Order of the Liberator General San Martín explained

Order of the Liberator General San Martin
Awarded By:
Type:Order
Grades:Collar
Grand Cross
Grand Officer
Commander
Officer
Member
Status:Currently awarded
Established:August 17, 1943
Lower:Order of May

The Order of the Liberator General San Martín (Spanish; Castilian: Orden del Libertador General San Martín) is the highest decoration in Argentina. It is awarded to foreign politicians or military, deemed worthy of the highest recognition from Argentina. It is granted by the sitting President of Argentina.[1]

History

It owes its name to General José de San Martín, called Father of the Nation and Liberator. The original design was made by the Argentine engineer and sculptor Ángel Eusebio Ibarra García. It was created by Decree No. 5,000 of August 17, 1943; amended by Law No. 13. 202 of May 21, 1948; which in turn was repealed by Decree Law No. 16.628 of December 17, 1957, which re-creates the Order. The modifications introduced were only in the form. The regulations still in force were approved by Decree No. 16,643 of December 18, 1967.

Grades

The Grades are:

Notable recipients

See main article: List of recipients of the Order of the Liberator General San Martín.

!Date !Recipient!Grade
8 June 1947 – Caudillo Francisco Franco (1936–1975)Collar
16 August 1947 – President Eurico Gaspar Dutra (1946–1951)Collar
20 December 1948 – Former president Arturo Alessandri (1920–1925; 1932-1938)Grand Cross
1950 – President Manuel Arturo Odría (1948–1950; 1950-1956)Collar
12 May 1950 United States – General Dwight Eisenhower (1953–1961)Grand Cross
4 April 1951 – Prince Bernhard (1948–1980)Grand Cross
18 July 1952 – First Lady Eva Duarte de Perón (1946–1952)Extraordinary
19 February 1953 – President Carlos Ibáñez del Campo (1927–1931; 1952–1958)Collar
15 August 1954 Paraguay – President Alfredo Stroessner (1954–1989)Collar
2 February 1959 – Prime Minister Antonio Segni (1955–1957; 1959–1960)Grand Cross
1960 – King Baudouin (1951–1993)Collar
8 May 1960 – President Charles De Gaulle (1959–1969)Collar
June 1960 – Chancellor Konrad Adenauer (1949–1963)Grand Cross
1 July 1960 – Queen Juliana (1948–1980)Collar
4 July 1960 – Queen Elizabeth II (1952–2022)Collar
October 1960 – President Chiang Kai-shek (1950–1975)Collar
9 April 1961 – President Giovanni Gronchi (1955–1962)Collar
8 July 1961 – President Víctor Paz Estenssoro (1952–1956; 1960–1964; 1985–1989)Collar
8 December 1961 – King Bhumibol Adulyadej (1946–2016)[2] Collar
– Queen Sirikit (1950–2016)Grand Cross
– Prime Minister Sarit Thanarat (1959–1963)[3] Grand Cross
22 March 1962 – Prince Philip (1952–2021)Grand Cross
10 May 1965 – Shah Mohammad Reza Pahlavi (1941–1979)Collar
– Shahbanu Farah Pahlavi (1961–1979)Grand Cross
15 September 1965 – President Giuseppe Saragat (1964–1971)Collar
29 October 1965 – President Eduardo Frei Montalva (1964–1970)Collar
1966 – King Norodom Sihanouk (1941–1970, 1993-2004)Collar
25 March 1966 – Princess Margrethe (1940–1972; Queen: 1972–incumbent)Grand Cross
18 September 1967 – King Olav V (1957–1991)Collar
1970 Ethiopia – Emperor Haile Selassie (1930–1974)Collar
18 April 1971 – President José Figueres Ferrer (1948–1949; 1953–1958; 1970–1974)Collar
13 October 1971 – President Juan Velasco Alvaro (1968–1975)Collar
1972 – President Park Chung-hee (1962-1979)Collar
– President Suharto (1968-1998)Collar
– First Lady Siti Hartinah (1968-1998)Grand Cross
16 June 1973 – President Luis Carrero Blanco (1973)Grand Cross
5 March 1974 – President Nicolae Ceausescu (1967–1989)Collar
– First Lady Elena Ceausescu (1974–1989)Grand Cross
1976 – President Augusto Pinochet (1973-1990)[4] Grand Cross
4 March 1978 – President Francisco Morales Bermúdez (1975–1980)Collar
1 December 1978 – King Juan Carlos I (1975–2014)Collar
– Queen Sofía (1975–2014)Grand Cross
8 October 1979 – Emperor Hirohito (1926–1989)Collar
7 June 1985 – President Fernando Belaúnde Terry (1963–1968; 1980–1985)Collar
17 July 1986 – President Corazon Aquino (1986–1992)Collar
19 July 1986 – King Fahd (1982–2005)Collar
28 July 1986 – President José Sarney (1985–1990)Collar
5 July 1990 – President Fernando Collor de Mello (1990–1992)Collar
27 August 1990 – President Patricio Aylwin (1990–1994)[5] Collar
1991 – Prime Minister Mahathir Mohamad (1981–2003, 2018-2020)[6] Grand Cross
1992 – King Hassan II (1961–1999)Collar
– King Hussein (1952–1999)Collar
11 May 1992 – President Hosni Moubarak (1981–2011)Collar
27 March 1994 – Infanta Elena (1963–1995)Grand Cross
– Infanta Cristina (1965–1997)Grand Cross
6 May 1994 – Prince Philippe (1993–2013)Grand Cross
1 December 1994 – President Franjo Tuđman (1990–1999)Collar
21 February 1995 – President Lech Wałęsa (1990–1995)Collar
24 February 1995 – President Nelson Mandela (1994–1999)Collar
31 May 1995 – President Thomas Klestil (1992–2004)[7] Collar
14 March 1996 – President Algirdas Brazauskas (1992–1998)Collar
8 April 1996 – President Fernando Henrique Cardoso (1995–2002)Collar
16 July 1996 – President Nouhak Phoumsavanh (1992–1998)Collar
27 September 1996 – President Vaclav Havel (1993–2003)Collar
12 November 1996 – President Ernesto Zedillo (1994–2000)Collar
3 March 1997 – President Martti Ahtisaari (1994–2000)Collar
7 April 1997 – President Árpád Göncz (1990–2000)Collar
9 April 1997 – Prime Minister Chavalit Yongchaiyudh (1996–1997)[8] Grand Cross
21 April 1997 – President José María Aznar (1996–2004)Grand Cross
28 April 1997 – President René Préval (1996–2001; 2006-2011)Collar
26 May 1998 – King Carl XVI Gustav (1973–incumbent)Collar
– Queen Silvia (1976–incumbent)Grand Cross
– Princess Lilian (1976–2013)Grand Cross
16 July 1998 United Nations – Secretary-General Kofi Annan (1997–2006)[9] Grand Cross
10 August 1998 Nicaragua – President Arnoldo Alemán (1997–2002)Collar
29 September 1998 – Prince Akishino (1990–Incumbent)Grand Cross
2 December 1998 – Emperor Akihito (1989–2019)Collar
– Empress Michiko (1989–2019)Grand Cross
20 September 1999 – President Joseph Estrada (1998–2001)[10] Collar
15 May 2000 Paraguay – President Luis González Macchi (1999–2003)[11] Collar
18 May 2000 – President Ricardo Lagos (2000–2006)Collar
25 September 2000 – Prince Abdullah bin Abdul-Aziz al Saud (1982–2005)Grand Cross
12 October 2000 – President Andrés Pastrana Arango (1998–2002)Collar
14 March 2001 – President Carlo Azeglio Ciampi (1999–2006)Collar
21 August 2001 – President Hipólito Mejía (2000–2004)Collar
15 November 2001 – President Jorge Sampaio (1996–2006)Collar
7 April 2003 Sovereign Order of Malta – Prince and Grand Master Fra' Andrew Bertie (1988–2008)Grand Cross
29 April 2003 – President Jorge Batlle (2000–2005)Collar
7 December 2004 – King Mohammed VI (1999–incumbent)Collar
21 April 2008 Ecuador – President Rafael Correa (2007–2017)Collar
24 November 2008 – President Felipe Calderón (2006–2012)Collar
9 February 2009 – Princess Letizia (2004–2014)Grand Cross
16 January 2011 – Emir Sabah Al-Ahmad Al-Jaber Al-Sabah (2006–2020)Collar
– Prince Nawaf Al-Ahmad Al-Jaber Al-Sabah (2006–2020)Grand Cross
28 November 2012 – President Ollanta Humala (2011–2016)Collar
8 May 2013 – President Nicolás Maduro (2013–Incumbent) / Revoked by President Mauricio Macri.[12] Collar
2016 Japan – Prime Minister Shinzo Abe (2006–2007, 2012–2020)[13] Grand Cross
25 February 2016 – President François Hollande (2012–2017)Collar
29 July 2016 – President Enrique Peña Nieto (2012–2018)Collar
8 August 2016 United Nations – Secretary-General Ban Ki-moon (2007–2016)Grand Cross
9 August 2016 Australia – Governor-General Peter Cosgrove (2014–2019)Collar
22 February 2017 – King Felipe VI (2014–Incumbent)Collar
27 March 2017 – King Willem-Alexander (2013–incumbent)Collar
13 November 2017 United States – Former president Jimmy Carter (1977–1981)Grand Cross
8 May 2017 – President Sergio Mattarella (2015–Incumbent)Collar
6 March 2018 – King Harald V (1991–incumbent)Collar
2 December 2018 China – President Xi Jinping (2013–Incumbent)[14] Collar
25 January 2021 Uruguay – Former president José Mujica (2010–2015)[15] Collar

External links

Notes and References

  1. News: En qué consiste la Orden del Libertador San Martín que le retiraron a Maduro. What is the Order of the Liberator General San Martín that was revoked from Maduro. es. August 11, 2017. La Nación. August 11, 2017.
  2. https://www.thebigchilli.com/uploads/1/2/2/0/12204015/11-argentine-president-arturo-frondizi-and-his-wife-meet-their-majesties-during-official-visit-to-thailand-suring-8-11-december-1961_orig.jpg Photo
  3. Web site: Archived copy . 8 February 2022 . 26 June 2020 . https://web.archive.org/web/20200626115100/https://dl.parliament.go.th/backoffice/viewer2300/web/previewer.php . dead .
  4. Book: Decreto n.° 2904/76. Boletín Oficial de la República Argentina. 6 December 1976. 20 July 2021. 28 October 2021. https://web.archive.org/web/20211028170228/https://www.boletinoficial.gob.ar/detalleAviso/primera/7071512/19761206%3Fbusqueda%3D1. live.
  5. Web site: Recibimiento del Presidente Carlos Menem en Palacio de la Moneda : vídeo - Archivo Presidencial Patricio Aylwin Azócar 1990-1994. 2020-10-14. archivospublicos.uahurtado.cl.
  6. Web site: 31 March 2019. MAHATHIR. Ray Azrul. 18 February 2011. Scribd.
  7. Web site: Decreto 772 / 1995 . argentina.gob.ar . . Spanish.
  8. https://web.archive.org/web/20211111095705/http://www.ratchakitcha.soc.go.th/DATA/PDF/2540/B/007/3.PDF ประกาศสำนักนายกรัฐมนตรี เรื่อง พระราชทานพระบรมราชานุญาตให้ประดับเครื่องราชอิสริยาภรณ์ต่างประเทศ เล่ม 114 ตอนที่ 7 ข ราชกิจจานุเบกษา 9 เมษายน 2540
  9. Web site: Limited. Alamy. El presidente argentino Carlos Menem (R) conversa con el Secretario General de las Naciones Unidas Kofi Annan momentos después de otorgarle el más alto honor de Argentina, la Orden del Libertador General San Martín, en reconocimiento al trabajo de Annan en temas mundiales de derechos humanos el 16 de julio, en el palacio de gobierno de la Casa Rosada. Annan está en Argentina como parte de una gira sudamericana. RR/ELD/AA Fotografía de stock. 2020-11-17. Alamy. es.
  10. Web site: Limited. Alamy. El presidente argentino Carlos Menem (R) decora al presidente filipino Joseph Estrada con la Orden del Libertador General San Martín, durante una ceremonia en la Casa Rosada Presidencial el 20 de septiembre. Estrada, que está en visita oficial a Argentina, firmará acuerdos bilaterales con su contraparte Argentina para mejorar la relación entre ambos países. EM/ZDC Fotografía de stock. 2020-11-17. Alamy. es.
  11. Web site: Limited. Alamy. El presidente paraguayo, Luis González Macchi (R), lleva la medalla Argentina San Martín mientras que su homólogo argentino Fernando de la Rua lleva la medalla paraguaya Mariscal Francisco López, durante una ceremonia en el palacio presidencial, mayo de 15. Los líderes se condecoraron entre sí durante una visita estatal de la Rua. RR/TB Fotografía de stock. 2020-10-14. Alamy. es.
  12. Web site: El Gobierno le retira a Maduro la Orden del Libertador San Martín. 2020-10-14. www.gacetamercantil.com.
  13. News: Palabras del presidente Mauricio Macri y del primer ministro de Japón, Shinzo Abe, en el almuerzo ofrecido en honor del mandatario japonés . 1 May 2022 . Casa Rosada Government of Argentina . 2016 . es . 20 December 2019 . https://web.archive.org/web/20191220160212/https://www.casarosada.gob.ar/informacion/discursos/37914-palabras-del-presidente-mauricio-macri-y-del-primer-ministro-de-japon-shinzo-abe-en-el-almuerzo-ofrecido-en-honor-del-mandatario-japones . live .
  14. Web site: de 2019. 2 de Mayo. El Gobierno condecoró a Xi Jinping con la Orden del Libertador San Martín. 2020-10-14. infobae. es-ES.
  15. Web site: Uruguay's Jose Pepe Mujica bestowed with the highest honor of Argentina. 2021-01-26. MercoPress. en.