Outline of Somaliland explained

See also: Index of Somaliland-related articles.

The following outline is provided as an overview and topical guide to Somaliland:

Somaliland  - is an internationally unrecognised country.^[1] The government of Somaliland regards the territory as the successor state to the British Somaliland protectorate, which was independent for a few days in 1960 as the State of Somaliland,^{[2] [3]} before voluntarily uniting with the Trust Territory of Somalia (the former Italian Somaliland) later the same week to form the Somali Republic.^{[2] [3] [4] [5] [6]}

General reference

• Common English country name: Somaliland
• Official English country name: The Republic of Somaliland
• Common endonym(s):
  • Somali: Somaliland
  • Arabic: أرض الصومال
• Common endonym(s):
• Official endonym(s):
• Adjectival(s): Somali
• Demonym(s): Somalilander;
• ISO country codes: **
• ISO region codes: **
• Internet country code top-level domain: None

Geography of Somaliland

See also: Geography of Somaliland.

• Somaliland is: a country
• Location:
  • Eastern Hemisphere, on the Equator
  • Africa
    • East Africa
      • Horn of Africa
  • Time zone: East Africa Time (UTC+03)
  • Extreme points of Somaliland
    • High: Shimbiris 24500NaN0
    • Low: Guban -1000NaN0
  • Land boundaries:

60 km

766 km

402 km

• Coastline: 850,800 km
• Population of Somaliland: 5.7 million
• Area of Somaliland: 176,120  km²
• Atlas of Somaliland

Environment of Somaliland

• Climate of Somaliland
• Environmental issues in Somaliland
• Ecoregions in Somaliland
• Protected areas of Somaliland
  • National parks of Somaliland
• Wildlife of Somaliland
  • Flora of Somaliland
  • Fauna of Somaliland
    • Birds of Somaliland

Natural geographic features of Somaliland

• Glaciers in Somaliland: none
• Rivers of Somaliland

Ecoregions of Somaliland

List of ecoregions in Somaliland

Location of Somaliland

• Republic of Somaliland is situated within the following regions:
  • Eastern Hemisphere and Southern Hemisphere
  • Africa
    • • Horn of Africa
        • Republic of Somaliland is regarded internationally as a fully autonomous country claimed by Somalia, although it meets all criteria of Montevideo Convention.^{[7] [8]}
  • Time zone: East Africa Time (UTC+03)

Administrative divisions of Somaliland

Administrative divisions of Somaliland

• Regions of Somaliland
  • Districts of Somaliland
    • Cities in Somaliland

Regions of Somaliland

Regions of Somaliland

• Awdal
• Maroodi Jeeh
• Sahil
• Sool
• Togdheer
• Sanaag

Administrative districts of Somaliland

The regions are divided into eighteen administrative districts.

• Sheikh
• Berbera
• Baki
• Borama
• Zeila
  • Lughaya Aynabo
• Las Anod
• Taleh
• Hudun
• Odweyne
• Buhoodle
• Gabiley
• Hargeisa
• Burao
• El Afweyn
• Erigavo
• Lasqoray

Cities in Somaliland

The main cities and towns in Somaliland:

• Hargeisa (Hargeysa), capital
• Burco (Burao)
• Boorama (Borama)
• Berbera
• Ceerigaabo (Erigabo)
• Las Anod (Laascaanood)
• Gabiley (Gabileh)
• Baligubadle
• Zeila (Saylac)
• Odweyne
• Lasqoray

Demography of Somaliland

Demographics of Somaliland

Presidents of the Somaliland

See main article: List of Presidents of Somaliland.

See main article: President of Somaliland.

• Abdirahman Ahmed Ali Tuur

1991–1993

• Muhammad Haji Ibrahim Egal

1993–2002

• Dahir Riyale Kahin

2002–2010

• Ahmed Mohamed Mohamoud

2010–2017

• Muse Bihi Abdi

2017–

Government and politics of Somaliland

Politics of Somaliland

• Form of government:
• Capital of Somaliland: Hargeisa
• Elections in Somaliland
• Political parties in Somaliland

Branches of the government of Somaliland

Government of Somaliland

Executive branch of the government of Somaliland

• Head of state and head of government, 5th President of Somaliland, Muse Bihi Abdi
  • 6th Vice President of Somaliland, Abdirahman Saylici
• Cabinet of Somaliland

Legislative branch of the government of Somaliland

• Parliament of Somaliland (bicameral)

Judicial branch of the government of Somaliland

Judiciary of Somaliland

Foreign relations of Somaliland

Foreign relations of Somaliland

• Diplomatic missions in Somaliland
• Diplomatic missions of Somaliland

International organization membership

• None^[9]

Law and order in Somaliland

Judiciary of Somaliland

• Alcohol in Somaliland
• Cannabis in Somaliland
• Capital punishment in Somaliland
• Constitution of Somaliland
• Crime in Somaliland
  • Kidnapping and hostage taking in Somaliland
• Human rights in Somaliland
  • LGBT rights in Somaliland
• Law enforcement in Somaliland
• Marriage in Somaliland
  • Polygamy in Somaliland
• Xeer

Military of Somaliland

Military of Somaliland

• Command
  • Commander-in-chief: Nuh Ismail Tani
    • Ministry of Defence of Somaliland
• Forces
  • Army of Somaliland
  • Navy of Somaliland
  • National Intelligence Agency (Somaliland)

Local government in Somaliland

Local government in Somaliland

History of Somaliland

History of Somaliland

• Isaaq Sultanate
• State of Somaliland
• Somaliland Declaration of Independence
• 2001 Somaliland constitutional referendum
• Current events of Somaliland
• Puntland–Somaliland dispute

Culture of Somaliland

Culture of Somaliland

• Architecture of Somaliland
• Cuisine of Somaliland
• Languages of Somaliland
• Media in Somaliland
• National symbols of Somaliland
  • Coat of arms of Somaliland
  • Flag of Somaliland
  • National anthem of Somaliland
• Public holidays in Somaliland
• Religion in Somaliland
  • Islam in Somaliland
  • Christianity in Somaliland
    • Roman Catholicism in Somaliland

Art in Somaliland

• Somali art
• Cinema of Somaliland
  • Somaliwood
• Literature of Somaliland
• Music of Somaliland

Sports in Somaliland

Sports in Somaliland

• Somaliland national football team
• Somaliland League
• Somaliland Cup
• Somaliland Football
• Somaliland national basketball team

Economy and infrastructure of Somaliland

Economy of Somaliland

• Agriculture in Somalia
• Banking in Somaliland
  • Bank of Somaliland
• Communications in Somaliland
  • Internet in Somaliland
• Companies of Somaliland
• Currency of Somaliland

Shilling

• • ISO 4217

None

• Economic history of Somaliland
• Energy in Somaliland
• Health care in Somaliland
• Mining in Somaliland
• Somaliland Stock Exchange
• Tourism in Somaliland
• Telecommunications in Somaliland
• Transport in Somaliland
  • Airports in Somaliland

Education in Somaliland

Education in Somaliland

• National Library of Somaliland
• Universities in Somaliland

See also

Somaliland

• Index of Somaliland-related articles
• List of international rankings
• List of Somaliland-related topics
• Outline of Africa
• Outline of geography

External links

• Somaliland official website
• Democracy Comes of Age in Somaliland Contemporary Review, 2005, Stefan Simanowitz
• Somaliland BBC Country Profile
• Somaliland - Interest free but not yet Shari’ah-compliant economy
• United Kingdom parliamentary debate on recognition of Somaliland, February 4, 2004 led by Tony Worthington
• Somaliland recognition finds enhanced support

Notes and References

1. Web site: The Transitional Federal Charter of the Somali Republic . . 2004-02-01 . 2010-02-02 . dead . https://web.archive.org/web/20081218004011/http://www.chr.up.ac.za/hr_docs/countries/docs/charterfeb04.pdf . 2008-12-18 . "The Somali Republic shall have the following boundaries. (a) North; Gulf of Aden. (b) North West; Djibouti. (c) West; Ethiopia. (d) South south-west; Kenya. (e) East; Indian Ocean."
2. News: Somaliland Marks Independence After 73 Years of British Rule . fee required . The New York Times . 6 . 1960-06-26 . 2008-06-20.
3. News: How Britain said farewell to its Empire . BBC News . 2010-07-23.
4. Encyclopædia Britannica, The New Encyclopædia Britannica, (Encyclopædia Britannica: 2002), p.835
5. Web site: The dawn of the Somali nation-state in 1960 . Buluugleey.com . 2009-02-25 . dead . https://web.archive.org/web/20090116055005/http://www.buluugleey.com/warkiidanbe/Governance.htm . 2009-01-16 .
6. Web site: The making of a Somalia state . Strategypage.com . 2006-08-09 . 2009-02-25.
7. Web site: The Transitional Federal Charter of the Somali Republic . . 2004-02-01 . 2010-02-02 . dead . https://web.archive.org/web/20081218004011/http://www.chr.up.ac.za/hr_docs/countries/docs/charterfeb04.pdf . 2008-12-18 . "The Somali Republic shall have the following boundaries. (a) North; Gulf of Aden. (b) North West; Djibouti. (c) West; Ethiopia. (d) South south-west; Kenya. (e) East; Indian Ocean."
8. News: No Winner Seen in Somalia's Battle With Chaos . New York Times . 2009-06-02 . 2010-02-02. Jeffrey. Gettleman.
9. https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/somalia/ CIA - The World Factbook - Somalia