Osaterone acetate explained

Width:225
Jan:Osaterone acetate
Tradename:Ypozane
Routes Of Administration:By mouth (tablets)
Class:Steroidal antiandrogen
Progestogen; Progestin; Progestogen ester
Atcvet:Yes
Atc Prefix:G04
Atc Suffix:CX90
Legal Eu:Rx-only
Legal Eu Comment:[1] [2]
Protein Bound:Osaterone acetate: 90%
15β-Hydroxyosaterone acetate: 80%
(Both mainly to albumin)
Metabolism:Liver
Metabolites:15β-Hydroxyosaterone acetate
Elimination Half-Life:Dogs: 80 hours to 197 ± 109 hours
Excretion:Bile

60%
Urine: 25%

Cas Number:105149-00-6
Pubchem:114992
Chemspiderid:102924
Unii:FR26FSV5EZ
Kegg:D11105
Synonyms:TZP-4238; Gestoxarone acetate; 2-Oxachloromadinone acetate; 17α-Acetoxy-6-chloro-2-oxa-6-dehydroprogesterone; 17α-Acetoxy-6-chloro-2-oxapregna-4,6-diene-3,20-dione
Iupac Name:[(1''R'',3a''S'',3b''R'',9a''R'',9b''S'',11a''S'')-1-acetyl-5-chloro-9a,11a-dimethyl-7-oxo-2,3,3a,3b,9,9b,10,11-octahydroindeno[4,5-h]isochromen-1-yl] acetate
C:22
H:27
Cl:1
O:5
Smiles:CC(=O)C1(CCC2C1(CCC3C2C=C(C4=CC(=O)OCC34C)Cl)C)OC(=O)C
Stdinchi:1S/C22H27ClO5/c1-12(24)22(28-13(2)25)8-6-16-14-9-18(23)17-10-19(26)27-11-20(17,3)15(14)5-7-21(16,22)4/h9-10,14-16H,5-8,11H2,1-4H3/t14-,15+,16+,20-,21+,22+/m1/s1
Stdinchikey:KKTIOMQDFOYCEN-OFUYBIASSA-N

Osaterone acetate, sold under the brand name Ypozane, is a medication which is used in veterinary medicine for the treatment of enlarged prostate in dogs.[3] [4] [5] It is given by mouth.

Osaterone acetate is an antiandrogen, and hence is an antagonist of the androgen receptor, the biological target of androgens like testosterone and dihydrotestosterone. It is also a progestin, or a synthetic progestogen, and hence is an agonist of the progesterone receptor, the biological target of progestogens like progesterone.

Osaterone acetate was introduced for veterinary use in 2007.

Uses

Veterinary

Osaterone acetate is used in veterinary medicine for the treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) in dogs. It has been found to produce remission of clinical symptoms of BPH in 83% of dogs for six months after a single one-week course of treatment,[6] and can be used long-term.

Available forms

Osaterone acetate comes in the form of 1.875 mg, 3.75 mg, 7.5 mg, and 15 mg oral tablets for veterinary use.

Side effects

Side effects of osaterone acetate include diminished sperm quality (for up to 6 weeks post-treatment), transient elevation of liver enzymes (caution should be observed with known liver disease), vomiting, diarrhea, polyuria/polydipsia, lethargy, and hyperplasia of the mammary glands. It can also decrease cortisol levels, interfere with adrenocorticotropic hormone response, induce or exacerbate adrenal insufficiency, and exacerbate diabetes mellitus.[7] [8]

Pharmacology

Pharmacodynamics

Osaterone acetate is a steroidal antiandrogen, progestin, and antigonadotropin. It has virtually no estrogenic or androgenic activity. Its side-effect profile indicates that it possesses clinically relevant glucocorticoid activity. An active metabolite of osaterone acetate, 15β-hydroxyosaterone acetate, has potent antiandrogenic activity similarly to osaterone acetate. Osaterone acetate treats BPH in dogs by reducing the actions of androgens in the prostate gland.

Pharmacokinetics

The major active metabolite of osaterone acetate is 15β-hydroxyosaterone acetate. Osaterone acetate has a long biological half-life of 80 hours to 197 ± 109 hours in dogs.[9]

Chemistry

See also: Steroidal antiandrogen, List of steroidal antiandrogens, List of progestogens, Progestogen ester and List of progestogen esters.

Osaterone acetate, also known as 2-oxachloromadinone acetate, as well as 17α-acetoxy-6-chloro-2-oxa-6-dehydroprogesterone or 17α-acetoxy-6-chloro-2-oxapregna-4,6-diene-3,20-dione, is a synthetic pregnane steroid and a derivative of progesterone and 17α-hydroxyprogesterone. It is a derivative of the less potent chlormadinone acetate. The medication is the C17α acetate ester of osaterone.

History

Osaterone acetate was approved for veterinary use in the European Union under the brand name Ypozane in 2007.[10]

Society and culture

Generic names

Osaterone acetate is the generic name of the drug.[11] Osaterone is the of the deacetylated parent compound.

Brand names

Osaterone acetate is marketed under the brand name Ypozane by Virbac throughout the European Union.

Research

Osaterone acetate was also investigated in Japan in the treatment of prostate cancer and BPH in humans but was ultimately never marketed for such purposes.[12]

Further reading

Notes and References

  1. Web site: Ypozane EPAR . European Medicines Agency . 18 January 2007 . 28 June 2024.
  2. Web site: Ypozane PI . Union Register of veterinary medicinal products . 15 January 2007 . 29 June 2024.
  3. Web site: Ypozane for Dogs . European Medicines Agency . 20 February 2018 . 20 June 2018 . https://web.archive.org/web/20180620004709/http://www.ema.europa.eu/docs/en_GB/document_library/EPAR_-_Product_Information/veterinary/000112/WC500069537.pdf . dead .
  4. Book: Weber GF . Molecular Therapies of Cancer. 22 July 2015. Springer. 978-3-319-13278-5. 316–.
  5. Book: Greer ML . Canine Reproduction and Neonatology. 18 December 2014. Teton NewMedia. 978-1-4987-2850-8. 296–.
  6. Book: Cote E . Clinical Veterinary Advisor: Dogs and Cats. 9 December 2014. Elsevier Health Sciences. 978-0-323-24074-1. 848–.
  7. Book: Ettinger SJ, Feldman EC . Textbook of Veterinary Internal Medicine. 24 December 2009. Elsevier Health Sciences. 978-1-4377-0282-8. 2055–.
  8. Book: Lamm C, Makloski C . Theriogenology, An Issue of Veterinary Clinics: Small Animal Practice. 28 May 2012. Elsevier Health Sciences. 978-1-4557-4447-3. 112–.
  9. Book: Maddison JE, Page SW, Church D . Small Animal Clinical Pharmacology. 2008. Elsevier Health Sciences. 978-0-7020-2858-8. 536–.
  10. Emmerich IU, Ungemach FR . Neue Arzneimittel für Kleintiere 2007 . Tierärztliche Praxis Ausgabe K: Kleintiere/Heimtiere. . 2008 . 36 . 5 . 311–22 . 10.1055/s-0038-1622691 . 257184365 .
  11. Web site: Osaterone . Drugs.com .
  12. Book: Schröder FH, Radlmaier A . Steroidal Antiandrogens . 325–346 . 10.1007/978-1-59259-152-7_15 . Hormone Therapy in Breast and Prostate Cancer . Cancer Drug Discovery and Development . Jordan VC, Furr BJ . 2009 . Humana Press . 978-1-60761-471-5.