Opinion polling for the 2016 Philippine presidential election explained

Opinion polling, locally known as surveys, in the 2016 Philippine presidential and vice presidential elections is conducted by Social Weather Stations (SWS), Pulse Asia, and other pollsters. The last electoral votes were cast on Monday, May 9, 2016.

As the positions of president and vice president are elected separately, pollsters usually have separate surveys for each position.

The figure representing the polling numbers for the candidate that topped each poll is emboldened unless two or more candidates tied, when they are all emboldened. Those figures which are within the margin of error are italicized.

Calendar

• Filing of candidacies: October 12 to 16, 2015
• Campaign period for candidates for president, vice president, senators and party-list representatives: February 9 to May 7, 2016
• Campaign period for local positions and district representatives: March 26 to May 7, 2016
• Casting of ballots for local absentee voters: April 27 to 29, 2016
• Election day: May 9, 2016

Polling for president

Graphical summary

From the start of the campaign period to Election Day

Polling firm	Fieldwork date	Sample size	MoE	Binay	Poe	Duterte	Roxas	Santiago	Refused	Don't know	Undecided / None
Election results	May 9, 2016			12.73	21.31	39.02	23.45	3.42
SWS^[1]	Exit poll			13.5	19.2	39.3	24.0	3.1
D' Strafford^[2]	May 1–5, 2016		±1.2%	16.6	22.5	25.4	30.5	3	–	0.3	1.7
SWS^[3]	May 1–3, 2016		±1.0%	13	22	33	20	2	–	6	4
Argus^[4]	Apr 28–30, 2016		±1.9%	19	27	31	19	4	–	–	–
Standard^[5]	Apr 27-May 1, 2016		±1.8%	15	25	32	22	2	–	–	4
Antonio Trillanes' exposé on Rodrigo Duterte's alleged multimillion peso bank accounts and properties (April 27).
Pulse Asia^[6]	Apr 26–29, 2016		±1.5%	17	21	33	22	2	–	–	5
D' Strafford^[7]	Apr 25–29, 2016		±1.2%	17	24	25	28	3	–	–	1
The Center^[8]	Apr 23–29, 2016		±2.5%	23	25	29	21	2	–	–	–
Third presidential debate in Dagupan (April 24).
Pulse Asia^[9]	Apr 19–24, 2016		±1.5%	18	22	33	20	2	–	–	5
SWS^[10]	Apr 18–20, 2016		±2%	14	24	33	19	2	–	5	3
Rodrigo Duterte makes a joke about a murdered and raped Australian kidnap victim in a campaign rally (April 17).
Pulse Asia^[11]	Apr 16–20, 2016		±2.3%	16	23	35	17	2	0.3	–	5
D' Strafford^[12]	Apr 13–18, 2016		±1.9%	19	26	20	26	4	–	–	4
Pulse Asia^[13]	Apr 12–17, 2016		±1.5%	19	22	34	18	2	1	3	4
The Center^[14]	Apr 11–16, 2016		±2.5%	23.25	26.25	26.75	20.75	2	–	–	1
The Supreme Court declares their vote on Grace Poe's natural-born status and 10-year residency is final and executory, and she is eligible to the presidency (April 9).
Pulse Asia^[15]	Apr 5–10, 2016		±1.5%	20	25	32	18	1	1	2	1
The Center^[16]	Apr 1–7, 2016		±2.5%	22	25	29	19	2	–	–	2.3
Pulse Asia^[17]	Mar 29–Apr 3, 2016		±1.5%	20	25	30	19	2	–	–	4
MBC–DZRH^[18]	Apr 2, 2016		±1.13%	15.3	28.2	36	15.2	3.5	–	–	1.8
SWS^[19]	Mar 30–Apr 2, 2016		±3%	20	23	27	18	3	–	–	–
Standard ^[20]	Mar 26–Apr 1, 2016		±1.8%	18	27	30	21	2	–	–	2
Second presidential debate in Cebu City (March 20).
Pulse Asia^[21]	Mar 15–20, 2016		±1.5%	23	28	24	19	2	–	–	4
Pulse Asia^[22]	Mar 8–13, 2016		±1.5%	22	26	25	20	3	–	–	5
The Supreme Court affirms Grace Poe's natural-born status and declares she is qualified to run (March 8).
SWS^[23]	Mar 4–7, 2016		±2%	24	27	21	22	4	–	–	1
Pulse Asia^[24]	Mar 1–6, 2016		±1.9%	21	28	24	20	3	–	–	6
Standard^[25]	Feb 24–Mar 1, 2016		±1.8%	23	26	24	22	2	–	–	4
Pulse Asia^[26]	Feb 23–27, 2016		±1.9%	22	25	23	20	3	–	–	–
Pulse Asia^[27]	Feb 16–27, 2016		±1.4%	24	26	22	19	3	2	2	2
First presidential debate in Cagayan de Oro (February 21).
Pulse Asia^[28]	Feb 15–20, 2016		±2%	25	26	21	21	3	–	–	4
MBC–DZRH^[29] ^[30]	Feb 13, 2016		±1.13%	23.2	27	26.4	19	3.9	–	–	2.3

From the end of candidacy filing to the start of the campaign period

Polling firm	Fieldwork date	Sample size	MoE	Binay	Poe	Duterte	Roxas	Santiago	David	Sabio	Señeres	Syjuco	Others	Refused	Don't know	None
2016
SWS^[31]	Feb 5-7, 2016		±3%	29	24	24	18	4	–	–	–	–	–	–	–	2
Standard^[32]	Jan 27-Feb 4, 2016		±1.8%	22	29	20	22	2	–	–	–	–	–	–	–	4
Pulse Asia^[33]	Jan 24–28, 2016		±3%	23	30	20	20	4	–	–	–	–	0.1	0.4	1	1
SWS^[34]	Jan 8–10, 2016		±2%	31	24	20	21	3	–	0	0.1	–	0	2
RMN^[35]	Jan 5-14, 2016		±2.5%	21.49	28.59	27.86	15.12	5.14	–	–	–	–	–	–	–	1.79
2015
SWS^[36]	Dec 12–14, 2015		±3%	26	26	20	22	4	0.1	0.04	0	0	0.1	1
Standard^[37]	Dec 4–12, 2015		±2%	23	28	19	22	3	–	–	–	–	0.1	–	–	4
Pulse Asia^[38]	Dec 4–11, 2015		±2.6%	33	21	23	21	4	–	0.1	0	0	–	0.3	1	1
MBC–DZRH^[39]	Nov 27, 2015		±1.14%	18.63	25.14	30.25	14.92	6.22	0.21	0.08	0.31	0.10	2.23	–	–	1.92
RMN^[40]	Oct 25-Nov 5, 2015		±2.5%	22.95	37.15	–	19.64	11.74	–	–	–	–	–	–	–	8.52

Until candidacy filing ended on 16 October 2015

Single-choice surveys

Polling firm	Fieldwork date	Sample size	MoE																Others	Refused	Don't know	None
2015
Pulse Asia^[41]	Sep 8–15, 2015		±2%	19	26	16	20	3	5	–	1	–	–	–	2	6	–	–		3
SWS^[42]	Sep 2–5, 2015		±3%	24	26	11	20	12	3	4	0.8	4	–	–	8	0.8	–	8
Pulse Asia^[43]	Aug 27–Sep 3, 2015		±3%	21	27	15	18	4	5	–	1	5	–	–	1	–	–	–	–
RMN^[44]	Aug 11–18, 2015		±2.5%	26.16	24.84	12.42	18.14	4.33	6	–	1.9	0.06	–	–	1.83	–	–	–	–
Pulse Asia^[45]	May 30–Jun 5, 2015		±3%	22	30	15	10	6	10	–	2	–	–	–	2	–	–	–	Others: 1%	1	0.4	1
Laylo ^[46]	May 8–18, 2015		±2.6%	28	24	10	8	8	10	4	3	3	–	–	1	–	–	–	–
IBON^[47] ^[48]	May 13–23, 2015		±3%	13.8	13.7	7.6	3.8	–	–	–	–	–	–	–	–	–	–	–		–		46.1
Pulse Asia^[49]	Mar 1–7, 2015		±3%	29	14	12	4	9	12	4	3	6	1	–	1	–	–	–		1	0.1	2
2014
Pulse Asia^[50]	Nov 14–20, 2014		±3%	26	18	–	6	12	10	7	3	4	1	2	3	–	1	1		0.3	0.5	0.2
Pulse Asia^[51]	Sep 8–15, 2014		±3%	31	10	–	13	11	10	5	1	4	2	0.4	1	–	1	–		–
Pulse Asia^[52]	Jun 24–Jul 6, 2014		±3%	41	12	–	7	7	9	7	5	5	1	1	–	–	2	–	Others: 2%	1	0.5	1
Pulse Asia^[53]	Mar 19–26, 2014		±3%	40	15	–	6	10	–	9	4	5	–	–	2	–	3	–		0.03	0.2	0.4

Three-choice surveys

These surveys asked participants to rank up to three candidates.

Polling firm	Fieldwork date	Sample size	MoE																		Others	Don't know/refused	None
SWS^[54]	Sep 2–5, 2015		±3%	35	47	39	16	2	3	6	1	5	1	–	–	1	–	–	–	–	–	5	2
SWS^[55]	Jun 5–8, 2015		±3%	34	42	21	20	4	7	4	2	3	7	1	–	1	–	–	1	–	1	9	5
SWS^[56]	Mar 20–23, 2015		±3%	36	31	15	15	11	11	8	4	7	1	3	1	3	1	1	1	–	–	3	12
SWS^[57]	Nov 27–Dec 1, 2014		±2%	37	21	19	5	10	9	9	3	3	2	5	5	2	1	1	1	1	5	15	8

Polling for vice president

Graphical summary

From the start of the campaign period to Election Day

Polling firm	Fieldwork date	Sample size	MoE	Escudero	Marcos	Cayetano	Robredo	Honasan	Trillanes	Refused	Don't know	Undecided / None
Election results	May 9, 2016			12.01	34.47	14.38	35.11	1.92	2.11
SWS	Exit poll			11.0	34.6	14.9	32.8	2.5	2.1
D' Strafford	May 1–5, 2016		±1.2%	18	25	17	35	1	3	–	–	1
SWS	May 1–3, 2016		±1.0%	15	29	13	28	3	3	–	–	9
Standard	Apr 27-May 1, 2016		±1.8%	20	30	12	29	3	3	–	–	3
Argus	Apr 28–30, 2016		±1.9%	22	33	13	24	4	4	–	–	–
D' Strafford	Apr 25–29, 2016		±1.2%	18	28	16	34	2	1	–	–	1
Pulse Asia	Apr 26–29, 2016		±1.5%	18	28	15	30	3	2	–	–	4
The Center	Apr 23–29, 2016		±2.5%	18	31	15	25	5	3	–	–	3
Pulse Asia	Apr 19–24, 2016		±1.5%	18	31	15	26	2	3	–	–	5
SWS	Apr 18–20, 2016		±2%	18	25	16	26	2	5	–	3	5
Second vice presidential debate in Quezon City (April 17).
Pulse Asia	Apr 16–20, 2016		±2.3%	18	29	16	24	4	3	0.7	–	7
D' Strafford	Apr 13–18, 2016		±1.9%	23	25	17	32	1	2	–	–	–
Pulse Asia	Apr 12–17, 2016		±1.5%	20	29	16	23	4	3	1	3	1
The Center	Apr 11–16, 2016		±2.5%	23	29	15	25	4	3	–	–	1
First vice presidential debate in Manila (April 10).
Pulse Asia	Apr 5–10, 2016		±1.5%	23	27	17	21	4	3	1	2	1
The Center	Apr 1–7, 2016		±2.5%	22.5	28.5	16	23.5	4.25	3.75	–	–	1.75
Pulse Asia	Mar 29–Apr 3, 2016		±1.5%	21	28	15	22	4	5	–	–	5
MBC– DZRH	Apr 2, 2016		±1.13%	22.6	29.8	18.4	17.8	4.3	5.5	–	–	1.6
SWS	Mar 30–Apr 2, 2016		±3%	21	26	13	19	5	5	–	–	–
Standard	Mar 26–Apr 1, 2016		±1.8%	28	25	15	21	3	5	–	–	4
Pulse Asia	Mar 15-20, 2016		±1.5%	25	25	14	21	5	4	–	–	5
Pulse Asia	Mar 8-13, 2016		±1.5%	24	25	13	20	5	6	–	–	6
SWS	Mar 4-7, 2016		±2%	28	26	11	24	5	6	–	–	2
Pulse Asia	Mar 1-6, 2016		±1.9%	25	22	14	21	5	6	–	–	6
Standard	Feb 24-Mar 1, 2016		±1.8%	30	24	11	20	4	7	–	–	5
Pulse Asia	Feb 23-27, 2016		±1.9%	25	26	12	21	6	4	–	–	–
Pulse Asia	Feb 16-27, 2016		±1.4%	26	26	13	18	6	5	2	2	2
MBC– DZRH	Feb 13, 2016		±1.13%	26.8	25.1	14.8	18.8	5.5	6.2	–	–	2.7
Pulse Asia	Feb 15-20, 2016		±2%	29	26	12	19	4	6	–	–	3

From the end of candidacy filing to the start of the campaign period

Polling firm	Fieldwork date	Sample size	MoE	Escudero	Marcos	Cayetano	Robredo	Honasan	Trillanes	Alba	Others	Refused	Don't know	None
2016
SWS	Feb 5-7, 2016		±3%	26	26	16	19	6	5	–	–	–	–	2
Standard	Jan 27-Feb 4, 2016		±1.8%	31	25	15	20	5	4	–	–	–	–	–
Pulse Asia	Jan 24–28, 2016		±3%	33	23	14	18	5	4	–	–	0.3	1	2
SWS	Jan 8–10, 2016		±2%	28	25	14	17	8	3	1	2.3	2
RMN	Jan 5-14, 2016		±2.5%	32.14	21.60	17.36	14.06	6.32	6.01	–	–	–	–	2.52
2015
SWS	Dec 12–14, 2015		±3%	30	19	17	14	8	5	0.8	0.64	1
Standard	Dec 4–12, 2015		±2%	33	19	18	19	6	7	–	–	–	–	5
Pulse Asia	Dec 4–11, 2015		±2.6%	29	23	18	11	9	4	0.3	0.34	0.1	1	1
MBC– DZRH	Nov 27, 2015		±1.14%	28.49	24.62	18.25	12.53	6.11	7.75	–	–	–	–	2.25
RMN	Oct 25-Nov 5, 2015		±2.5%	38.10	18.70	11.90	13.65	5.94	5.38	–	–	–	–	6.33

Until candidacy filing ended on 16 October 2015

Polling firm	Fieldwork date	Sample size	MoE																		Others	Refused	Don't know	None
2015
Pulse Asia	Sep 8–15, 2015		±2%	24	23	9	–	13	–	–	–	–	4	5		–	3	–	5	4		3
SWS	Sep 2–5, 2015		±3%	27	20	5	9	7	24	–	–	2	7	3	5	–	3	–	4	4
Pulse Asia	Aug 27–Sep 3, 2015		±3%	26	25	7	–	7	–	–	–	–	–	–	–	–	2	–	–	–	–
RMN	Aug 11–18, 2015		±2.5%	36.01	21.36	–	–	11.82	–	–	–	–	–	–		–	–	–	–	–	–
SWS^[58]	Jun 5–8, 2015		±3%	21	7	2	3	1	7	2	–	–	3	3	1.4	0.7	–	12	1	1.1		22		8
Pulse Asia	May 30–Jun 5, 2015		±3%	41	15	12	9	9	–	–	–	–	–	6	–	–	1	–	–	5	1	1	0.2	3
IBON	May 13–23, 2015		±3%	15.9	2.5	–	–	–	6.8	1.9	–	–	–	–	–	–	–	5.1	–	–	7.8	13		60
Laylo	May 8–18, 2015		±2.6%	23	16	11	11	5	–	–	–	–	7	7	–	–	–		5	6	–
SWS^[59]	Mar 20–23, 2015		±3%	26	6	3	4	3	7	5	–	0.6	3	1.6	1.7	–	–	12	0.6	3	5	–	–	7
Pulse Asia	Mar 1–7, 2015		±3%	29	16	13	11	11	–	–	3	4	–	–	–	2	0.4	–	–	6	1	0.2	1	2
2014
Pulse Asia	Nov 14–20, 2014		±3%	33	20	13	–	8	–	–	6	5	–	–	–	3	1	–	–	8		–	1	2
Pulse Asia	Sep 8–15, 2014		±3%	31	19	9	–	6	–	–	5	5	–	–	–	3	3	–	6	7	–
Pulse Asia	Jun 24–Jul 6, 2014		±3%	26	22	14	–	8	–	–	5	5	–	–	–	4	1	–	4	6	Others: 1%	1	1	1
Pulse Asia	Mar 19–26, 2014		±3%	24	20	6	–	5	–	–	–	4	–	5	–	3	1	8	5	7		0.2	0.3	–

Notes and References

1. Web site: LOOK SWS partial exit poll for Bilang Pilipino. TV5. October 17, 2016. https://web.archive.org/web/20161018220132/http://interaksyon.com/article/127519/look--sws-partial-exit-poll-for-bilang-pilipino. October 18, 2016. dead. mdy-all.
2. News: May 7, 2016. Election 2016: May 2016. D' Strafford. dead. May 7, 2016. https://web.archive.org/web/20160512000531/http://www.dstrafford.com/election-2016--may-2016-survey.html. May 12, 2016.
3. News: May 6, 2016. Duterte widens lead in final pre-election SWS survey. Philippine Daily Inquirer. May 6, 2016.
4. News: May 6, 2016. Poe dikit uli kay Digong. Pilipino Star Ngayon. May 7, 2016.
5. News: May 5, 2016. Duterte on top. Manila Standard. May 5, 2016. May 5, 2016. https://web.archive.org/web/20160505200711/http://thestandard.com.ph/news/headlines/204916/duterte-on-top.html. dead.
6. News: May 3, 2016. Amid bank controversy, Duterte keeps survey lead. Rappler. May 3, 2016.
7. News: May 1, 2016. Roxas nangunguna sa D' Strafford survey. Philippine Star. May 2, 2016.
8. News: May 3, 2016. Marcos widens lead in new survey. The Manila Times. May 3, 2016.
9. News: April 30, 2016. Duterte, Marcos sustain leads in latest Pulse Asia survey. CNN Philippines. May 2, 2016. May 2, 2016. https://web.archive.org/web/20160502065445/http://cnnphilippines.com/news/2016/04/30/Duterte-Marcos-win-Pulse-Asia-survey.html. dead.
10. News: April 24, 2016. BusinessWorld-SWS April 2016 Survey: Duterte leads despite 'rape' joke; Leni, Bongbong tied in VP. News5. dead. April 24, 2016. https://web.archive.org/web/20160425111023/http://interaksyon.com/article/126852/businessworld-sws-april-2016-survey-duterte-leads-despite-rape-joke-leni-bongbong-tied-in-vp. April 25, 2016.
11. News: April 26, 2016. PULSE ASIA POLL: Duterte, Bongbong pad leads further. News5. dead. April 26, 2016. https://web.archive.org/web/20160427000922/http://interaksyon.com/article/126949/abs-cbn-pulse-asia-poll--duterte-bongbong-pad-leads-further. April 27, 2016.
12. News: April 20, 2016. Roxas, Poe 'tied' at top spot – D' Strafford poll. Sun Star Cebu. April 21, 2016. April 21, 2016. https://web.archive.org/web/20160421113209/http://www.sunstar.com.ph/manila/local-news/2016/04/20/roxas-poe-tied-top-spot-d-strafford-poll-468967. dead.
13. http://www.rappler.com/nation/politics/elections/2016/130556-abs-cbn-pulse-asia-survey-april-12-17-president Marcos still leading VP pick – ABS-CBN poll
14. News: April 23, 2016. It's still a 4-way fight: Duterte falls, Binay inches up. The Daily Tribune. April 23, 2016. April 25, 2016. https://web.archive.org/web/20160425134615/http://www.tribune.net.ph/headlines/it-s-still-a-4-way-fight-duterte-falls-binay-inches-up. dead.
15. News: April 19, 2016. Duterte continues surge in ABS-CBN poll. Rappler. April 18, 2016.
16. News: April 14, 2016. Duterte, Marcos top The Center poll. The Manila Bulletin. April 14, 2016.
17. News: Esguerra. Christian V.. April 12, 2016. Duterte overtakes Poe, claims lead in ABS-CBN survey. ABS-CBN News. April 12, 2016.
18. News: April 5, 2016. Duterte tops MBC-DZRH latest survey. DZRH. April 6, 2016.
19. News: April 10, 2016. Duterte leads in new SWS survey. BusinessWorld. April 11, 2016.
20. News: April 5, 2016. Duterte surges in Standard poll. Manila Standard. May 3, 2016. May 8, 2016. https://web.archive.org/web/20160508053950/http://manilastandardtoday.com/news/-main-stories/top-stories/202944/the-standard-poll-latest-results-march-26-april-1-2016-.html. dead.
21. News: Esguerra. Christian V.. April 1, 2016. Poe regains solo lead in ABS-CBN Pulse Asia survey. ABS-CBN News. April 1, 2016.
22. News: Panares. Joyce Pangco. 2016-03-07. Duterte catches up, ties Poe for lead: ABS-CBN survey. ABS-CBN Corporation. 22 March 2016.
23. Web site: Poe takes the lead; Robredo closes in. BusinessWorld. 2016-04-02. 2017-05-10. https://web.archive.org/web/20170510080314/http://bworldonline.com/content.php?section=TopStory&title=poe-takes-the-lead-robredo-closes-in&id=124440. dead.
24. Web site: Poe slightly ahead of Duterte in new Pulse Asia survey. 2016-03-15. 2016-03-17. https://web.archive.org/web/20160317024352/http://cnnphilippines.com/news/2016/03/15/Poe-Duterte-Pulse-Asia-survey.html. dead.
25. News: Panares. Joyce Pangco. 2016-03-07. Closer than ever. Manila Standard. March 7, 2016. 2016-03-07. https://web.archive.org/web/20160307103640/http://thestandard.com.ph/news/headlines/201088/closer-than-ever.html. dead.
26. News: 2016-03-09. Grace, Bongbong top people power week survey. Philippine Star. April 2, 2016.
27. News: 2016-03-09. Pulse Asia survey: Binay, Poe remain the top contenders. Manila Bulletin. April 2, 2016.
28. Web site: Holmes. Ronald D.. 2016-03-04. Pulse Asia Research's February 2016 Nationwide Survey on the May 2016 Elections. 6 March 2016. Pulse Asia.
29. News: February 18, 2016. DZRH News – Desisyon 2016: Poe, Chiz tops MBC second wave survey. DZRH.
30. News: February 18, 2016. Poe leads, Binay gains in MBC poll. The Manila Times.
31. Web site: 2016-02-16. BusinessWorld-SWS February 2016 Pre-Election Survey: Binay, Poe and Duterte lead over Roxas in Presidential race; Marcos and Escudero lead over Robredo and Cayetano in VP race; Sotto, Lacson, Recto and Pangilinan lead Senatorial race. 2016-01-18. www.sws.org.ph.
32. News: February 9, 2016. Poe keeps lead in Laylo survey. Standard. February 8, 2016. April 27, 2016. https://web.archive.org/web/20160427142810/http://thestandard.com.ph/news/headlines/198854/poe-keeps-lead-in-laylo-survey.html. dead.
33. News: December 21, 2015. Poe still ahead in tighter race. Philippine Daily Inquirer.
34. Web site: Binay leads over Poe, Roxas and Duterte in Presidential race; Escudero and Marcos lead over Robredo and Cayetano in VP race; Sotto, Lacson, Recto and Pangilinan lead Senatorial race. dead. https://web.archive.org/web/20160126095416/http://www.sws.org.ph/pr20160115.htm. 2016-01-26. 2016-01-15. www.sws.org.ph.
35. Web site: 2016-01-25. Duterte at Poe tabla sa pinakahuling RMN survey.
36. Web site: BusinessWorld-SWS December 2015 Pre-Election Survey: Poe, Binay, Roxas and Duterte lead Presidential race; Escudero leads over Robredo, Marcos and Cayetano in VP race; Sotto, Recto and Pangilinan lead Senatorial race. 2016-01-15. www.sws.org.ph.
37. News: December 21, 2015. Poe still ahead in tighter race. Standard.
38. News: December 22, 2015. VP Binay leads in latest Pulse Asia survey on 2016 presidential bets. GMA News Online.
39. News: December 4, 2015. Duterte tops MBC-DZRH pre-election survey. DZRH.
40. http://i360.photobucket.com/albums/oo46/LEONLEON_PHOTO/71eb8e12-ea2d-4c2f-8af9-caa2c0adeab2_zpsu9zrsqjl.jpg
41. Web site: Holmes. Ronald D.. 2015-09-28. Pulse Asia Research's September 2015 Nationwide Survey on the May 2016 Elections. 2015-10-08. pulseasia.ph.
42. Web site: BusinessWorld-SWS September 2015 Pre-Election Survey: Poe (26%), Binay (24%) and Roxas (20%) lead Presidential race. 2015-09-24. www.sws.org.ph.
43. News: 2015-09-24. Grace Poe tops Pulse Asia survey anew. In. 2015-09-24.
44. Web site: 2015-09-17. Binay holds small edge over Poe in recent poll. 2015-09-14. Sun.Star Manila.
45. Web site: Holmes. Ronald D.. 2015-06-18. Pulse Asia Research's June 2015 Nationwide Survey on the May 2016 Elections. 2015-06-18. PulseAsia.ph.
46. News: Pangco Panares. Joyce. 2015-06-02. Binay keeps slim lead over Poe. The New Standard. 2015-06-02.
47. Web site: Elizabeth. Marcelo. 2015-06-12. Grace Poe nearly ties VP Binay in latest poll survey. 2015-06-13. GMA News Online.
48. Web site: 2015-06-29. On the 2016 national elections. 2015-07-08. ibon.org.
49. News: 2015-03-17. Duterte is No. 3 in presidential preference poll. Rappler.com. 2015-03-18.
50. News: 2014-12-09. Poe surges in Nov Pulse survey, Binay drops by 5%. Rappler.com. 2014-12-09.
51. News: 2014-09-29. VP Binay's lead in presidential poll drops. Rappler.com. 2014-09-29.
52. News: 2014-07-18. Even with Aquino endorsement, more prefer Poe over Roxas. Rappler.com. 2014-07-20.
53. News: Hofileña. Chay F.. 2014-04-29. Binay runaway winner in presidential poll. Rappler.com. 2014-05-01.
54. Web site: Grace Poe still poll front runner, Mar Roxas No. 2 – SWS. 2015-09-20. Rappler. 20 September 2015 .
55. News: 2015-05-19. SWS: Grace Poe tops Binay as most preferred successor. Philippine Daily Inquirer. 2015-05-19.
56. News: Fernandez. Chuchay. Aquino. Tricia. 2015-04-16. SWS SURVEY | Grace Poe nears Binay-level popularity as 'presidentiable'; Duterte jumps, ties Mar. Interaksyon.com. 2015-04-16.
57. News: Avendaño. Christine O.. Salaverria. Leila B.. 2014-12-23. Binay, 37%; Poe, 21%; Roxas, 19%. Philippine Daily Inquirer. 2014-12-25.
58. News: Grace Poe still top choice for vice president – SWS . Rappler . 2015-06-23 . 2015-06-23.
59. News: First Quarter 2015 Social Weather Survey: Grace Poe tops the people's choice for Vice-President . SWS.org.ph . 2015-04-23 . 2015-04-23.

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