Outline of Canada explained

See also: Index of Canada-related articles and List of Canada-related topics by provinces and territories.

The following outline is provided as an overview of and topical guide to Canada:

Canada is a North American country consisting of ten provinces and three territories. Located in the northern part of the continent, it extends from the Atlantic Ocean in the east to the Pacific Ocean in the west and northward into the Arctic Ocean.^[1] It is the world's second largest country by total area, and shares land borders with the United States to the south and northwest, and marine borders with France and Greenland on the east and northeast, respectively.

The lands have been inhabited for millennia by various groups of aboriginal peoples. Beginning in the late 15th century, British and French expeditions explored and later settled the Atlantic coast. France ceded nearly all of its colonies in North America in 1763 after the Seven Years' War.In 1867, with the union of three British North American colonies through Confederation, Canada was formed as a federal dominion of four provinces.^{[2] [3] [4]} This began an accretion of additional provinces and territories and a process of increasing autonomy from the United Kingdom, highlighted by the Statute of Westminster in 1931 and culminating in the Canada Act in 1982 which severed the vestiges of legal dependence on the British parliament.

Canada is a federation that is governed as a parliamentary democracy and a constitutional monarchy with King Charles III as its head of state. It is a bilingual and multicultural country, with both English and French as official languages at the federal level. Technologically advanced and industrialized, Canada maintains a diversified economy that is heavily reliant upon its abundant natural resources and upon trade—particularly with the United States, with which Canada has a long and complex relationship.

General reference

• Pronunciation
• Common English country name: Canada
• Official English country name: Canada
• Common endonym: Canada
• Official endonym: Canada
• Adjectival: Canadian, Canada
• Demonym: Canadian (Fr. canadien)
• Etymology: Name of Canada
• Official languages : English, French
• ISO country codes: CA, CAN, 124
• ISO region codes: See
• Internet country code top-level domain: .ca
• International rankings of Canada

Geography

Geography of Canada

• Canada is...
  • a country
    • a nation state
    • a Commonwealth Realm
    • a federation
    • a member state of NATO
• Location:
  • Northern Hemisphere, Western Hemisphere
    • Americas
      • North America
        • Northern America
  • Time zones (Time in Canada):
    • Newfoundland Standard Time, Newfoundland Daylight Time
    • Atlantic Standard Time (UTC-04), Atlantic Daylight Time (UTC-03)
    • Eastern Standard Time (UTC-05), Eastern Daylight Time (UTC-04)
    • Central Standard Time (UTC-06), Central Daylight Time (UTC-05)
    • Mountain Standard Time (UTC-07), Mountain Daylight Time (UTC-06)
    • Pacific Standard Time (UTC-08), Pacific Daylight Time (UTC-07)
  • Extreme points of Canada
    • North: Cape Columbia, Nunavut - (83°08' N, 74°13'W)
    • South: Middle Island, Ontario - (41°41'N, 82°40'W)
    • East: Cape Spear, Newfoundland - (47°31'N, 52°37'W)
    • West: Yukon-Alaska border - (141°00'W)
    • High: Mount Logan, Yukon 59590NaN0
    • Low: North Atlantic Ocean, Arctic Ocean, and North Pacific Ocean 0 m
  • Land boundaries:

United States 8893km (5,526miles)^[5]

Greenland 1280m (4,200feet) (on Hans Island)

• • Coastline: 202080km (125,570miles)^[6]
• Population of Canada: 36,991,981 people (2021 Census^[7]) - 36th most populous country
• Area of Canada: 9984670km2 - 2nd most extensive country
• Atlas of Canada

Environment

thumb|An enlargeable satellite image of Canada

Environment of Canada

• Climate of Canada
• Environmental issues in Canada
  • Fires in Canada
• Ecoregions in Canada
• Renewable energy in Canada
• Geology of Canada
  • Earthquakes in Canada
• National parks of Canada
• Protected areas of Canada
• Wildlife of Canada
  • Flora of Canada
  • Fauna of Canada
    • Birds of Canada
    • Mammals of Canada

Geographic features

See main article: Landforms of Canada.

• Canadian Arctic
• Fjords of Canada
• Glaciers of Canada
• Islands of Canada
• Lakes of Canada
  • Great Lakes

• Mountain peaks of Canada
  • The 100 Highest mountain peaks of Canada
  • The 142 Most prominent mountain peaks of Canada
  • The 100 Most isolated mountain peaks of Canada
  • Appalachian Mountains
  • Pacific Cordillera
  • Rocky Mountains
  • Volcanoes of Canada
• Prairies of Canada
• Rivers of Canada
  • Waterfalls of Canada
• Valleys of Canada
• World Heritage Sites in Canada
• Other
  • Canadian Shield
  • St. Lawrence Lowlands
  • List of National Historic Sites of Canada

Regions

See main article: List of regions of Canada and Regions of Canada.

• Northern Canada (The North)
• Western Canada
  • Prairies
• Eastern Canada
  • Central Canada
  • Atlantic Canada
    • Maritimes

Other regions

• English Canada, sometimes known as the Rest of Canada (excluding Quebec) when considering topics of language
• French Canada
• Acadia
• Quebec-Windsor Corridor

Ecoregions

See main article: Ecoregions of Canada (disambiguation).

Provinces and territories

Provinces and territories of Canada

Provinces

Province, with flag	Postal abbreviation/ ISO code	Other abbreviations	Capital	Entered Confederation	Population (2016)^[8]	Area (km^2)
						Land	Water	Total
^1	ON	Ont.	Toronto	July 1, 1867	13,448,494	917,741	158,654	1,076,395
^1	QC	Que., PQ, P.Q.	Quebec City		8,164,361	1,356,128	185,928	1,542,056
^2	NS	N.S.	Halifax		923,598	53,338	1,946	55,284
^2	NB	N.B.	Fredericton		747,101	71,450	1,458	72,908
^3	MB	Man.	Winnipeg	July 15, 1870	1,278,365	553,556	94,241	647,797
^2	BC	B.C.	Victoria	July 20, 1871	4,648,055	925,186	19,549	944,735
^2	PE	PEI, P.E.I., P.E. Island	Charlottetown	July 1, 1873	142,907	5,660	—	5,660
^4	SK	Sask., SK, SKWN	Regina	September 1, 1905	1,098,352	591,670	59,366	651,036
^4	AB	Alta.	Edmonton		4,067,175	642,317	19,531	661,848
^5	NL	Nfld., NF, LB	St. John's	March 31, 1949	519,716	373,872	31,340	405,212

Notes:

1. Immediately prior to Confederation, Ontario and Quebec were part of the Province of Canada.
2. Nova Scotia, New Brunswick, British Columbia, and Prince Edward Island were separate colonies at the time of joining Canada.
3. Manitoba was established simultaneously with Northwest Territories.
4. Saskatchewan and Alberta were created out of land that had been part of Northwest Territories.
5. Prior to its entry in Confederation, Newfoundland had been a Dominion within the British Commonwealth, but due to a financial crisis during the Depression had surrendered its right to self-government and was under direct British governance.

Territories

There are currently three territories in Canada. Unlike the provinces, the territories of Canada have no inherent jurisdiction and only have those powers delegated to them by the federal government.

Territory, with flag	Postal abbreviation/ ISO code	Other abbreviations	Capital	Entered Confederation	Population (2007)	Area (km^2)
						Land	Water	Total
	NT	N.W.T., NWT	Yellowknife	July 15, 1870	41,786	1,183,085	163,021	1,346,106
	YT	Y.T., YK	Whitehorse	June 13, 1898	35,874	474,391	8,052	482,443
	NU	NV	Iqaluit	April 1, 1999	35,944	1,936,113	157,077	2,093,190

Note: Canada did not acquire any new land to create Yukon, Alberta, Saskatchewan, or Nunavut. All of these originally formed part of Northwest Territories.

Municipalities

Municipalities of Canada

• Cities of Canada
  • Capital of Canada: Ottawa

Demography

Demography of Canada

• Canadians
• Immigration to Canada
• Aboriginal peoples in Canada

Demographics by political division

Provinces

• Demographics of Alberta
• Demographics of British Columbia
  • Demographics of Vancouver (city)
• Demographics of Manitoba
• Demographics of New Brunswick
• Demographics of Newfoundland and Labrador
• Demographics of Nova Scotia

• Demographics of Ontario
  • Demographics of Toronto (city)
• Demographics of Prince Edward Island
• Demographics of Quebec
  • Demographic history of Quebec
  • Demographics of Montreal (city)
• Demographics of Saskatchewan

Territories

• Demographics of Northwest Territories
• Demographics of Nunavut
• Demographics of the Yukon

Government and politics

Politics of Canada

• Form of government: constitutional monarchy and democratic parliamentary federation
• Capital of Canada: Ottawa
• Provinces and territories of Canada
• Canadian and American politics compared
• Canadian and Australian politics compared
• Canadian Conservatism
• List of Canadian federal general elections
• Canadian Nationalism
• Elections in Canada
  • Electoral ridings
  • Electoral system
  • List of elections
• Federalism in Canada
• Human rights in Canada
• Liberalism in Canada
• Political culture of Canada
• Political parties in Canada
• Political scandals of Canada
• Progressivism in Canada
• Socialism and Social Democracy in Canada
• Taxation in Canada

Branches of the government

Politics of Canada

Executive branch of the government

• Head of state: Charles III, King of Canada
  • Governor General of Canada, the King's representative: Mary Simon
    • King's Privy Council for Canada
      • Prime Minister (Justin Trudeau)
      • Cabinet (Twenty-Eighth Ministry)
      • Ministries
      • President of the King's Privy Council
      • Privy Council Office
      • Clerk of the Privy Council

Government of Canada

• Head of government: Justin Trudeau, Prime Minister of Canada
  • Cabinet of Canada (Majority government)

Legislative branch of the government

• Parliament of Canada
  • The King
  • Senate of Canada
    • Speaker of the Senate of Canada
  • House of Commons of Canada
    • Speaker of the House of Commons of Canada

Judicial branch of the government

Court system of Canada

• Supreme Court of Canada
• Appellate Courts of the provinces and territories
  • Alberta Court of Appeal
  • British Columbia Court of Appeal
  • Manitoba Court of Appeal
  • New Brunswick Court of Appeal
  • Court of Appeal of Newfoundland and Labrador
  • Court of Appeal for the Northwest Territories
  • Nova Scotia Court of Appeal
  • Nunavut Court of Appeal
  • Court of Appeal for Ontario
  • Court of Appeal of Prince Edward Island
  • Quebec Court of Appeal
  • Saskatchewan Court of Appeal
  • Court of Appeal of the Yukon Territory
• Superior-level trial courts of the provinces and territories
  • Court of King's Bench of Alberta
  • Supreme Court of British Columbia
  • Court of King's Bench of Manitoba
  • Court of King's Bench of New Brunswick
    • • Supreme Court of Newfoundland and Labrador Supreme Court of the Northwest Territories
  • Supreme Court of Nova Scotia
  • Nunavut Court of Justice
  • Ontario Superior Court of Justice
  • Supreme Court of Prince Edward Island
  • Quebec Superior Court
  • Court of King's Bench for Saskatchewan
  • Supreme Court of the Yukon Territory

Foreign relations

Foreign relations of Canada

• Canadian peacekeeping

• Canadian Confederation
• Australia–Canada relations
• Canada–Caribbean relations
  • Barbados–Canada relations
  • Canada–Cuba relations
  • Canada–Grenada relations
  • Canada–Haiti relations
  • Canada–Jamaica relations
• Canada–Croatia relations
• Canada–Cyprus relations
• Canada–Czech Republic relations
• Canada–Denmark relations
• Canada–Egypt relations
• Canada–Estonia relations
• Canada–Ethiopia relations
• Canada–Finland relations
• Canada–France relations
• Canada–Georgia relations
• Canada–Germany relations
• Canada–Greece relations
• Canada–Holy See relations
• Canada–Hungary relations
• Canada–Iceland relations
• Canada–India relations
• Canada–Indonesia relations
• Canada–Ireland relations

• Canada–Israel relations
• Canada–Italy relations
• Canada–Japan relations
• Canada–Kazakhstan relations
• Canada–Kenya relations
• Canada–Kosovo relations
• Canada-Latin America relations
  • Brazilian–Canadian relations
  • Canada–Chile relations
  • Canada–Colombia relations
  • Canada–Panama relations
  • Canada–Paraguay relations
  • Canada–Peru relations
  • Canada–Uruguay relations
  • Canada–Venezuela relations
• Canada–Mexico relations
• Canada–Latvia relations
• Canada–Lebanon relations
• Canada–Lithuania relations
• Canada–Luxembourg relations
• Canada–Malaysia relations
• Canada–Malta relations
• Canada–Mongolia relations
• Canada–Montenegro relations
• Canada–Morocco relations
• Canada–Netherlands relations

• Canada–New Zealand relations
• Canada–Nigeria relations
• Canada–Norway relations
• Canada–Pakistan relations
• Canada–People's Republic of China relations
• Canada–Philippines relations
• Canada–Poland relations
• Canada–Romania relations
• Canada–Russia relations
• Canada–Saudi Arabia relations
• Canada–Serbia relations
• Canada–Singapore relations
• Canada–Slovakia relations
• Canada–Slovenia relations
• Canada–South Korea relations
• Canada–Soviet Union relations
• Canada–Spain relations
• Canada–Sweden relations
• Canada–Switzerland relations
• Canada–Thailand relations
• Canada–Tunisia relations
• Canada–Turkey relations
• Canada–Ukraine relations
• Canada–United Kingdom relations
• Canada – United States relations
• Canada–Vietnam relations
• Canada–Zimbabwe relations

International organization membership

Canada is a member of:^[1]

• African Development Bank Group (AfDB) (nonregional member)
• African Union/United Nations Hybrid operation in Darfur (UNAMID)
• Arctic Council
• Asian Development Bank (ADB) (nonregional member)
• Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation (APEC)
• Association of Caribbean States (ACS) (observer and partner)
• Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) (dialogue partner)
• Association of Southeast Asian Nations Regional Forum (ARF)
• Australia Group
• Bank for International Settlements (BIS)
• Caribbean Development Bank (CDB)
• Caribbean Postal Union (CPU)
• Commonwealth of Nations
• Council of Europe (CE) (observer)
• Euro-Atlantic Partnership Council (EAPC)
• European Bank for Reconstruction and Development (EBRD)
• European Space Agency (ESA) (cooperating state)
• Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO)
• Group of Seven (G7)
• Group of Eight (G8)
• Group of Ten (G10)
• Group of Twenty Finance Ministers and Central Bank Governors (G20)
• Inter-American Development Bank (IADB)
• International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA)
• International Bank for Reconstruction and Development (IBRD)
• International Chamber of Commerce (ICC)
• International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO)
• International Criminal Court (ICCt)
• International Criminal Police Organization (Interpol)
• International Development Association (IDA)
• International Energy Agency (IEA)
• International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies (IFRCS)
• International Finance Corporation (IFC)
• International Fund for Agricultural Development (IFAD)
• International Hydrographic Organization (IHO)
• International Labour Organization (ILO)
• International Maritime Organization (IMO)
• International Mobile Satellite Organization (IMSO)
• International Monetary Fund (IMF)
• International Olympic Committee (IOC)
• International Organization for Migration (IOM)
• International Organization for Standardization (ISO)
• International Red Cross and Red Crescent Movement (ICRM)
• International Telecommunication Union (ITU)

• International Telecommunications Satellite Organization (ITSO)
• International Trade Union Confederation (ITUC)
• Inter-Parliamentary Union (IPU)
• Multilateral Investment Guarantee Agency (MIGA)
• Nonaligned Movement (NAM) (guest)
• North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA)
• North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO)
• Nuclear Energy Agency (NEA)
• Nuclear Suppliers Group (NSG)
• Organisation internationale de la Francophonie (OIF)
• Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD)
• Organization for Security and Cooperation in Europe (OSCE)
• Organisation for the Prohibition of Chemical Weapons (OPCW)
• Organization of American States (OAS)
• Pacific Islands Forum (PIF) (observer)
• Paris Club
• ParlAmericas
• Permanent Court of Arbitration (PCA) (partner)
• Postal Union of the Americas, Spain and Portugal
• Southeast European Cooperative Initiative (SECI)
• United Nations (UN)
• United Nations Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTAD)
• United Nations Disengagement Observer Force (UNDOF)
• United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organization (UNESCO)
• United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR)
• United Nations Mission in the Sudan (UNMIS)
• United Nations Organization Mission in the Democratic Republic of the Congo (MONUC)
• United Nations Peacekeeping Force in Cyprus (UNFICYP)
• United Nations Relief and Works Agency for Palestine Refugees in the Near East (UNRWA)
• United Nations Stabilization Mission in Haiti (MINUSTAH)
• United Nations Truce Supervision Organization (UNTSO)
• Universal Postal Union (UPU)
• World Confederation of Labour (WCL)
• World Customs Organization (WCO)
• World Federation of Trade Unions (WFTU)
• World Health Organization (WHO)
• World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO)
• World Meteorological Organization (WMO)
• World Tourism Organization (UNWTO)
• World Trade Organization (WTO)
• Zangger Committee (ZC)

Legal system

Law of Canada

• Canadian Aboriginal law
• Canada Bank Act
• Canadian Bill of Rights
• Canadian competition law
• Constitution of Canada
• Canadian content
• Canadian contract law
• Canadian copyright law
• Canadian corporation
• Crime in Canada
• Canadian family law
• Criminal law of Canada
  • Criminal Code
• Law enforcement in Canada
  • List of law enforcement agencies in Canada

Military

Military of Canada

• Command structure
  • Commander-in-chief: Governor General of Canada (nominally, see also The Canadian Crown and the Canadian Forces)
  • Prime Minister of Canada (de facto Commander-in-chief)
    • Minister of National Defence
      • Chief of the Defence Staff
        • Royal Canadian Navy (RCN), command of the Navy;
        • Canadian Army (CA) command of the Army;
        • Royal Canadian Air Force (RCAF), command of the Air Force.
        • Canadian Joint Operations Command (CJOC), responsible for all operations except special forces;
        • Canadian Special Operations Forces Command (CANSOFCOM), responsible for special forces operations within Canada and abroad.
• Canadian Forces
  • Army: Canadian Army
  • Navy: Royal Canadian Navy
  • Air force: Royal Canadian Air Force
  • Special forces: Canadian Special Operations Forces Command
  • Military reserve force: Canadian Forces reserve force
    • Canadian Forces Primary Reserve
    • Canadian Forces Supplementary Reserve
    • Canadian Rangers
    • Cadet Instructors Cadre
• Canadian Coast Guard

Provincial governments

• Government of Alberta
• Government of British Columbia
  • Government of Vancouver (city)
• Government of Manitoba
  • Legislative Assembly of Manitoba
  • Monarchy in Manitoba
• Government of New Brunswick
• Government of Newfoundland and Labrador
• Government of Nova Scotia

• Government of Ontario
  • City of Toronto government (city)
• Government of Prince Edward Island
• Government of Quebec
  • Government of Montreal (city)
• Government of Saskatchewan

Territory governments

• Government of the Northwest Territories
• Government of Nunavut
• Government of the Yukon

Politics by political division

Provinces

• Politics of Alberta
  • Politics of Calgary (city)
• Politics of British Columbia
  • Politics of Vancouver (city)
• Politics of Manitoba
• Politics of New Brunswick
• Politics of Newfoundland and Labrador
• Politics of Nova Scotia

• Politics of Ontario
  • Politics of Ottawa
  • Politics of Toronto (city)
• Politics of Prince Edward Island
• Politics of Quebec

• Politics of Saskatchewan

Territories

• Politics of Northwest Territories
• Politics of Nunavut
• Politics of the Yukon

History

See main article: History of Canada, List of years in Canada and Historiography of Canada.

• Former Colonies and Territories in Canada
• Constitutional history of Canada
• History of immigration to Canada
• Economic history of Canada
• Fires in Canada
• Military history of Canada
• History of monarchy in Canada
• Persons of National Historic Significance
• Territorial evolution of Canada (1867–present)

History of Canada by period

• Pre-Columbian era (Canada)
• 1534–1763: New France
• 1764-1867: Canada under British Imperial Control
• 1867–1914: Post-Confederation Canada
• 1914–1945: Canada in the World Wars and Interwar Years
• 1945–1960
• 1960–1981
• 1982–1992
• 1992–present

History of Canada by political division

Provinces

• History of Alberta
• History of British Columbia
  • History of Vancouver (city)
• History of Manitoba
• History of New Brunswick
• History of Newfoundland and Labrador
• History of Nova Scotia

• History of Ontario
  • History of Toronto (city)
• History of Prince Edward Island
• History of Quebec
  • Demographic history of Quebec
  • History of Montreal (city)
• History of Saskatchewan

Territories

• History of Nunavut
• History of the Northwest Territories
• History of the Yukon

Culture

Culture of Canada

• Age and internet use in Canada
• Alcoholic beverages in Canada
• Architecture of Canada
  • Gothic Revival architecture in Canada
  • Oldest buildings in Canada
• Cuisine of Canada
  • Supermarket Chains in Canada
• Decorations and medals of Canada (in order of precedence)
• Festivals in Canada
• Humour in Canada
• Languages of Canada
  • Canadian Aboriginal syllabics
  • Official bilingualism in Canada
  • Canadian English
  • Canadian French
• Media in Canada
• Symbols of Canada
  • National symbols of Canada
    • Coat of arms of Canada
    • Flag of Canada
    • National anthem of Canada
  • Royal symbols of Canada
• Canadians
  • Canadian identity
    • Canadian nationalism
    • Canadian cultural protectionism
  • Ethnic groups in Canada
    • History of immigration to Canada
• Prostitution in Canada
• Public holidays in Canada
• World Heritage Sites in Canada

Culture by political division

Provinces

• Culture of Alberta
• Culture of British Columbia
  • Culture of Vancouver (city)
• Culture of Manitoba
• Culture of New Brunswick

• Culture of Nova Scotia
• Culture of Ontario
  • Culture of Hamilton, Ontario (city)
  • Culture of Toronto (city)
• Culture of Prince Edward Island
• Culture of Quebec
  • Culture of Montreal (city)
• Culture of Saskatchewan

Territories

• Culture of Northwest Territories
• Culture of Nunavut
• Culture of the Yukon

Art in Canada

• Art in Canada
  • Canadian Artists
  • Museums in Alberta
  • Museums in British Columbia
  • Museums in Manitoba
  • Museums in New Brunswick
  • Museums in Newfoundland and Labrador
  • Museums in Ontario
  • Museums in Quebec
  • Museums in Saskatchewan
• Cinema of Canada
  • Canadian Film Awards
• Canadian comics
  • Central Canada Comic Con
• Literature of Canada
  • Canadian writers
• Television in Canada
• Theatre of Canada
  • Canadian playwrights

Music

Music of Canada

• Canadian blues
• Canadian classical music
• Canadian hip hop
• Canadian Idol
• Canadian rock
• Caribbean music in Canada
• Music of Canadian cultures

=Provinces

=

• Music of Alberta
• Music of British Columbia
  • Music of Vancouver (city)
• Music of Manitoba
• Music of New Brunswick
• Music of Newfoundland and Labrador
• Music of Nova Scotia
• Music of Ontario
  • Music of Toronto (city)
• Music of Prince Edward Island
• Music of Quebec
  • Music of Montreal (city)
• Music of Saskatchewan

=Territories

=

• Music of Northwest Territories
• Music of Nunavut
• Music of the Yukon

Religion in Canada

• Religion in Canada
  • Buddhism in Canada
  • Christianity in Canada
    • Roman Catholicism in Canada
  • Hinduism in Canada
  • Islam in Canada
  • Judaism in Canada
  • Sikhism in Canada
• Irreligion in Canada

Sport in Canada

Sport in CanadaOfficial Sports

• Ice hockey
• Lacrosse

Other sports

• Canadian football
• Canada at the Olympics
• Canada Rugby League
• Canadian Curling Association
• Canadian Figure Skating
• Association Football (Soccer) in Canada
• Cross Country Skiing
• Snowboarding in Canada

Hall of Fame Museums

• Hockey Hall of Fame
• Canadian Curling Hall of Fame
• Skate Canada Hall of Fame
• Canadian Lacrosse Hall of Fame

Economy and infrastructure

Economy of Canada

• Economic rank, by nominal GDP (2007): 9th (ninth)
• Agriculture in Canada
• Banking in Canada
  • Banks in Canada
    • National Bank of Canada
• Communications in Canada
  • Internet in Canada
• Companies of Canada
• List of convention and exhibition centres
• Currency of Canada: Dollar
  • ISO 4217

CAD

• Economic history of Canada
• Energy in Canada
  • Geothermal power in Canada
• Health care in Canada
  • Emergency medical services in Canada
• Mining in Canada
• Science and technology in Canada
• Stock exchanges:

• CNQ

• Nasdaq Canada

• Toronto Stock Exchange, S&P/TSX 60 is the main index of TSX

• TSX Venture Exchange

• Winnipeg Commodity Exchange

• Montreal Exchange
• Tourism in Canada
  • Niagara Falls
• Transport in Canada
  • Airports in Canada
  • Rail transport in Canada
  • Roads in Canada
• Water supply and sanitation in Canada

Economics by political division

Provinces

• Economy of Alberta
• Economy of British Columbia
  • Economy of Vancouver (city)
• Economy of Manitoba
• Economy of New Brunswick
• Economy of Newfoundland and Labrador
• Economy of Nova Scotia
• Economy of Ontario
  • Economy of Toronto (city)
• Economy of Prince Edward Island
• Economy of Quebec
  • Demographic history of Quebec
  • Economy of Montreal (city)
• Economy of Saskatchewan

Territories

• Economy of Northwest Territories
• Economy of Nunavut
• Economy of the Yukon

Education in Canada

See main article: Education in Canada and Higher education in Canada.

Education by political division

Provinces

• Education in Alberta
• Education in British Columbia
• Education in Manitoba
• Education in New Brunswick
• Education in Newfoundland and Labrador

• Education in Nova Scotia
• Education in Ontario
• Education in Prince Edward Island
• Education in Quebec
• Education in Saskatchewan

Territories

• Education in Northwest Territories
• Education in Nunavut
• Education in the Yukon

Higher Education by political division

Provinces

• Higher education in Alberta
• Higher education in British Columbia
• Higher education in Manitoba
• Higher education in New Brunswick
• Higher education in Newfoundland and Labrador

• Higher education in Nova Scotia
• Higher education in Ontario
• Higher education in Prince Edward Island
• Higher education in Quebec
• Higher education in Saskatchewan

Territories

• Higher education in Northwest Territories
• Higher education in Nunavut
• Higher education in the Yukon

Bibliographies

• Bibliography of Canada
  • Bibliography of Canadian history
    • Bibliography of Canadian military history
      • Bibliography of the 1837-1838 insurrections in Lower Canada
      • List of books about the War of 1812
• Bibliography of Canadian provinces and territories
  • Bibliography of Alberta history
  • Bibliography of British Columbia
  • Bibliography of New Brunswick
  • Bibliography of Nova Scotia
  • Bibliography of Ontario
  • Bibliography of Saskatchewan history
• List of books about prime ministers of Canada

See also

• • • • • List of international rankings
• Member state of the Commonwealth of Nations
• Member state of the Group of Twenty Finance Ministers and Central Bank Governors
• Member state of the North Atlantic Treaty Organization
• Member state of the United Nations
• Metrication in Canada

External links

• Wikimedia Canada

Government

• Official website of the Government of Canada
• Official website of the Prime Minister of Canada
• Official website of the Governor General of Canada
• Official website of the Canadian Forces
• Official Government of Canada online Atlas of Canada
• Canada and the United Nations

Crown corporations

• Canadian Broadcasting Corporation
• Canada Post
• Canadian Tourism Commission

Other

• Culture.ca — Canada's Cultural Gateway
• Culturescope.ca — Canadian Cultural Observatory
• Canadian Studies: A Guide to the Sources
• Statistics Canada with Canada's population clock
• The Canadian Atlas Online
• Canada. The World Factbook. Central Intelligence Agency.
• UN Human Development Program: Country Fact Sheet: Canada (link broken), Statistics — Country Sheet: Canada
  • Canada from The Canadian Encyclopedia

Notes and References

1. Web site: July 8, 2009. Canada. The World Factbook. United States Central Intelligence Agency. July 23, 2009.
2. Web site: Territorial evolution . Atlas of Canada . Natural Resources Canada . 2007-10-09 . In 1867, the colonies of Canada, Nova Scotia and New Brunswick are united in a federal state, the Dominion of Canada.... . dead . https://web.archive.org/web/20070809154930/http://atlas.nrcan.gc.ca/site/english/maps/reference/anniversary_maps/terr_evol . 2007-08-09 .
3. Web site: Canada: History. Country Profiles. Commonwealth Secretariat. 2007-10-09. The British North America Act of 1867 brought together four British colonies ... in one federal Dominion under the name of Canada.. dead. https://web.archive.org/web/20071012021238/http://www.thecommonwealth.org/YearbookInternal/145152/history/. 2007-10-12.
4. Encyclopedia: Hillmer. Norman . W. David MacIntyre . Commonwealth. Canadian Encyclopedia . Historica Project . 2007-10-09. With CONFEDERATION in 1867, Canada became the first federation in the British Empire ... .
5. The total length of the land border between Canada and the United States is the longest between any two countries.
6. The coastline of Canada is the longest in the world. The total length of the coast of Canada is more than five times as long as the circumference of the Earth.
7. Web site: Government of Canada. Statistics Canada. December 15, 2022. Census Profile, 2021 Census - Canada [Country] ]. January 24, 2023. www12.statcan.gc.ca.
8. Web site: Population and dwelling counts, for Canada, provinces and territories, 2016 and 2011 censuses – 100% data . 8 February 2017 . Statistics Canada . July 17, 2020.