complex . J Biol Chem . 280 . 16 . 16402–9 . Apr 2005 . 15713669 . 10.1074/jbc.M414253200 . free .
2. Web site: Entrez Gene: PIGT phosphatidylinositol glycan anchor biosynthesis, class T.
3. Ohishi K, Inoue N, Kinoshita T . PIG-S and PIG-T, essential for GPI anchor attachment to proteins, form a complex with GAA1 and GPI8 . EMBO J. . 20 . 15 . 4088–98 . August 2001 . 11483512 . 149153 . 10.1093/emboj/20.15.4088 .
4. Ohishi . Kazuhito . Nagamune Kisaburo . Maeda Yusuke . Kinoshita Taroh . Apr 2003 . Two subunits of glycosylphosphatidylinositol transamidase, GPI8 and PIG-T, form a functionally important intermolecular disulfide bridge . J. Biol. Chem. . 278 . 16 . 13959–67 . 0021-9258. 12582175 . 10.1074/jbc.M300586200 . free .
5. Vainauskas . Saulius . Maeda Yusuke . Kurniawan Henry . Kinoshita Taroh . Menon Anant K . Aug 2002 . Structural requirements for the recruitment of Gaa1 into a functional glycosylphosphatidylinositol transamidase complex . J. Biol. Chem. . 277 . 34 . 30535–42 . 0021-9258. 12052837 . 10.1074/jbc.M205402200 . free .