PAFAH2 explained

Platelet-activating factor acetylhydrolase 2, cytoplasmic is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the PAFAH2 gene.^{[1] [2] [3]} It is one of several PAF acetylhydrolases.

Function

This gene encodes platelet-activating factor acetylhydrolase isoform 2, a single-subunit intracellular enzyme that catalyzes the removal of the acetyl group at the SN-2 position of platelet-activating factor (identified as 1-O-alkyl-2-acetyl-sn-glyceryl-3-phosphorylcholine). However, this lipase exhibits a broader substrate specificity than simply platelet activating factor. Two other isoforms of intracellular platelet-activating factor acetylhydrolase exist, and both are multi-subunit enzymes. Additionally, there is a single-subunit serum isoform of this enzyme.^[3]

Further reading

• Stafforini DM, McIntyre TM, Zimmerman GA, Prescott SM . Platelet-activating factor acetylhydrolases . The Journal of Biological Chemistry . 272 . 29 . 17895–8 . Jul 1997 . 9218411 . 10.1074/jbc.272.29.17895 . free .
• Umemura K, Kato I, Hirashima Y, Ishii Y, Inoue T, Aoki J, Kono N, Oya T, Hayashi N, Hamada H, Endo S, Oda M, Arai H, Kinouchi H, Hiraga K . Neuroprotective role of transgenic PAF-acetylhydrolase II in mouse models of focal cerebral ischemia . Stroke: A Journal of Cerebral Circulation . 38 . 3 . 1063–8 . Mar 2007 . 17272759 . 10.1161/01.STR.0000257981.09329.d2 . free .
• Schmidt EB, Koenig W, Khuseyinova N, Christensen JH . Lipoprotein-associated phospholipase A2 concentrations in plasma are associated with the extent of coronary artery disease and correlate to adipose tissue levels of marine n-3 fatty acids . Atherosclerosis . 196 . 1 . 420–4 . Jan 2008 . 17157859 . 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2006.11.027 .
• Unno N, Sakaguchi T, Nakamura T, Yamamoto N, Sugatani J, Miwa M, Konno H . A single nucleotide polymorphism in the plasma PAF acetylhydrolase gene and risk of atherosclerosis in Japanese patients with peripheral artery occlusive disease . The Journal of Surgical Research . 134 . 1 . 36–43 . Jul 2006 . 16650870 . 10.1016/j.jss.2006.02.058 .
• Marques M, Pei Y, Southall MD, Johnston JM, Arai H, Aoki J, Inoue T, Seltmann H, Zouboulis CC, Travers JB . Identification of platelet-activating factor acetylhydrolase II in human skin . The Journal of Investigative Dermatology . 119 . 4 . 913–9 . Oct 2002 . 12406338 . 10.1046/j.1523-1747.2002.01859.x . free .
• Min JH, Wilder C, Aoki J, Arai H, Inoue K, Paul L, Gelb MH . Platelet-activating factor acetylhydrolases: broad substrate specificity and lipoprotein binding does not modulate the catalytic properties of the plasma enzyme . Biochemistry . 40 . 15 . 4539–49 . Apr 2001 . 11294621 . 10.1021/bi002600g .

Notes and References

1. Hattori K, Adachi H, Matsuzawa A, Yamamoto K, Tsujimoto M, Aoki J, Hattori M, Arai H, Inoue K . cDNA cloning and expression of intracellular platelet-activating factor (PAF) acetylhydrolase II. Its homology with plasma PAF acetylhydrolase . The Journal of Biological Chemistry . 271 . 51 . 33032–8 . Dec 1996 . 8955149 . 10.1074/jbc.271.51.33032 . free .
2. Rice SQ, Southan C, Boyd HF, Terrett JA, MacPhee CH, Moores K, Gloger IS, Tew DG . Expression, purification and characterization of a human serine-dependent phospholipase A2 with high specificity for oxidized phospholipids and platelet activating factor . The Biochemical Journal . 330 (Pt 3) . 3 . 1309–15 . Mar 1998 . 10.1042/bj3301309 . 9494101 . 1219277 .
3. Web site: Entrez Gene: PAFAH2 platelet-activating factor acetylhydrolase 2, 40kDa.