Our Lady and the English Martyrs Church explained

Our Lady and the English Martyrs
Fullname:Church of Our Lady of the Assumption and the English Martyrs
Pushpin Map:United Kingdom Cambridge Central
Pushpin Label Position:top
Coordinates:52.1988°N 0.1273°W
Location:Hills Road
Cambridge
CB2 1JR
Country:England
Denomination:Roman Catholic
Dedication:Our Lady of the Assumption & the English Martyrs
Consecrated Date:8 October 1890
Relics:Saints Felix and Constantia
Status:Parish church
Functional Status:Active
Architect:Dunn & Hansom
Style:Gothic Revival
Years Built:1885–1890 (by Rattee and Kett)
Length:Interior: 48m (157feet)
Spire Quantity:1
Spire Height:65m (213feet)
Materials:Limestone (Casterton, Ancaster, Combe Down)
Bells:8
Bells Hung:9 including Angelus
Bell Weight: in D
Deanery:Cambridge
Diocese:East Anglia
Province:Westminster
Bishop:Rt Revd Peter Collins
Rt Revd Alan Hopes
Rector:Rt Revd Mgr Provost Eugène Harkness
Priest:Fr Adrian Gates (Hospital Chaplain)
Asstpriest:The Revd Canon Giuseppe Rizzi
Deacon:The Revd Dr Gianluca Savini
Organist:Nigel Kerry
Organscholar:Tammas Slater

The Church of Our Lady of the Assumption and the English Martyrs, also known as the Church of Our Lady and the English Martyrs (OLEM), is an English Roman Catholic parish church located at the junction of Hills Road and Lensfield Road in southeast Cambridge. It is a large Gothic Revival church built between 1885 and 1890, and is a Grade I listed building. It is the tallest building in Cambridge at 65m tall (including the spire).

Foundation

See also: Catholic Emancipation. The first post-reformation Roman Catholic church, St Andrew's Catholic Church, was opened in Cambridge in 1843;[1] this remained the only chapel available for Roman Catholics in Cambridge until the construction of OLEM. In 1865, the parish priest Canon Thomas Quinlivan acquired additional adjacent land, but funds could not be raised for construction. With the aid of the Duke of Norfolk, the Lensfield estate was purchased in 1879. The task of raising more funds fell to Quinlivan's successor, Monsignor Christopher Scott. On the Feast of the Assumption, 1884, the former ballerina Yolande Lyne-Stephens, widow of Stephens Lyne-Stephens, who was reputed to be the richest commoner in England, offered to provide £70,000 for construction of a church on the site (equivalent to £ million in).

The building work was undertaken by Rattee and Kett,[2] and began in 1885, following plans of the architects Dunn and Hansom, and the foundation stone was laid in June 1887. The construction of a new Roman Catholic church on such a prominent site, as well as its dedication to the Forty Martyrs of England and Wales, caused much controversy among local Anglicans and members of the University. Despite the ill health of Mrs Lyne-Stephens the church was completed and then consecrated on 8 October 1890. The first Mass was attended by all the Roman Catholic bishops of England and Wales except for Cardinal Manning and Bishop Vaughan. St Andrew's Church was dismantled and re-built in St Ives, Cambridgeshire as Sacred Heart Church in 1902.

History

After its opening, the church saw a great rise in the number of Catholics in the parish. This was partly due to Fr Robert Benson's reputation as a preacher, as well as Mgr Scott's work as parish priest. OLEM also hosted the 1921 Bible Congress, the greatest Catholic gathering in Cambridge since the English Reformation. Between 1922 and 1946, the church was used by the Cambridge Summer School of Catholic Studies.

In a 1941 air raid, a small bomb struck the sacristy, blowing a six-foot hole in the roof and another in the wall of the Sacred Heart chapel. The blast also shattered most of the windows and collapsed part of the organ gallery. The repairs, including replacement windows to the original designs, cost at least £35,000 (equivalent to £ million in).

Architecture

The building, one of the largest Catholic churches in the United Kingdom, is designed in the Gothic revival style and follows the traditional cruciform layout. It features a polygonal apse and a central lantern tower. The construction includes Casterton stone for the foundation, Ancaster for the plinth, the remainder being Combe Down stone. The interior is constructed in Bath stone, Plymouth marble and Newbiggin stone. The spire, the tallest in Cambridge, reaches 214 feet (65 m) and can be seen for several miles.

The stained-glass windows depict, among other things, dedications of Cambridge Colleges and scenes from the lives of English martyrs, in particular St John Fisher.

To bring the sanctuary in line with the perceived liturgical directives resulting from the Second Vatican Council (1962–1965), its design and re-ordering was done by Gerard Goalen of Harlow. On 7 April 1973, Charles Grant, the Bishop of Northampton, consecrated the present central altar. The original high altar has subsequently been used mainly for reservation of the Blessed Sacrament.

The church was upgraded to Grade I listed building in 2022 from Grade II*.

Rectory

The rectory is immediately to the south of the church and dates from around 1890. In the Tudor style, of red brick with stone dressings and a castellated slate roof, it is a Grade II listed building.[3]

Renaissance statue

The church houses a mid-16th-century statue of the virgin and child, in oak and about half life size.[4] The statue is said to have been discovered at Emmanuel College in 1850, and is supposedly the same statue that Thomas Cromwell ordered to be removed on 30 August 1538. A notice under the statue reads: "This ancient statue of Our Lady was formerly in the Dominican priory which occupied the site of Emmanuel College".

Music

The Choir of Our Lady and the English Martyrs is semi-professional and includes former university choral scholars. A second choir, the Schola Cantorum, sings almost exclusively in Latin, and sings polyphony and Gregorian chant in the weekly solemn Latin Mass.[5]

The organ was built in 1890 by Abbott and Smith to a specification by the composer Charles Villiers Stanford. The organ was renovated in 2002 by Nicholson & Co Ltd.[6]

The belfry houses a ring of eight bells hung for change ringing, with a ninth for the Angelus. All the bells were cast in 1895 by John Taylor & Co of Loughborough.[7] Each bell bears an inscription as follows:Treble B. Johannes Fisher o.p.n. (ora pro nobis) MDCCCXCV – Johannes Taylor fecitS Christophere o.p.n.; S. Felix o.p.n.; S. Gregori o.p.n.; S. Andrea o.p.n.; S. Petre o.p.n.; S. Joseph o.p.n.;Tenor Maria Immaculata Regina Angelorum o.p.n. MDCCCXCV Johannes Taylor fecitAngelus/Consecration Bell S. Thoma Cantuariensis o.p.n.

The tenor bell weighs, and is believed to be the largest in Cambridgeshire.

The chimes heard at each quarter-hour of the clock, made by Potts of Leeds, are based upon the "Alleluia" chant for the Easter Vigil.

References

  1. Web site: The Church Building . Sacred Heart Roman Catholic Church . 2011-02-28.
  2. Web site: Rattee and Kett. Capturing Cambridge. 6 October 2017.
  3. Web site: Rectory of The Church of Our Lady and The English Martyrs (Roman Catholic). Historic England. 30 August 2016.
  4. Book: Royal Commission on the Historical Monuments of England

    . An inventory of the historical monuments in the City of Cambridge . Royal Commission on Historical Monuments, England . Royal Commission on the Historical Monuments of England . . London . 1959 . 298–304 . 858489102.

  5. Web site: Choirs and Instrumental. Our Lady and the English Martyrs.
  6. Web site: The Abbott & Smith Organ. Our Lady and the English Martyrs.
  7. Web site: Cambridge—Our Lady & Eng Martyrs. Dove's Guide for Church Bell Ringers. 4 June 2008. 26 October 2009.

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External links