Academy Award for Best Actress explained

Academy Award for Best Actress
Awarded For:Best Performance by an Actress in a Leading Role
Presenter:Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS)
Country:United States
Year:1929
Holder Label:Most recent winner
Holder:Emma Stone, Poor Things (2024)
Most Awards:Katharine Hepburn (4)
Most Nominations:Meryl Streep (17)

The Academy Award for Best Actress is an award presented annually by the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS). It has been awarded since the 1st Academy Awards to an actress who has delivered an outstanding performance in a leading role in a film released that year. The award is traditionally presented by the previous year's Best Actor winner.

The Best Actress award has been presented 96 times, to 79 actresses. The first winner was Janet Gaynor for her roles in 7th Heaven, Street Angel, and . The most recent winner is Emma Stone for her role in Poor Things (2023); she had previously won the award for her role in La La Land (2016). The record for most wins is four, held by Katharine Hepburn. Frances McDormand has won three times, and thirteen other actresses have won the award twice. Meryl Streep has received the most nominations in the category—seventeen—and has won twice. With six nominations Deborah Kerr is the most nominated actress without a single win in this category. At the 41st Academy Awards, Barbra Streisand and Katharine Hepburn received the same number of votes and thus tied for Best Actress (the only time this has occurred).

Nominations process

Nominees are currently determined by single transferable vote within the actors branch of AMPAS; winners are selected by a plurality vote from the entire eligible voting members of the Academy.[1]

In the first three years of the awards, actors and actresses were nominated as the best individuals in their categories. At that time, all of their work during the qualifying period (as many as three films, in some cases) was listed after the award. Despite this, at the 3rd Academy Awards, held in 1930, only one film was cited in each winner's award regardless of how many they were eligible to be considered for during that span.[2] The current system, in which an actress is nominated for a specific performance in a single film, was introduced for the 4th Academy Awards. Starting with the 9th Academy Awards, held in 1937, the category was limited to a maximum five nominations per year.

Winners and nominees

In the following table, the years are listed as per Academy convention, and generally correspond to the year of film release in Los Angeles County; the ceremonies are always held the following year. For the first five ceremonies, the eligibility period spanned twelve months, from August 1 to July 31. For the 6th ceremony held in 1934, the eligibility period lasted from August 1, 1932, to December 31, 1933. Since the 7th ceremony held in 1935, the period of eligibility became the full previous calendar year from January 1 to December 31.

Table key
‡Indicates the winner
†Indicates a posthumous nominee

1920s

YearActressRole(s)Film
1927/28
(1st) 		Diane7th Heaven[3]
AngelaStreet Angel
Sadie Thompson
1928/29
(2nd)
[4] 		Coquette[5]
Madame X
Carrie
†

1930s

YearActressRole(s)Film
1929/30
(3rd) 		[6]
Sarah and Son
Anna Christie
Romance
Their Own Desire
1930/31
(4th) 		Min and Bill[7]
Morocco
Cimarron
Holiday
1931/32
(5th) 		[8]
Emma
1932/33
(6th) 		Morning Glory[9]
Apple AnnieLady for a Day
Cavalcade
1934
(7th) 		It Happened One Night[10]
One Night of Love
(Write-in)Of Human Bondage
1935
(8th) 		Dangerous[11]
Escape Me Never
Private Worlds
Alice Adams
Becky Sharp
1936
(9th) 		[12]
Theodora Goes Wild
Valiant Is the Word for Carrie
My Man Godfrey
Romeo and Juliet
1937
(10th) 		O-Lan[13]
Camille
Stella Dallas
1938
(11th) 		Jezebel[14]
White Banners
Pygmalion
Marie Antoinette
Three Comrades
1939
(12th) 		Gone with the Wind[15]
Dark Victory
Love Affair
Ninotchka
Goodbye, Mr. Chips

1940s

YearActressRole(s)Film
1940
(13th) 		Kitty Foyle[16]
Rebecca
Our Town
1941
(14th) 		Suspicion[17]
Hold Back the Dawn
Blossoms in the Dust
Ball of Fire
1942
(15th) 		Mrs. Miniver[18]
Now, Voyager
Woman of the Year
My Sister Eileen
1943
(16th) 		[19]
MaríaFor Whom the Bell Tolls
Madame Curie
1944
(17th) 		Paula Alquist AntonGaslight[20]
Since You Went Away
Mr. Skeffington
Mrs. Parkington
Double Indemnity
1945
(18th) 		Mildred Pierce[21]
Singleton / Victoria MorlandLove Letters
Leave Her to Heaven
1946
(19th) 		To Each His Own[22]
Brief Encounter
Duel in the Sun
Sister Kenny
1947
(20th) 		[23]
Possessed
Smash-Up, the Story of a Woman
Gentleman's Agreement
Mourning Becomes Electra
1948
(21st) 		Johnny Belinda[24]
Joan of ArcJoan of Arc
I Remember Mama
Sorry, Wrong Number
1949
(22nd) 		[25]
Pinky
My Foolish Heart
Edward, My Son
MargaretCome to the Stable

1950s

YearActressRole(s)Film
1950
(23rd) 		Born Yesterday[26]
All About Eve
Caged
Sunset Boulevard
1951
(24th) 		[27]
Detective Story
1952
(25th) 		Come Back, Little Sheba[28]
Sudden Fear
With a Song in My Heart
1953
(26th) 		Roman Holiday[29]
Lili
Mogambo
From Here to Eternity
1954
(27th) 		[30]
Carmen Jones
Sabrina
Magnificent Obsession
1955
(28th) 		[31]
I'll Cry Tomorrow
Summertime
Love is a Many-Splendored Thing
Interrupted Melody
1956
(29th) 		Anastasia[32]
Baby Doll MeighanBaby Doll
1957
(30th) 		[33]
AngelaHeaven Knows, Mr. Allison
GioiaWild Is the Wind
Raintree County
Peyton Place
1958
(31st) 		I Want to Live![34]
Separate Tables
Some Came Running
Auntie Mame
Cat on a Hot Tin Roof
1959
(32nd) 		Room at the Top[35]
Pillow Talk
Suddenly, Last Summer

1960s

YearActressRole(s)Film
1960
(33rd) 		BUtterfield 8[36]
Sunrise at Campobello
IlyaNever on Sunday
1961
(34th) 		CesiraTwo Women[37] [38]
Breakfast at Tiffany's
Summer and Smoke
Splendor in the Grass
1962
(35th) 		[39]
What Ever Happened to Baby Jane?
Long Day's Journey into Night
Sweet Bird of Youth
Days of Wine and Roses
1963
(36th) 		Hud[40]
Irma la Douce
This Sporting Life
Love with the Proper Stranger
1964
(37th) 		Mary Poppins[41]
Marriage Italian Style
Séance on a Wet Afternoon
1965
(38th) 		Darling[42]
Ship of Fools
1966
(39th) 		MarthaWho's Afraid of Virginia Woolf?[43]
Georgy Girl
Morgan!
1967
(40th) 		Guess Who's Coming to Dinner[44]
Bonnie and Clyde
Wait Until Dark
1968
(41st) 		(TIE) Eleanor of Aquitaine[45]
(TIE) Funny Girl
Isadora
Rachel, Rachel
1969
(42nd) 		[46]
Anne of the Thousand Days
They Shoot Horses, Don't They?

1970s

YearActressRole(s)Film
1970
(43rd) 		Women in Love[47]
Love Story
Ryan's Daughter
Diary of a Mad Housewife
1971
(44th) 		Klute[48]
McCabe & Mrs. Miller
Sunday Bloody Sunday
Mary, Queen of ScotsMary, Queen of Scots
Nicholas and Alexandra
1972
(45th) 		Cabaret[49]
Lady Sings the Blues
Travels with My Aunt
Sounder
1973
(46th) 		[50]
Cinderella Liberty
Summer Wishes, Winter Dreams
1974
(47th) 		Alice Doesn't Live Here Anymore[51]
Claudine
Chinatown
Lenny
1975
(48th) 		One Flew Over the Cuckoo's Nest[52]
Ann-MargretTommy
Hedda
GitlHester Street
1976
(49th) 		Network[53]
MartheCousin Cousine
Rocky
Carrie
Face to Face
1977
(50th) 		Annie Hall[54]
Julia
1978
(51st) 		Coming Home[55]
Autumn Sonata
DorisSame Time, Next Year
EveInteriors
1979
(52nd) 		Norma Rae[56]
Starting Over
Chapter Two

1980s

YearActressRole(s)Film
1980
(53rd) 		Coal Miner's Daughter[57]
Resurrection
Private Benjamin
Ordinary People
Gloria
1981
(54th) 		On Golden Pond[58]
Reds
Only When I Laugh
Atlantic City
and Anna
1982
(55th) 		Sophie's Choice[59]
Victor/Victoria
Frances
Missing
1983
(56th) 		Terms of Endearment[60]
Testament
Silkwood
Educating Rita
Terms of Endearment
1984
(57th) 		Places in the Heart[61]
Country
1985
(58th) 		[62]
Agnes of God
Sweet Dreams
Out of Africa
1986
(59th) 		Children of a Lesser God[63]
Crimes of the Heart
Peggy Sue Got Married
Aliens
1987
(60th) 		Cher Moonstruck[64]
Fatal Attraction
Broadcast News
AnnaAnna
Ironweed
1988
(61st) 		[65]
Dangerous Liaisons
Working Girl
Gorillas in the Mist
1989
(62nd) 		Driving Miss Daisy[66]
Camille Claudel
Shirley Valentine
Music Box

1990s

YearActressRole(s)Film
1990
(63rd) 		Misery[67]
Pretty Woman
Postcards from the Edge
Mr. & Mrs. Bridge
1991
(64th) 		[68]
Thelma & Louise
RoseRambling Rose
For the Boys
Thelma & Louise
1992
(65th) 		Howards End[69]
French: [[Indochine (film)|Indochine]]
Passion Fish
Love Field
Lorenzo's Oil
1993
(66th) 		[70]
What's Love Got to Do with It
Six Degrees of Separation
Shadowlands
1994
(67th) 		Blue Sky[71]
Nell
Tom & Viv
Little Women
1995
(68th) 		Dead Man Walking[72]
SeraLeaving Las Vegas
Casino
Sense and Sensibility
1996
(69th) 		Fargo[73]
Secrets & Lies
Marvin's Room
Breaking the Waves
1997
(70th) 		As Good as It Gets[74]
Afterglow
Mrs Brown
Titanic
1998
(71st) 		Shakespeare in Love[75]
Elizabeth
Central Station
One True Thing
Hilary and Jackie
1999
(72nd) 		Boys Don't Cry[76]
American Beauty
Tumbleweeds
Music of the Heart

2000s

YearActressRole(s)Film
2000
(73rd) 		Erin Brockovich[77]
Chocolat
Requiem for a Dream
You Can Count on Me
2001
(74th) 		Monster's Ball[78]
Iris
SatineMoulin Rouge!
In the Bedroom
Bridget Jones's Diary
2002
(75th) 		[79]
Frida
Unfaithful
Far from Heaven
Chicago
2003
(76th) 		Monster[80]
Whale Rider
Something's Gotta Give
In America
21 Grams
2004
(77th) 		Million Dollar Baby[81]
Being Julia
Maria Full of Grace
Vera Drake
Eternal Sunshine of the Spotless Mind
2005
(78th) 		Walk the Line[82]
Mrs Henderson Presents
Transamerica
Pride & Prejudice
North Country
2006
(79th) 		[83]
RaimundaVolver
Notes on a Scandal
Little Children
2007
(80th) 		La Vie en Rose[84]
Away from Her
Juno
2008
(81st) 		[85]
Rachel Getting Married
Changeling
Frozen River
Doubt
2009
(82nd) 		[86]
Precious
Julie & Julia

2010s

YearActressRole(s)Film
2010
(83rd) 		Black Swan[87]
Rabbit Hole
Winter's Bone
Blue Valentine
2011
(84th) 		[88]
Albert Nobbs
My Week with Marilyn
2012
(85th) 		Silver Linings Playbook[89]
Zero Dark Thirty
Amour
HushpuppyBeasts of the Southern Wild
2013
(86th) 		Blue Jasmine[90]
American Hustle
Gravity
Philomena
August: Osage County
2014
(87th) 		Still Alice[91]
Two Days, One Night
Gone Girl
Wild
2015
(88th) 		Room[92]
Carol
Joy
45 Years
Brooklyn
2016
(89th) 		La La Land[93]
Elle
Loving
Jackie
Florence Foster Jenkins
2017
(90th) 		Three Billboards Outside Ebbing, Missouri[94]
I, Tonya
Lady Bird
2018
(91st) 		[95]
Roma
Can You Ever Forgive Me?
2019
(92nd) 		Judy[96]
Harriet
Marriage Story
Little Women
Bombshell

2020s

YearActressRole(s)Film
2020/21
(93rd)[97] 		FernNomadland[98]
Ma Rainey's Black Bottom
Pieces of a Woman
Promising Young Woman
2021
(94th)		 [99]
Parallel Mothers
Being the Ricardos
Spencer
2022
(95th)		 Everything Everywhere All at Once[100]
Tár
Blonde
To Leslie
2023
(96th)		 Poor Things[101]
Nyad
Killers of the Flower Moon
Anatomy of a Fall
Maestro

Multiple wins and nominations

The following individuals received two or more Best Actress awards:

WinsActressNominations
4Katharine Hepburn12
3Frances McDormand3
2Meryl Streep17
Bette Davis11
Ingrid Bergman6
Jane Fonda
Elizabeth Taylor5
Olivia de Havilland4
Glenda Jackson
Jodie Foster3
Sally Field2
Vivien Leigh
Luise Rainer
Emma Stone
Hilary Swank

The following individuals received three or more Best Actress nominations:

NominationsActress
17<--This list is only for nominations/wins in this particular category. Streep has 17 nominations in the Best Actress category. The rest of her nominations were for Best Supporting Actress.-->Meryl Streep
12Katharine Hepburn
10Bette Davis
7Greer Garson
6Ingrid Bergman
Jane Fonda
Deborah Kerr
Norma Shearer
Sissy Spacek
5Anne Bancroft
Cate Blanchett
Ellen Burstyn
Judi Dench
Irene Dunne
Susan Hayward
Audrey Hepburn
Jessica Lange
Shirley MacLaine
Susan Sarandon
Elizabeth Taylor
4Annette Bening
Glenn Close
Julie Christie
Greta Garbo
Olivia de Havilland
Glenda Jackson
Jennifer Jones
Diane Keaton
Nicole Kidman
Marsha Mason
Geraldine Page
Vanessa Redgrave
Rosalind Russell
Barbara Stanwyck
Kate Winslet
Joanne Woodward
Jane Wyman
3Julie Andrews
Claudette Colbert
Joan Crawford
Faye Dunaway
Joan Fontaine
Jodie Foster
Jennifer Lawrence
Frances McDormand
Julianne Moore
Carey Mulligan
Eleanor Parker
Saoirse Ronan
Gloria Swanson
Charlize Theron
Emma Thompson
Michelle Williams
Debra Winger
Renée Zellweger

Age superlatives

RecordActorFilmYearAge
Oldest WinnerJessica TandyDriving Miss Daisy199080[102]
Oldest NomineeEmmanuelle RivaAmour201385
Youngest WinnerMarlee MatlinChildren of a Lesser God198721
Youngest NomineeQuvenzhané WallisBeasts of the Southern Wild20139

Films with multiple Leading Actress nominations

Winners are in bold.

Multiple character nominations

The following were nominated for their portrayals of the same fictional or non-fictional character in separate films (including variations of the original).

See also

Notes

A: Rules at the time of the first three ceremonies allowed for a performer to receive a single nomination which could honor their work in more than one film. Greta Garbo and Norma Shearer were both nominated for two different roles in the same category. Current Academy rules forbid this from happening. No official reason was ever given as to why Shearer won the award for only one of the two films she was listed for.[103]

B: Bette Davis's performance in Of Human Bondage was not nominated for an Oscar. Several influential people at the time campaigned to have her name included on the list, so for that year (and the following year also) the Academy relaxed its rules and allowed a write-in vote. Technically this meant that any performance was eligible to win the award, whether or not the person was an official nominee. While the Academy does not officially recognize this as a nomination for Davis, it has included her in the list of nominees for the 1935 ceremony on its official website.

C: Katharine Hepburn and Barbra Streisand received the same number of votes, resulting in both actresses receiving the award, according to Academy rules.

D: Elliot Page was nominated before his gender transition in 2020.[104]

Bibliography

External links

Notes and References

  1. News: Rule Six: Special Rules for the Acting Awards . 8-7 . AMPAS . dead . August 30, 2013 . https://web.archive.org/web/20141021054540/http://www.oscars.org/sites/default/files/87aa_rules.pdf . October 21, 2014.
  2. News: Dirks . Tim . 1929–38 Academy Awards Winners and History . . . live . August 30, 2013 . https://web.archive.org/web/20160829021512/http://www.filmsite.org/aa29.html . August 29, 2016.
  3. News: The 1st Academy Awards (1929) Nominees and Winners. August 27, 2013. Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS). live. https://web.archive.org/web/20150402003037/http://www.oscars.org/oscars/ceremonies/1929. April 2, 2015.
  4. The 2nd Academy Awards is unique in being the only occasion where there were no official nominees. Subsequent research by AMPAS has resulted in a list of unofficial or de facto nominees, based on records of which films were evaluated by the judges.
  5. News: The 2nd Academy Awards (1930) Nominees and Winners . August 27, 2013 . AMPAS . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20150402002823/http://www.oscars.org/oscars/ceremonies/1930 . April 2, 2015.
  6. News: The 3rd Academy Awards (1931) Nominees and Winners . August 27, 2013 . AMPAS . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20160802115930/https://www.oscars.org/oscars/ceremonies/1931 . August 2, 2016.
  7. News: The 4th Academy Awards (1932) Nominees and Winners. August 27, 2013. Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS). live. https://web.archive.org/web/20161102114813/https://www.oscars.org/oscars/ceremonies/1932. November 2, 2016.
  8. News: The 5th Academy Awards (1933) Nominees and Winners. August 27, 2013. Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS). live. https://web.archive.org/web/20150402003113/http://www.oscars.org/oscars/ceremonies/1933. April 2, 2015.
  9. News: The 6th Academy Awards (1934) Nominees and Winners. August 27, 2013. Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS). live. https://web.archive.org/web/20170201231924/http://www.oscars.org/oscars/ceremonies/1934. February 1, 2017.
  10. News: The 7th Academy Awards (1935) Nominees and Winners. August 27, 2013. Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS). live. https://web.archive.org/web/20160702160154/https://www.oscars.org/oscars/ceremonies/1935. July 2, 2016.
  11. News: The 8th Academy Awards (1936) Nominees and Winners. August 27, 2013. Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS). live. https://web.archive.org/web/20141111071955/http://www.oscars.org/oscars/ceremonies/1936. November 11, 2014.
  12. News: The 9th Academy Awards (1937) Nominees and Winners. August 27, 2013. Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS). live. https://web.archive.org/web/20160702160200/https://www.oscars.org/oscars/ceremonies/1937. July 2, 2016.
  13. News: The 10th Academy Awards (1938) Nominees and Winners. August 27, 2013. Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS). live. https://web.archive.org/web/20160321113206/http://oscars.org/oscars/ceremonies/1938. March 21, 2016.
  14. News: The 11th Academy Awards (1939) Nominees and Winners. August 27, 2013. Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS). live. https://web.archive.org/web/20160702160206/https://www.oscars.org/oscars/ceremonies/1939. July 2, 2016.
  15. News: The 12th Academy Awards (1940) Nominees and Winners. August 27, 2013. Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS). live. https://web.archive.org/web/20170128185131/https://www.oscars.org/oscars/ceremonies/1940. January 28, 2017.
  16. News: The 13th Academy Awards (1941) Nominees and Winners. August 27, 2013. Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS). live. https://web.archive.org/web/20160321220635/http://oscars.org/oscars/ceremonies/1941. March 21, 2016.
  17. News: The 14th Academy Awards (1942) Nominees and Winners. August 27, 2013. Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS). live. https://web.archive.org/web/20150402003256/http://www.oscars.org/oscars/ceremonies/1942. April 2, 2015.
  18. News: The 15th Academy Awards (1943) Nominees and Winners. August 27, 2013. Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS). live. https://web.archive.org/web/20110706093739/http://www.oscars.org/awards/academyawards/legacy/ceremony/15th-winners.html. July 6, 2011.
  19. News: The 16th Academy Awards (1944) Nominees and Winners. August 27, 2013. Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS). live. https://web.archive.org/web/20160321095215/http://oscars.org/oscars/ceremonies/1944. March 21, 2016.
  20. News: The 17th Academy Awards (1945) Nominees and Winners. August 27, 2013. Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS). live. https://web.archive.org/web/20160702160225/https://www.oscars.org/oscars/ceremonies/1945. July 2, 2016.
  21. News: The 18th Academy Awards (1946) Nominees and Winners. August 27, 2013. Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS). live. https://web.archive.org/web/20150402003401/http://www.oscars.org/oscars/ceremonies/1946. April 2, 2015.
  22. News: The 19th Academy Awards (1947) Nominees and Winners. August 27, 2013. Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS). live. https://web.archive.org/web/20150402003414/http://www.oscars.org/oscars/ceremonies/1947. April 2, 2015.
  23. News: The 20th Academy Awards (1948) Nominees and Winners. August 27, 2013. Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS). live. https://web.archive.org/web/20160702160236/https://www.oscars.org/oscars/ceremonies/1948. July 2, 2016.
  24. News: The 21st Academy Awards (1949) Nominees and Winners. August 27, 2013. Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS). live. https://web.archive.org/web/20141111072021/http://www.oscars.org/oscars/ceremonies/1949. November 11, 2014.
  25. News: The 22nd Academy Awards (1950) Nominees and Winners. August 27, 2013. Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS). live. https://web.archive.org/web/20150402002854/http://www.oscars.org/oscars/ceremonies/1950. April 2, 2015.
  26. News: The 23rd Academy Awards (1951) Nominees and Winners. August 27, 2013. Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS). live. https://web.archive.org/web/20170128185155/https://www.oscars.org/oscars/ceremonies/1951. January 28, 2017.
  27. News: The 24th Academy Awards (1952) Nominees and Winners. August 27, 2013. Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS). live. https://web.archive.org/web/20150402003505/http://www.oscars.org/oscars/ceremonies/1952. April 2, 2015.
  28. News: The 25th Academy Awards (1953) Nominees and Winners. August 27, 2013. Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS). live. https://web.archive.org/web/20141111074417/http://www.oscars.org/oscars/ceremonies/1953. November 11, 2014.
  29. News: The 26th Academy Awards (1954) Nominees and Winners. August 27, 2013. Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS). live. https://web.archive.org/web/20150402003527/http://www.oscars.org/oscars/ceremonies/1954. April 2, 2015.
  30. News: The 27th Academy Awards (1955) Nominees and Winners. August 27, 2013. Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS). live. https://web.archive.org/web/20141220053716/http://www.oscars.org/oscars/ceremonies/1955. December 20, 2014.
  31. News: The 28th Academy Awards (1956) Nominees and Winners. August 27, 2013. Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS). live. https://web.archive.org/web/20141220053716/http://www.oscars.org/oscars/ceremonies/1955. December 20, 2014.
  32. News: The 29th Academy Awards (1957) Nominees and Winners. August 27, 2013. Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS). live. https://web.archive.org/web/20150402003615/http://www.oscars.org/oscars/ceremonies/1957. April 2, 2015.
  33. News: The 30th Academy Awards (1958) Nominees and Winners. August 27, 2013. Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS). live. https://web.archive.org/web/20150402003629/http://www.oscars.org/oscars/ceremonies/1958. April 2, 2015.
  34. News: The 31st Academy Awards (1959) Nominees and Winners. August 27, 2013. Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS). live. https://web.archive.org/web/20150402003640/http://www.oscars.org/oscars/ceremonies/1959. April 2, 2015.
  35. News: The 32nd Academy Awards (1960) Nominees and Winners. August 27, 2013. Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS). live. https://web.archive.org/web/20160908182807/http://www.oscars.org/oscars/ceremonies/1960. September 8, 2016.
  36. News: The 33rd Academy Awards (1961) Nominees and Winners. August 27, 2013. Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS). live. https://web.archive.org/web/20150402003651/http://www.oscars.org/oscars/ceremonies/1961. April 2, 2015.
  37. News: King. Susan. The Academy to fete Sophia Loren. April 13, 2015. Los Angeles Times. March 28, 2011. live. https://web.archive.org/web/20150506105524/http://latimesblogs.latimes.com/awards/2011/03/the-academy-to-fete-sopha-loren.html. May 6, 2015.
  38. News: The 34th Academy Awards (1962) Nominees and Winners. August 27, 2013. Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS). live. https://web.archive.org/web/20150402003704/http://www.oscars.org/oscars/ceremonies/1962. April 2, 2015.
  39. News: The 35th Academy Awards (1963) Nominees and Winners. August 27, 2013. Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS). live. https://web.archive.org/web/20160702160340/https://www.oscars.org/oscars/ceremonies/1963. July 2, 2016.
  40. News: The 36th Academy Awards (1964) Nominees and Winners. August 27, 2013. Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS). live. https://web.archive.org/web/20150402003742/http://www.oscars.org/oscars/ceremonies/1964. April 2, 2015.
  41. News: The 37th Academy Awards (1965) Nominees and Winners. August 27, 2013. Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS). live. https://web.archive.org/web/20150402003759/http://www.oscars.org/oscars/ceremonies/1965. April 2, 2015.
  42. News: The 38th Academy Awards (1966) Nominees and Winners. August 27, 2013. Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS). live. https://web.archive.org/web/20150402003812/http://www.oscars.org/oscars/ceremonies/1966. April 2, 2015.
  43. News: The 39th Academy Awards (1967) Nominees and Winners. August 27, 2013. Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS). live. https://web.archive.org/web/20150402003824/http://www.oscars.org/oscars/ceremonies/1967. April 2, 2015.
  44. News: The 40th Academy Awards (1968) Nominees and Winners. August 27, 2013. Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS). live. https://web.archive.org/web/20150402003842/http://www.oscars.org/oscars/ceremonies/1968. April 2, 2015.
  45. News: The 41st Academy Awards (1969) Nominees and Winners. August 27, 2013. Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS). live. https://web.archive.org/web/20150402003856/http://www.oscars.org/oscars/ceremonies/1969. April 2, 2015.
  46. News: The 42nd Academy Awards (1970) Nominees and Winners. August 27, 2013. Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS). live. https://web.archive.org/web/20150402003856/http://www.oscars.org/oscars/ceremonies/1969. April 2, 2015.
  47. News: The 43rd Academy Awards (1971) Nominees and Winners. August 27, 2013. Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS). live. https://web.archive.org/web/20150402003910/http://www.oscars.org/oscars/ceremonies/1971. April 2, 2015.
  48. News: The 44th Academy Awards (1972) Nominees and Winners. August 27, 2013. Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS). live. https://web.archive.org/web/20150402003926/http://www.oscars.org/oscars/ceremonies/1972. April 2, 2015.
  49. News: The 45th Academy Awards (1973) Nominees and Winners. August 27, 2013. Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS). live. https://web.archive.org/web/20150402003938/http://www.oscars.org/oscars/ceremonies/1973. April 2, 2015.
  50. News: The 46th Academy Awards (1974) Nominees and Winners. August 27, 2013. Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS). live. https://web.archive.org/web/20150402003953/http://www.oscars.org/oscars/ceremonies/1974. April 2, 2015.
  51. News: The 47th Academy Awards (1975) Nominees and Winners. August 27, 2013. Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS). live. https://web.archive.org/web/20150402004005/http://www.oscars.org/oscars/ceremonies/1975. April 2, 2015.
  52. News: The 48th Academy Awards (1976) Nominees and Winners. August 27, 2013. Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS). live. https://web.archive.org/web/20150402004018/http://www.oscars.org/oscars/ceremonies/1976. April 2, 2015.
  53. News: The 49th Academy Awards (1977) Nominees and Winners. August 27, 2013. Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS). live. https://web.archive.org/web/20150402004041/http://www.oscars.org/oscars/ceremonies/1977. April 2, 2015.
  54. News: The 50th Academy Awards (1978) Nominees and Winners. August 27, 2013. Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS). live. https://web.archive.org/web/20150402004056/http://www.oscars.org/oscars/ceremonies/1978. April 2, 2015.
  55. News: The 51st Academy Awards (1979) Nominees and Winners. August 27, 2013. Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS). live. https://web.archive.org/web/20150402004111/http://www.oscars.org/oscars/ceremonies/1979. April 2, 2015.
  56. News: The 52nd Academy Awards (1980) Nominees and Winners. August 27, 2013. Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS). live. https://web.archive.org/web/20150402002939/http://www.oscars.org/oscars/ceremonies/1980. April 2, 2015.
  57. News: The 53rd Academy Awards (1981) Nominees and Winners. August 27, 2013. Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS). live. https://web.archive.org/web/20150402004127/http://www.oscars.org/oscars/ceremonies/1981. April 2, 2015.
  58. News: The 54th Academy Awards (1982) Nominees and Winners. August 27, 2013. Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS). live. https://web.archive.org/web/20150402004138/http://www.oscars.org/oscars/ceremonies/1982. April 2, 2015.
  59. News: The 55th Academy Awards (1983) Nominees and Winners . August 27, 2013 . AMPAS . dead . https://archive.today/20120905/http://www.oscars.org/awards/academyawards/legacy/ceremony/55th-winners.html . September 5, 2012.
  60. News: The 56th Academy Awards (1984) Nominees and Winners. August 27, 2013. Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS). live. https://web.archive.org/web/20150402004202/http://www.oscars.org/oscars/ceremonies/1984. April 2, 2015.
  61. News: The 57th Academy Awards (1985) Nominees and Winners. August 27, 2013. Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS). live. https://web.archive.org/web/20150402004214/http://www.oscars.org/oscars/ceremonies/1985. April 2, 2015.
  62. News: The 58th Academy Awards (1986) Nominees and Winners. August 27, 2013. Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS). live. https://web.archive.org/web/20150402004226/http://www.oscars.org/oscars/ceremonies/1986. April 2, 2015.
  63. News: The 59th Academy Awards (1987) Nominees and Winners. August 27, 2013. Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS). live. https://web.archive.org/web/20150402004243/http://www.oscars.org/oscars/ceremonies/1987. April 2, 2015.
  64. News: The 60th Academy Awards (1988) Nominees and Winners. August 27, 2013. Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS). live. https://web.archive.org/web/20150402004300/http://www.oscars.org/oscars/ceremonies/1988. April 2, 2015.
  65. News: The 61st Academy Awards (1989) Nominees and Winners. August 27, 2013. Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS). live. https://web.archive.org/web/20110706095646/http://www.oscars.org/awards/academyawards/legacy/ceremony/61st-winners.html. July 6, 2011.
  66. News: The 62nd Academy Awards (1990) Nominees and Winners. August 27, 2013. Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS). live. https://web.archive.org/web/20150402002952/http://www.oscars.org/oscars/ceremonies/1990. April 2, 2015.
  67. News: The 63rd Academy Awards (1991) Nominees and Winners. August 27, 2013. Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS). live. https://web.archive.org/web/20150402004341/http://www.oscars.org/oscars/ceremonies/1991. April 2, 2015.
  68. News: The 64th Academy Awards (1992) Nominees and Winners. August 27, 2013. Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS). live. https://web.archive.org/web/20150402004405/http://www.oscars.org/oscars/ceremonies/1992. April 2, 2015.
  69. News: The 65th Academy Awards (1993) Nominees and Winners. August 27, 2013. Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS). live. https://web.archive.org/web/20150402004418/http://www.oscars.org/oscars/ceremonies/1993. April 2, 2015.
  70. News: The 66th Academy Awards (1994) Nominees and Winners. August 27, 2013. Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS). live. https://web.archive.org/web/20150402004432/http://www.oscars.org/oscars/ceremonies/1994. April 2, 2015.
  71. News: The 67th Academy Awards (1995) Nominees and Winners. August 27, 2013. Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS). live. https://web.archive.org/web/20150402004445/http://www.oscars.org/oscars/ceremonies/1995. April 2, 2015.
  72. News: The 68th Academy Awards (1996) Nominees and Winners. August 27, 2013. Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS). live. https://web.archive.org/web/20150402004458/http://www.oscars.org/oscars/ceremonies/1996. April 2, 2015.
  73. News: The 69th Academy Awards (1997) Nominees and Winners. August 27, 2013. Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS). live. https://web.archive.org/web/20150402004512/http://www.oscars.org/oscars/ceremonies/1997. April 2, 2015.
  74. News: The 70th Academy Awards (1998) Nominees and Winners. August 27, 2013. Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS). live. https://web.archive.org/web/20150402004523/http://www.oscars.org/oscars/ceremonies/1998. April 2, 2015.
  75. News: The 71st Academy Awards (1999) Nominees and Winners. August 27, 2013. Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS). live. https://web.archive.org/web/20150402004536/http://www.oscars.org/oscars/ceremonies/1999. April 2, 2015.
  76. News: The 72nd Academy Awards (2000) Nominees and Winners. August 27, 2013. Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS). live. https://web.archive.org/web/20150402003006/http://www.oscars.org/oscars/ceremonies/2000. April 2, 2015.
  77. News: The 73rd Academy Awards (2001) Nominees and Winners. August 27, 2013. Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS). live. https://web.archive.org/web/20150402004546/http://www.oscars.org/oscars/ceremonies/2001. April 2, 2015.
  78. News: The 74th Academy Awards (2002) Nominees and Winners. August 27, 2013. Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS). live. https://web.archive.org/web/20150402004559/http://www.oscars.org/oscars/ceremonies/2002. April 2, 2015.
  79. News: The 75th Academy Awards (2003) Nominees and Winners. August 27, 2013. Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS). live. https://web.archive.org/web/20150402004617/http://www.oscars.org/oscars/ceremonies/2003. April 2, 2015.
  80. News: The 76th Academy Awards (2004) Nominees and Winners. August 27, 2013. Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS). live. https://web.archive.org/web/20150402004632/http://www.oscars.org/oscars/ceremonies/2004. April 2, 2015.
  81. News: The 77th Academy Awards (2005) Nominees and Winners. August 27, 2013. Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS). live. https://web.archive.org/web/20170601231314/http://oscars.org/oscars/ceremonies/2005. June 1, 2017.
  82. News: The 78th Academy Awards (2006) Nominees and Winners. August 27, 2013. Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS). live. https://web.archive.org/web/20141109220946/http://www.oscars.org/oscars/ceremonies/2006. November 9, 2014.
  83. News: The 79th Academy Awards (2007) Nominees and Winners. August 27, 2013. Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS). live. https://web.archive.org/web/20150402004711/http://www.oscars.org/oscars/ceremonies/2007. April 2, 2015.
  84. News: The 80th Academy Awards (2008) Nominees and Winners. August 27, 2013. Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS). live. https://web.archive.org/web/20150402004725/http://www.oscars.org/oscars/ceremonies/2008. April 2, 2015.
  85. News: The 81st Academy Awards (2009) Nominees and Winners. August 27, 2013. Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS). live. https://web.archive.org/web/20141110111206/http://www.oscars.org/oscars/ceremonies/2009. November 10, 2014.
  86. News: The 82nd Academy Awards (2010) Nominees and Winners. August 27, 2013. Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS). live. https://web.archive.org/web/20120929191037/http://www.oscars.org/awards/academyawards/legacy/ceremony/82nd-winners.html. September 29, 2012.
  87. News: The 83rd Academy Awards (2011) Nominees and Winners. August 27, 2013. Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS). live. https://web.archive.org/web/20110605132752/http://www.oscars.org/awards/academyawards/83/nominees.html. June 5, 2011.
  88. News: The 84th Academy Awards (2012) Nominees and Winners. August 27, 2013. Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS). live. https://web.archive.org/web/20141015232303/http://www.oscars.org/oscars/ceremonies/2012. October 15, 2014.
  89. News: The 85th Academy Awards (2013) Nominees and Winners. August 27, 2013. Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS). live. https://web.archive.org/web/20141014074656/http://www.oscars.org/oscars/ceremonies/2013. October 14, 2014.
  90. News: The 86th Academy Awards (2014) Nominees and Winners. April 10, 2014. Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS). live. https://web.archive.org/web/20141014193700/http://www.oscars.org/oscars/ceremonies/2014. October 14, 2014.
  91. News: The 87th Academy Awards (2015) Nominees and Winners. January 15, 2015. Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS). live. https://web.archive.org/web/20150310051043/http://www.oscars.org/oscars/ceremonies/2015. March 10, 2015.
  92. News: The 88th Academy Awards (2016) Nominees and Winners. January 14, 2016. Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS). live. https://web.archive.org/web/20160125161918/http://www.oscars.org/oscars/ceremonies/2016. January 25, 2016.
  93. News: The 89th Academy Awards (2017) Nominees and Winners. January 14, 2017. Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS). live. https://web.archive.org/web/20170303235233/https://www.oscars.org/oscars/ceremonies/2017. March 3, 2017.
  94. News: The 90th Academy Awards (2018) Nominees and Winners. January 14, 2018. Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS). live. https://web.archive.org/web/20180315142317/https://www.oscars.org/oscars/ceremonies/2018. March 15, 2018.
  95. News: The 91st Academy Awards (2019) Nominees and Winners. January 14, 2019. Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS). live. https://web.archive.org/web/20190228005357/https://www.oscars.org/oscars/ceremonies/2019. February 28, 2019.
  96. News: The 92nd Academy Awards (2020) Nominees and Winners. January 31, 2020. Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS). live. https://web.archive.org/web/20210209145743/http://www.oscars.org/oscars/ceremonies/2020. February 9, 2021.
  97. The eligibility period for the 93rd ceremony was extended through to February 28, 2021, due to the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic.
  98. News: The 93rd Academy Awards (2021) Nominees and Winners. March 14, 2023. Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS). live. https://web.archive.org/web/20210501233256/https://www.oscars.org/oscars/ceremonies/2021. May 1, 2021.
  99. News: The 94th Academy Awards (2022) Nominees and Winners. March 14, 2023. Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS). live. https://web.archive.org/web/20220401051947/https://www.oscars.org/oscars/ceremonies/2022. April 1, 2022.
  100. News: The 95th Academy Awards (2023) Nominees and Winners. March 14, 2023. Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS). live. https://web.archive.org/web/20230314145222/https://www.oscars.org/oscars/ceremonies/2023. March 14, 2023.
  101. News: The 96th Academy Awards (2024) Nominees and Winners. March 24, 2024. Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS). live. https://web.archive.org/web/20240322080415/https://www.oscars.org/oscars/ceremonies/2024. March 22, 2024.
  102. News: Oldest/Youngest Acting Nominees and Winners . AMPAS . dead . December 28, 2014 . https://web.archive.org/web/20090301005626/http://awardsdatabase.oscars.org/ampas_awards/help/helpMain.jsp?helpContentURL=statistics%2FindexStats.html . March 1, 2009.
  103. News: Rooney. David. On the double-bubble. Variety. August 30, 2013. November 25, 2003. live. https://web.archive.org/web/20150402113216/http://variety.com/2003/film/news/on-the-double-bubble-1117896294/. April 2, 2015.
  104. Web site: Oscar-Nominated 'Umbrella Academy' Star Elliot Page Announces He Is Transgender. December 1, 2020. Variety. December 1, 2020. Matt. Donnelly. December 1, 2020. https://web.archive.org/web/20201201193503/https://variety.com/2020/film/news/elliot-page-transgender-ellen-page-juno-umbrella-academy-1234843023/. live.

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