Oread Explained

In Greek mythology, an Oread (; Greek, Ancient (to 1453);: '''Ὀρειάς'''|'''Oreiás''', stem Greek, Ancient (to 1453);: Ὀρειάδ-|Oreiád-|label=none, Latin: '''Oreas'''/'''Oread-''', from Greek, Ancient (to 1453);: ὄρος||mountain|label=none; French: '''Oréade''') or Orestiad (; Greek, Ancient (to 1453);: Ὀρεστιάδες|Orestiádes|label=none) is a mountain nymph. Oreads differ from each other according to their dwelling: the Idaeae were from Mount Ida, Peliades from Mount Pelion, etc. Myths associated the Oreads with Artemis, since the goddess, when she went out hunting, preferred mountains and rocky precipices.

The generic term "oread" itself appears to be Hellenistic (first attested in the Epitaph of Adonis ( Ἐπιτάφιος Ἀδώνιδος) of Bion of Smyrna,) .^[1]

List of Oreads

The number of Oreads includes but is not limited to:

List of Oreads!Name!Location!Relations and Notes

Britomartis	Mount Dicte, Crete	daughter of Carme and Zeus^[2]
Chelone	Mount Khelydorea, Arcadia	changed by Hermes into a tortoise^[3]
Claea	Mount Calathion, Messenia	^[4]
Cyllene	Mount Cyllene, Arcadia	^[5]
Daphnis	Mount Parnassos	^[6]
Echo	Mount Cithaeron, Boeotia	loved Narcissus^[7] and loved by Pan^[8]
Eidothea	Mount Othrys, Malis	mother of Cerambus by Eusiros^[9]
The Idaeae	Mount Ida, Crete	^[10]
• Adrasteia
• Cynosura
• Helike
• Ida
Nomia	Mount Nomia, Arcadia	a friend of Callisto^[11]
Oenone	Mount Ida, Troad	daughter of the river-god Cebren and first wife of Paris^[12]
Othreis	Mount Othrys, Malis	mother of Meliteus by Zeus and Phager by Apollo^[13]
Phigalia	Phigalia, Arcadia	eponym of the town of Phigalia
Pitys		loved by Pan^[14]
Sinoe	Mount Sinoe, Arcadia	nurse of Pan^[15]
Sose		loved by Hermes
The Sphragitides or Cithaeronides	Mount Cithaeron, Boeotia	^[16]

Honours

• Oread Institute, a former women's college in Worcester, Massachusetts
  • Mount Oread in Lawrence, Kansas, named after the institute by settlers from Worcester
• Oread Lake in Antarctica

References

Sources

• Antoninus Liberalis, The Metamorphoses of Antoninus Liberalis translated by Francis Celoria (Routledge 1992). Online version at the Topos Text Project.
• Apollodorus, The Library with an English Translation by Sir James George Frazer, F.B.A., F.R.S. in 2 Volumes, Cambridge, MA, Harvard University Press; London, William Heinemann Ltd. 1921. ISBN 0-674-99135-4. Online version at the Perseus Digital Library. Greek text available from the same website.
• Aristophanes, Thesmophoriazusae in The Complete Greek Drama, vol. 2. Eugene O'Neill, Jr. New York. Random House. 1938. Online version at the Perseus Digital Library.
• Diodorus Siculus, The Library of History translated by Charles Henry Oldfather. Twelve volumes. Loeb Classical Library. Cambridge, Massachusetts: Harvard University Press; London: William Heinemann, Ltd. 1989. Vol. 3. Books 4.59–8. Online version at Bill Thayer's Web Site
• Diodorus Siculus, Bibliotheca Historica. Vol 1-2. Immanel Bekker. Ludwig Dindorf. Friedrich Vogel. in aedibus B. G. Teubneri. Leipzig. 1888–1890. Greek text available at the Perseus Digital Library.
• Gaius Julius Hyginus, Astronomica from The Myths of Hyginus translated and edited by Mary Grant. University of Kansas Publications in Humanistic Studies. Online version at the Topos Text Project.
• Liddell, Henry George, Robert Scott, A Greek-English Lexicon, revised and augmented throughout by Sir Henry Stuart Jones with the assistance of Roderick McKenzie, Clarendon Press Oxford, 1940. Online version at the Perseus Digital Library.
• Maurus Servius Honoratus, In Vergilii carmina comentarii. Servii Grammatici qui feruntur in Vergilii carmina commentarii; recensuerunt Georgius Thilo et Hermannus Hagen. Georgius Thilo. Leipzig. B. G. Teubner. 1881. Online version at the Perseus Digital Library.
• Pausanias, Description of Greece with an English Translation by W.H.S. Jones, Litt.D., and H.A. Ormerod, M.A., in 4 Volumes. Cambridge, MA, Harvard University Press; London, William Heinemann Ltd. 1918. . Online version at the Perseus Digital Library
• Pausanias, Graeciae Descriptio. 3 vols. Leipzig, Teubner. 1903. Greek text available at the Perseus Digital Library.
• Plutarch. Lives, Volume II: Themistocles and Camillus. Aristides and Cato Major. Cimon and Lucullus. Translated by Bernadotte Perrin. Loeb Classical Library No. 47. Cambridge, Massachusetts: Harvard University Press, 1914. . Online version at Harvard University Press. Aristides at the Perseus Digital Library.
• Propertius, Elegies Edited and translated by G. P. Goold. Loeb Classical Library 18. Cambridge, Massachusetts: Harvard University Press, 1990. Online version at Harvard University Press.

Notes and References

1. Henry George Liddell, Robert Scott, A Greek-English Lexicon s.v. text at Perseus project
2. [Diodorus Siculus]
3. [Maurus Servius Honoratus|Servius]
4. [Pausanias (geographer)|Pausanias]
5. [Bibliotheca (Pseudo-Apollodorus)|Apollodorus]
6. Pausanias, 10.5.5
7. [Aristophanes]
8. Echo . 8 . 884 . 1.
9. [Antoninus Liberalis]
10. Apollodorus, 1.1.6; Hyginus, De astronomia 2.2.1
11. Pausanias, 8.38.11
12. Apollodorus, 3.12.6
13. Antoninus Liberalis, 13
14. [Propertius]
15. Pausanias, 8.30.3
16. [Plutarch]