Pennsylvania's 1st congressional district explained

State:	Pennsylvania
District Number:	1
Image Caption:	Interactive map of district boundaries since January 3, 2023 (Bucks County outlined in red)
Representative:	Brian Fitzpatrick
Party:	Republican
Residence:	Levittown
Population:	760,257^[1]
Population Year:	2022
Median Income:	$104,881^[2]
Percent White:	79.9
Percent Hispanic:	6.1
Percent Black:	4.0
Percent Asian:	6.3
Percent More Than One Race:	3.3
Percent Other Race:	0.5
Cpvi:	EVEN^[3]

Pennsylvania's first congressional district includes all of Bucks County and a sliver of Montgomery County in southeastern Pennsylvania. It has been represented by Brian Fitzpatrick since 2019.

The state congressional district map was redrawn by the Supreme Court of Pennsylvania in February 2018 after ruling the previous map unconstitutional due to partisan gerrymandering; the previous 1st district was geographically succeeded by the newly redrawn 2nd district which on November 6, 2018, elected Brendan Boyle, the incumbent from the 13th district. The new first district is similar to the previous eighth district, with the new boundaries going into effect for the 2018 elections and representation thereafter.^[4]

Fitzpatrick, the incumbent from the previous 8th district, was elected on November 6, 2018, to the newly redrawn 1st district. Only minor changes were made to the district after redistricting following the 2020 census. It was one of 18 districts that would have voted for Joe Biden in the 2020 presidential election had they existed in their current configuration while being won or held by a Republican in 2022.

The district is one of seven with a Cook Partisan Voting Index of EVEN, meaning that the district votes almost identically to the national electorate.

Prior to 2018, the district had generally been based in Philadelphia.

Peter Russo was the district’s congressman in the show “House of Cards”.

Recent statewide election results

Year	Office	Result
2020	President	align=left	Biden 52–46%
2022	Governor	align=left	Shapiro 59–39%
2022	Senate	align=left	Fetterman 52–45%

List of members representing the district

The district was organized from Pennsylvania's at-large congressional district in 1791.

1791–1793: one seat

Representative	Party	Years	Cong ress	Electoral history
District first established March 4, 1791
align=left	Thomas Fitzsimons		Pro-Administration	nowrap	March 4, 1791 – March 3, 1793		Redistricted from the and re-elected in 1791. Redistricted to the .

1795–1803: one seat

The district was organized from Pennsylvania's at-large congressional district in 1795.

Representative	Party	Years	Cong ress	Electoral history
align=left	John Swanwick		Democratic-Republican	nowrap	March 4, 1795 – August 1, 1798	Elected in 1794. Re-elected in 1796. Died.
Vacant		nowrap	August 1, 1798 – December 3, 1798
align=left	Robert Waln		Federalist	nowrap	December 3, 1798 – March 3, 1801	Elected October 9, 1798 to finish Swanwick's term and seated December 3, 1798. Elected the same day to the next term. Retired.
align=left	William Jones		Democratic-Republican	nowrap	March 4, 1801 – March 3, 1803	Elected in 1800. Retired.

1803–1823: three seats, then four

The district was reorganized in 1803 to have 3 at-large seats on a general ticket. The district was apportioned a fourth seat in 1813, also elected on a general ticket.

Cong ress	Years	Seat A			Seat B			Seat C			Seat D
Cong ress	Years	Representative	Party	Electoral history	Representative	Party	Electoral history	Representative	Party	Electoral history	Representative	Party	Electoral history
	nowrap	March 4, 1803 – March 3, 1805	Joseph Clay	Democratic-Republican	Elected in 1802. Re-elected in 1804. Re-elected in 1806. Resigned.	Jacob Richards	Democratic-Republican	Elected in 1802. Re-elected in 1804. Re-elected in 1806. Retired.	Michael Leib	Democratic-Republican	Elected in 1802. Re-elected in 1804. Resigned.	Fourth seat added in 1812.
	nowrap	March 4, 1805 – February 14, 1806									Elected in 1802. Re-elected in 1804. Resigned.
	nowrap	February 14, 1806 – December 8, 1806	Vacant
	nowrap	December 8, 1806 – March 3, 1807	John Porter	Democratic-Republican		Elected in 1806. Later elected to finish Leib's term. Re-elected in 1808. Lost re-election.
	nowrap	March 4, 1807 – March 28, 1808
	nowrap	March 28, 1808 – November 16, 1808	Vacant
	nowrap	November 16, 1808 – March 3, 1809	Benjamin Say	Democratic-Republican	Elected to finish Clay's term. Re-elected in 1808. Resigned.
	nowrap	March 4, 1809 – June 1809	William Anderson	Democratic-Republican			Elected in 1808. Re-elected in 1810. Re-elected in 1812. Lost re-election.
	nowrap	June 1809 – October 10, 1809	Vacant
	nowrap	October 10, 1809 – March 3, 1811	Adam Seybert	Democratic-Republican	Elected to finish Anderson's term. Re-elected in 1810. Re-elected in 1812. Lost re-election.
	nowrap	March 4, 1811 – March 3, 1813	align=left	James Milnor				Federalist	Elected in 1810. Retired.
	nowrap	March 4, 1813 – March 3, 1815	align=left	Charles J. Ingersoll				Democratic-Republican	Elected in 1812. Lost re-election.	align=left	John Conard		Democratic-Republican	Elected in 1812. Retired.
	nowrap	March 4, 1815 – May 16, 1815	William Milnor	Federalist	Elected in 1814. Lost re-election.	Thomas Smith	Federalist	Elected in 1814. Retired.	Joseph Hopkinson	Federalist	Elected in 1814. Re-elected in 1816. Retired.	align=left	Jonathan Williams		Democratic-Republican	Elected in 1814. Died.
	nowrap	May 16, 1815 – October 10, 1815	Vacant
	nowrap	October 10, 1815 – March 3, 1817	John Sergeant	Federalist		Elected to finish Williams's term. Re-elected in 1816. Re-elected in 1818. Re-elected in 1820. Retired.
	nowrap	March 4, 1817 – March 3, 1819	align=left	Adam Seybert			Democratic-Republican	Elected in 1816. Lost re-election.	align=left	William Anderson			Democratic-Republican	Elected in 1816. Lost re-election.
	nowrap	March 4, 1819 – March 3, 1821	align=left	Thomas Forrest			Federalist	Elected in 1818. Lost re-election.	Joseph Hemphill	Federalist	Elected in 1818. Re-elected in 1820. Redistricted to the and won re-election.	Samuel Edwards	Federalist	Elected in 1818. Re-elected in 1820. Redistricted to the and won re-election.
	nowrap	March 4, 1821 – May 8, 1822	align=left	William Milnor			Federalist	Elected in 1820. Resigned.
	nowrap	May 8, 1822 – October 8, 1822	Vacant
	nowrap	October 8, 1822 – March 3, 1823	align=left	Thomas Forrest			Federalist	Elected to finish Milnor's term, but on the same day lost election to the next term when redistricted to the .

1823–present: one seat

The district was reorganized in 1823 to have one seat.

Member	Party	Years	Cong ress	Electoral history	Location
align=left	Samuel Breck		Adams-Clay Federalist	nowrap	March 4, 1823 – March 3, 1825		Elected in 1822. Retired.	1823–1833
align=left	John Wurts		Jacksonian	nowrap	March 4, 1825 – March 3, 1827		Elected in 1824. Retired.
align=left	Joel B. Sutherland		Jacksonian	nowrap	March 4, 1827 – February 1833		Elected in 1826. Re-elected in 1828. Re-elected in 1830. Re-elected in 1832 but resigned to become a judge.
Vacant	February 1833 – October 8, 1833
1833–1843
	align=left	Joel B. Sutherland		Jacksonian	nowrap	October 8, 1833 – March 3, 1837		Elected to finish his vacant term. Re-elected in 1834. Lost re-election.
	align=left	Lemuel Paynter		Democratic	nowrap	March 4, 1837 – March 3, 1841		Elected in 1836. Re-elected in 1838. Retired.
	align=left	Charles Brown		Democratic	nowrap	March 4, 1841 – March 3, 1843		Elected in 1840. Retired.
align=left	Edward J. Morris		Whig	nowrap	March 4, 1843 – March 3, 1845		Elected in 1843.	1843–1853
align=left	Lewis C. Levin		American	nowrap	March 4, 1845 – March 3, 1851		Elected in 1844. Re-elected in 1846. Re-elected in 1848. Lost re-election.
Thomas B. Florence	Democratic	March 4, 1851 – March 3, 1861		Elected in 1850. Re-elected in 1852. Re-elected in 1854. Re-elected in 1856. Re-elected in 1858. Lost re-election.
1853–1863
1853–1863	align=left	William Eckart Lehman		Democratic	nowrap	March 4, 1861 – March 3, 1863		Elected in 1860. Lost re-election.
Samuel J. Randall	Democratic	March 4, 1863 – March 3, 1875		Elected in 1862. Re-elected in 1864. Re-elected in 1866. Re-elected in 1868. Re-elected in 1870. Re-elected in 1872. Redistricted to the .	1863–1873
1873–1883
	align=left	Chapman Freeman		Republican	nowrap	March 4, 1875 – March 3, 1879		Elected in 1874. Re-elected in 1876. Retired.
	Henry H. Bingham	Republican	March 4, 1879 – March 22, 1912		Elected in 1878. Re-elected in 1880. Re-elected in 1882. Re-elected in 1884. Re-elected in 1886. Re-elected in 1888. Re-elected in 1890. Re-elected in 1892. Re-elected in 1894. Re-elected in 1896. Re-elected in 1898. Re-elected in 1900. Re-elected in 1902. Re-elected in 1904. Re-elected in 1906. Re-elected in 1908. Re-elected in 1910. Died.
1883–1893
1893–1903
1903–1913
	Vacant		nowrap	March 22, 1912 – May 24, 1912
	William S. Vare	Republican	May 24, 1912 – March 3, 1927		Elected to finish Bingham's term. Re-elected in 1912. Re-elected in 1914. Re-elected in 1916. Re-elected in 1918. Re-elected in 1920. Re-elected in 1922. Re-elected in 1924. Retired to run for U.S. Senator.
1913–1933
	align=left	James M. Hazlett		Republican	nowrap	March 4, 1927 – October 20, 1927		Elected in 1926. Resigned.
	Vacant		nowrap	October 20, 1927 – November 8, 1927
	align=left	James M. Beck		Republican	nowrap	November 8, 1927 – March 3, 1933		Elected to finish Hazlett's term. Re-elected in 1928. Re-elected in 1930. Redistricted to the .
align=left	Harry C. Ransley		Republican	nowrap	March 4, 1933 – January 3, 1937		Elected in 1932. Re-elected in 1934. Lost re-election.	1933–1943
align=left	Leon Sacks		Democratic	nowrap	January 3, 1937 – January 3, 1943		Elected in 1936. Re-elected in 1938. Re-elected in 1940. Lost re-election.	1933–1943
align=left	James A. Gallagher		Republican	nowrap	January 3, 1943 – January 3, 1945		Elected in 1942. Lost re-election.	1943–1953
align=left	William A. Barrett		Democratic	nowrap	January 3, 1945 – January 3, 1947		Elected in 1944. Lost re-election.
align=left	James A. Gallagher		Republican	nowrap	January 3, 1947 – January 3, 1949		Elected in 1946. Lost re-election.
William A. Barrett	Democratic	January 3, 1949 – April 12, 1976		Elected in 1948. Re-elected in 1950. Re-elected in 1952. Re-elected in 1954. Re-elected in 1956. Re-elected in 1958. Re-elected in 1960. Re-elected in 1962. Re-elected in 1964. Re-elected in 1966. Re-elected in 1968. Re-elected in 1970. Re-elected in 1972. Re-elected in 1974. Died.
1953–1963
1963–1973
1973–1983
	Vacant		nowrap	April 12, 1976 – November 2, 1976
	align=left	Michael Myers		Democratic	nowrap	November 2, 1976 – October 2, 1980		Elected to finish Barrett's term. Re-elected in 1976. Re-elected in 1978. Expelled.
	Vacant		nowrap	October 2, 1980 – January 3, 1981
	Tom Foglietta	Democratic	January 3, 1981 – November 11, 1997		Elected in 1980. Re-elected in 1982. Re-elected in 1984. Re-elected in 1986. Re-elected in 1988. Re-elected in 1990. Re-elected in 1992. Re-elected in 1994. Re-elected in 1996. Resigned to become U.S. Ambassador to Italy.
1983–1993
1993–2003
	Vacant		nowrap	November 11, 1997 – May 19, 1998
	Bob Brady	Democratic	May 19, 1998 – January 3, 2019		Elected to finish Foglietta's term. Re-elected in 1998. Re-elected in 2000. Re-elected in 2002. Re-elected in 2004. Re-elected in 2006. Re-elected in 2008. Re-elected in 2010. Re-elected in 2012. Re-elected in 2014. Re-elected in 2016. Redistricted to the and retired.
2003–2013
2013–2019
Brian Fitzpatrick	Republican	January 3, 2019 – present		Redistricted from the and re-elected in 2018. Re-elected in 2020. Re-elected in 2022.	2019-2023
2023–

Recent election results

2022

References

Book: Martis, Kenneth C.. The Historical Atlas of Political Parties in the United States Congress. 1989. Macmillan Publishing Company. New York.
Book: Martis, Kenneth C.. The Historical Atlas of United States Congressional Districts. 1982. Macmillan Publishing Company. New York.
Congressional Biographical Directory of the United States 1774–present

External links

Congressional redistricting in Pennsylvania

39.9278°N -75.2142°W

Notes and References

https://www.census.gov/mycd/?st=42&cd=01 "Congressional District 1 (118th Congress), Pennsylvania" (under "People" header)
https://www.census.gov/mycd/?st=42&cd=01 "Congressional District 1 (118th Congress), Pennsylvania" (under "Socio-Economic" header)
Web site: 2022 Cook PVI: District Map and List. 2023-01-10. Cook Political Report. July 12, 2022 . en.
News: The New Pennsylvania House Districts Are In. We Review the Mapmakers' Choices. . The New York Times . The Upshot . February 19, 2018 . February 20, 2018 . Nate . Cohn . Matthew . Bloch . Kevin . Quealy.