| Ōwhango | |
| Type: | Town |
| Coordinates: | -39°N 197.6°W |
| Subdivision Type: | Country |
| Subdivision Name: | New Zealand |
| Subdivision Type2: | Region |
| Subdivision Name2: | Manawatū-Whanganui |
| Subdivision Type3: | District |
| Subdivision Name3: | Ruapehu District |
| Subdivision Type4: | Ward |
| Subdivision Type5: | Community |
| Subdivision Name5: | Ōwhango-National Park Community |
| Seat Type: | Electorates |
| Leader Title: | Territorial Authority |
| Leader Name: | Ruapehu District Council |
| Leader Title1: | Regional council |
| Leader Name1: | Horizons Regional Council |
| Area Total Km2: | 0.61 |
| Population Density Km2: | auto |
Ōwhango is a small town in New Zealand situated about south of Taumarunui on State Highway 4 (SH4), and about west of the Whakapapa River, a tributary of the nascent Whanganui River.
Ōwhango has been the official name since 16 July 2020.[1] It is a Māori name that translates as "the place of wheezy noises".[2]
The village features a backdrop of native forest and Mount Ruapehu, with native birds like tūī and kererū. The domain, set amongst native forest, includes large open playing fields, children's play area and two tennis courts.[3]
The Main Trunk Line passes through Ōwhango on the western side of State Highway 4, with two crossing points for vehicles, one controlled (Owhango Road, centrally located) and the other uncontrolled (Onematua Road, on the northern boundary). From 1905 to 1985 Ōwhango had a railway station.
Latitude 39 degrees south sign in Ōwhango, looking north, September 2019|right|thumbŌwhango is located on the 39° latitude line, placing it on the boundary of the old Auckland Province and Wellington Province.[4]
Halfway through Ōwhango is a sign marking "39° South". This sign is accurate (to within a few metres) when using NZ Geodetic Datum 1949.[5] The position of 39° South when using WGS84 (or NZ Geodetic Datum 2000) is about 196 metres further south, but this is not marked.[6]
The native forest is part of the Ohinetonga Scenic Reserve which contains unlogged old growth native forest containing some forest giants and a pretty lagoon accessible from a looped walking track. A road through the reserve, signposted from the State Highway, leads down to the view from the old logging bridge over the Whakapapa River. Along the river are memorable picnic spots with superb swimming pools containing rainbow and brown trout. It is also a launch point for kayakers heading for Kakahi, or even further down the Whanganui River.[7]
Beyond the bridge is the vast expanse of Tongariro Forest Conservation Area, once the source of timber for local mills, but now protected as conservation land thanks to a successful campaign in the 1980s led by local people to save the forest from clearance. Bisecting the forest is one of New Zealand's best mountain bike rides, the 42 Traverse. The forest also has excellent tramping, camping and deer hunting opportunities. In the heart of the regenerating forest is one of only a handful of national kiwi sanctuaries where the Department of Conservation controls alien predators to protect a population of the North Island Brown Kiwi.[8]
Ōwhango began as a mill town, milling native timbers from around the local area. The last operational mill burned to the ground in the 1970s. Many of the mill houses are now holiday homes owned by city dwellers keen on the skiing, fishing, hunting, canoeing and tramping opportunities that abound in the surrounding area. The village had a permanent population of 177 (2013 census data[9]) and has a primary school, garage (no fuel sold there, however), hotel, accommodation lodges, cottages for hire and bed and breakfast/homestay places and a café and public hall where the monthly market is held.
There is a historical swimming pool actually constructed into the bed of the Kakahi Stream, located about west down Onematua Road from State Highway 4 at the northern boundary of Ōwhango. The pool was created by locals in the hope of preparing one of the local athletes for the British Empire and Commonwealth Games. Beside the pool is a monument marking the centenary of the Treaty of Waitangi. Local records indicate the pool was first ready for use over the 1939/1940 summer. In 1961 a conventional swimming pool in the grounds of the local school was opened.
The Ōwhango Hall was originally used as a silent movies cinema seating 250.[10] In more recent times it has mainly been used for community meetings and events, indoors bowls, and market days.
The Ōwhango Volunteer Fire Brigade has been operating since 1965.
Ōwhango is defined by Statistics New Zealand as a rural settlement. It covers 0.61km2[11] and had an estimated population of as of with a population density of people per km2. It is part of the larger National Park statistical area.
Ōwhango had a population of 174 at the 2018 New Zealand census, a decrease of 3 people (−1.7%) since the 2013 census, and a decrease of 15 people (−7.9%) since the 2006 census. There were 75 households, comprising 84 males and 87 females, giving a sex ratio of 0.97 males per female. The median age was 44.9 years (compared with 37.4 years nationally), with 36 people (20.7%) aged under 15 years, 27 (15.5%) aged 15 to 29, 75 (43.1%) aged 30 to 64, and 33 (19.0%) aged 65 or older.
Ethnicities were 84.5% European/Pākehā, 27.6% Māori, 1.7% Asian, and 1.7% other ethnicities. People may identify with more than one ethnicity.
Although some people chose not to answer the census's question about religious affiliation, 56.9% had no religion, 29.3% were Christian, 1.7% had Māori religious beliefs, 1.7% were Hindu and 1.7% had other religions.
Of those at least 15 years old, 24 (17.4%) people had a bachelor's or higher degree, and 33 (23.9%) people had no formal qualifications. The median income was $24,500, compared with $31,800 nationally. 18 people (13.0%) earned over $70,000 compared to 17.2% nationally. The employment status of those at least 15 was that 54 (39.1%) people were employed full-time, 24 (17.4%) were part-time, and 9 (6.5%) were unemployed.
Farming and tourism are the largest employers.[12]
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The Ōwhango Hall is sometimes used for indoor bowls, and is also just big enough for one badminton court.
Regular events at the domain and hall include the annual Ōwhango Pumpkin Growing Competition, monthly community markets, and an annual T42 mountain biking, running and walking event.
right|thumb|Owhango school, with a roll of Owhango School is a co-educational state primary school for Year 1 to 8 students,[13] [14] with a roll of as of .[15]
The earliest schooling in Ōwhango was in canvas tents, starting from about 1904 and coinciding with the construction of the railway line through the area. The first permanent school opened in 1910. The current school buildings date from about 1970, with the previous building later relocated to a nearby section.[16]
The Taumaranui Mobile Library visits the school regularly, to provide access to children living remotely.[17]