PEN Centre Germany explained

PEN Centre Germany is part of the worldwide association of writers founded in London in 1921, now known as PEN International. One of over 140 autonomous PEN centres around the world, PEN Centre Germany is based in Darmstadt, Hesse.^[1]

Work

PEN Centre Germany upholds the objectives of PEN International in protecting the freedom of intellectual expression throughout the world. PEN Centre Germany supports two main programmes: Writers in Prison^[2] and Writers in Exile.^[3] Founded in 1999, Writers in Exile is a programme supporting international writers who are given the opportunity to live and work in safety, with accommodation provided in Berlin, Cologne, Hamburg and Munich together with living expenses.

Since 1985 PEN Centre Germany has awarded the Hermann Kesten Prize for outstanding services to persecuted authors.

PEN Centre Germany is also a participant in the annual Writers for Peace Committee founded in 1984.

History of PEN Centre Germany

Weimar Republic

The German branch of International PEN was founded in 1924 under the direction of Ludwig Fulda. This was supported by the founding president of PEN, John Galsworthy. PEN Centre Germany arranged its first international conference in Berlin in 1926 and the organisation flourished until the rise of Nazism.^[4]

Under Nazism

In 1933 the then president, Alfred Kerr fled into exile as soon as the Nazis took power and in January 1935, under difficult political circumstances, PEN Centre Germany became known as the Union of National Writers. This organisation was supportive of Nazism and heavily criticised by PEN International for its failure to condemn the burning of books by the Nazis in 1933. In response to these circumstances, in 1934 a PEN centre was set up for German writers in exile based in London, with Heinrich Mann as president.^[5]

After World War II

In 1948 PEN Centre Germany was re-founded in Göttingen. Soon afterwards, when East and West Germany were created as separate states in 1949, PEN split into two organisations to reflect the new political reality. This split continued until after German Reunification and a united PEN Centre Germany was finally established in 1998.^[6]

Notes and References

1. Web site: PEN-Zentrum Deutschland Das PEN-Zentrum Deutschland ist eine der weltweit über 140 Schriftstellervereinigungen, die im Internationalen PEN vereint sind.. www.pen-deutschland.de. en-US. 2017-02-27.
2. News: Writers-in-Prison / Writers-at-Risk. PEN-Zentrum Deutschland. 2017-02-27. en-US.
3. News: Writers-in-Exile. PEN-Zentrum Deutschland. 2017-02-27. en-US.
4. Fischer, Ernst: Das Zentrum in der Weimaer Republik. In: Dorothée Bores, Sven Hanuschek (Eds.): Handbuch PEN. Geschichte und Gegenwart der deutschsprachigen Zentren. Walter de Gruyter, Berlin/ Boston 2014,, pp. 76, 120
5. Peitsch, Helmut : Versuchte Gleichschaltung durch das NS-Regime, die Auflösung und Flucht ins Exil (1933-1945). In: Dorothée Bores, Sven Hanuschek (Eds.): Handbuch PEN. Geschichte und Gegenwart der deutschsprachigen Zentren. Walter de Gruyter, Berlin/ Boston 2014., p. 142
6. Sven Hanuschek: P.E.N. Die internationale Schriftstellervereinigung. Ihre deutsche Geschichte. Ihre Aufgaben. pp. 8–33. Exhibition catalogue, Heinrich Böll Foundation, Berlin 2011