PELO explained

Protein pelota homolog is a protein that in humans is encoded by the PELO gene.^{[1] [2]}

This gene encodes a protein which contains a conserved nuclear localization signal. The encoded protein may have a role in spermatogenesis, cell cycle control, and in meiotic cell division. In yeasts, the Dom34-Hbs1 complex (with ABCE1) that it forms is responsible for reactivating ribosomes and for recovering those stuck on mRNAs.^[3] It is a paralog of the release factor eRF1.

The Drosophila homolog was first discovered in 1993. Mutants exhibit G2/M arrest in meiosis and large nebenkern form in late spermatocytes.^[4] Human, yeast (Dom34), plant, and worm homologs are reported in 1995,^[5] followed by one found in archaea.^[6]

Further reading

• Cheli Y, Kanaji S, Jacquelin B, Chang M, Nugent DJ, Kunicki TJ . Transcriptional and epigenetic regulation of the integrin collagen receptor locus ITGA1-PELO-ITGA2 . Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Gene Structure and Expression . 1769 . 9–10 . 546–58 . 2007 . 17669516 . 2682338 . 10.1016/j.bbaexp.2007.06.004 .
• Ewing RM, Chu P, Elisma F, Li H, Taylor P, Climie S, McBroom-Cerajewski L, Robinson MD, O'Connor L, Li M, Taylor R, Dharsee M, Ho Y, Heilbut A, Moore L, Zhang S, Ornatsky O, Bukhman YV, Ethier M, Sheng Y, Vasilescu J, Abu-Farha M, Lambert JP, Duewel HS, Stewart II, Kuehl B, Hogue K, Colwill K, Gladwish K, Muskat B, Kinach R, Adams SL, Moran MF, Morin GB, Topaloglou T, Figeys D . 6 . Large-scale mapping of human protein-protein interactions by mass spectrometry . Molecular Systems Biology . 3 . 1 . 89 . 2007 . 17353931 . 1847948 . 10.1038/msb4100134 .
• Olsen JV, Blagoev B, Gnad F, Macek B, Kumar C, Mortensen P, Mann M . Global, in vivo, and site-specific phosphorylation dynamics in signaling networks . Cell . 127 . 3 . 635–48 . November 2006 . 17081983 . 10.1016/j.cell.2006.09.026 . 7827573 . free .
• Andersen JS, Lam YW, Leung AK, Ong SE, Lyon CE, Lamond AI, Mann M . Nucleolar proteome dynamics . Nature . 433 . 7021 . 77–83 . January 2005 . 15635413 . 10.1038/nature03207 . 2005Natur.433...77A . 4344740 .
• Lai CH, Chou CY, Ch'ang LY, Liu CS, Lin W . Identification of novel human genes evolutionarily conserved in Caenorhabditis elegans by comparative proteomics . Genome Research . 10 . 5 . 703–13 . May 2000 . 10810093 . 310876 . 10.1101/gr.10.5.703 .

Notes and References

1. Shamsadin R, Adham IM, von Beust G, Engel W . Molecular cloning, expression and chromosome location of the human pelota gene PELO . Cytogenetics and Cell Genetics . 90 . 1–2 . 75–8 . Nov 2000 . 11060452 . 10.1159/000015667 . 35316587 .
2. Web site: Entrez Gene: PELO pelota homolog (Drosophila).
3. van den Elzen AM, Schuller A, Green R, Séraphin B . Dom34-Hbs1 mediated dissociation of inactive 80S ribosomes promotes restart of translation after stress . The EMBO Journal . 33 . 3 . 265–76 . February 2014 . 24424461 . 3989619 . 10.1002/embj.201386123 .
4. Castrillon DH, Gönczy P, Alexander S, Rawson R, Eberhart CG, Viswanathan S, DiNardo S, Wasserman SA . 6 . Toward a molecular genetic analysis of spermatogenesis in Drosophila melanogaster: characterization of male-sterile mutants generated by single P element mutagenesis . Genetics . 135 . 2 . 489–505 . October 1993 . 10.1093/genetics/135.2.489 . 8244010 . 1205651 .
5. Eberhart CG, Wasserman SA . The pelota locus encodes a protein required for meiotic cell division: an analysis of G2/M arrest in Drosophila spermatogenesis . Development . 121 . 10 . 3477–86 . October 1995 . 10.1242/dev.121.10.3477 . 7588080 .
6. Ragan MA, Logsdon JM, Sensen CW, Charlebois RL, Doolittle WF . An archaebacterial homolog of pelota, a meiotic cell division protein in eukaryotes . FEMS Microbiology Letters . 144 . 2–3 . 151–5 . November 1996 . 8900058 . 10.1111/j.1574-6968.1996.tb08522.x . free .