Oxynitride Explained

The oxynitrides are a group of inorganic compounds containing oxygen and nitrogen not bound to each other, instead combined with other non-metallic or metallic elements. Some of these are oxosalts with oxygen replaced by nitrogen. Some of these compounds do not have a fixed oxygen to nitrogen ratio, but instead form ceramics with a range of compositions. They are in the class of mixed anion compounds.

Many can be formed by heating an oxide or carbonate with ammonia. The hydrogen can assist by reducing some of the oxygen. With higher temperatures and pressures nitrogen can be heated with a mixed oxide to yield a product. Other nitrogen rich compounds that can be heated with oxygen containing material are urea and melamine. For example urea heated with ammonium dihydrogen phosphate yields a phosphorus oxynitride.

There may not be a definite ratio of nitrogen to oxygen, and also nitrogen and oxygen may be disordered, swapping places at random.

Compared to oxides, the oxynitrides have a smaller band gap.^[1]

List

name	other name	formula	properties	reference
aluminium oxynitride	ALON		transparent, tough
Lithium silicon oxynitride	LiSiON		Pca2₁ Wurtzite structure a=5.1986 b=6.3893 c=4.7398
	SiAlON	SiAlNO (Li,Mg,Y,Le,Ce,Eu)
Silicon oxynitride
sodium silicon oxynitride		NaSiON	white Wurtzite structure
Sinoite		Si₂N₂O	mineral
		Li₁₄Cr₂N₈O	P a=5.799 c=8.263
		NaGeON	white Wurtzite structure
potassium germanium oxynitride		KGeON	yellow Wurtzite structure a=5.7376 b=8.0535 c=5.2173
		(Si,Ge)₂N₂O		^[2]
		CaTaO₂N	perovskite	^[3]
		SrTaO₂N	perovskite
		BaTaO₂N	perovskite
		CaNbO₂N	perovskite
		SrNbO₂N	perovskite
		Sr₂NbO₃N
strontium gallium oxynitride		Sr₄GaN₃O	red Pbca a = 7.4002 b = 24.3378 c = 7.4038Å, Z = 8	^[4]
		Sr₃Nb₂O₅N₂
		In₃₂ON₁₇F₄₃	Ia a=10.536 fluorite structure
		BaNbO₂N	perovskite
		LaTaON₂
		LnTiO₂N
		LnTaO₂N
		EuTaO₂N
		EuNbO₂N
		LnNbO₂N
		LnVO₂N
		CaTiO₂N
		CaZrO₂N
		LaZrO₂N
		EuWON₂
		Ln₂AlO₃N
PON	PNO		α-quartz, β-cristobalite, or moganite structure
Titanium nickel oxynitride		NiTiNO
Chromium oxynitride		Cr(N,O)
galloaluminophosphate oxynitride	AlGaPON			^[5]
zinc oxynitride	ZnON
Titanium oxynitride		TiO_xN_y		^[6]
		K₂Ca₂Ta₃O₉N·2H₂O	perovskite
		K₂LaTa₂O₆N·1.6H₂O

Notes and References

Tang. Ya. Kato. Kosaku. Oshima. Takayoshi. Mogi. Hiroto. Miyoshi. Akinobu. Fujii. Kotaro. Yanagisawa. Kei-ichi. Kimoto. Koji. Yamakata. Akira. Yashima. Masatomo. Maeda. Kazuhiko. 2020-07-19. Synthesis of Three-Layer Perovskite Oxynitride K 2 Ca 2 Ta 3 O 9 N·2H 2 O and Photocatalytic Activity for H 2 Evolution under Visible Light. Inorganic Chemistry. 59. 15. en. 11122–11128. 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.0c01607. 32683860. 220653385. 0020-1669.
Kang. Lei. He. Gang. Zhang. Xinyuan. Li. Jiangtao. Lin. Zheshuai. Huang. Bing. 2021-05-17. Alloy Engineering of a Polar (Si,Ge) 2 N 2 O System for Controllable Second Harmonic Performance. Inorganic Chemistry. en. 60. 10. 7381–7388. 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.1c00590. 33905663. 0020-1669. 2009.06932. 231925656.
Fuertes . Amparo . Chemistry and applications of oxynitride perovskites . Journal of Materials Chemistry . 2012 . 22 . 8 . 3293 . 10.1039/C2JM13182J.
Mallinson. Phillip M.. Gál. Zoltán A.. Clarke. Simon J.. January 2006. Two New Structurally Related Strontium Gallium Nitrides: Sr 4 GaN 3 O and Sr 4 GaN 3 (CN 2). Inorganic Chemistry. en. 45. 1. 419–423. 10.1021/ic051542q. 16390084. 0020-1669.
Lee. Eunha. Kim. Taeho. Benayad. Anass. Hur. Jihyun. Park. Gyeong-Su. Jeon. Sanghun. 5 April 2016. High mobility and high stability glassy metal-oxynitride materials and devices. Scientific Reports. en. 6. 1. 23940. 10.1038/srep23940. 27044371. 4820723. 2016NatSR...623940L. 2045-2322. free.
Braic. Laurentiu. Vasilantonakis. Nikolaos. Mihai. Andrei. Villar Garcia. Ignacio Jose. Fearn. Sarah. Zou. Bin. Alford. Neil McN.. Doiron. Brock. Oulton. Rupert F.. Maier. Stefan A.. Zayats. Anatoly V.. 24 August 2017. Titanium Oxynitride Thin Films with Tunable Double Epsilon-Near-Zero Behavior for Nanophotonic Applications. ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces. 9. 35. 29857–29862. 10.1021/acsami.7b07660. Petrov. Peter K.. 28820932. 10044/1/52727. 206458627. free.