Opinion polling for the 2015 Canadian federal election explained
This table provides a list of scientific, nationwide public opinion polls that were conducted from the 2011 Canadian federal election leading up to the 2015 Canadian federal election, which was held on October 19, 2015. For riding-specific polls see 2015 constituency polls.
Campaign period
Graphical summary
Polling firm | Last date of polling | Link | CPC | NDP | LPC | BQ | GPC | Margin of error | Sample size | Polling method | Lead |
---|
| | | | |
---|
2015 election | | [1] | 31.9 | 19.7 | 39.5 | 4.7 | 3.4 | | | | | 7.6 |
| | | | | | | | | | | |
| | [2] | 30.5 | 19.7 | | 39.1 | 5.5 | 4.6 | ±3.5 pp | 800 | telephone | | 8.6 |
| | [3] | 30 | 20 | | 40 | 6 | 3 | ±3 pp | 1,373 | IVR | | 10 |
| | [4] | 31.9 | 20.4 | | 35.8 | 4.9 | 5.6 | ±2.1 pp | 2,122 | IVR/telephone – rolling (1/3) | | 3.9 |
| | [5] | 32.6 | 21.0 | | 34.3 | 5.4 | 5.4 | ±2.4 pp | 1,621 | IVR/telephone – rolling (1/2) | | 1.7 |
| | [6] | 31 | 22 | | 38 | 4 | 4 | ±2.2 pp | 2,503 | online/telephone | | 7 |
| | [7] | 30.5 | 22.1 | | 37.3 | 4.6 | 4.7 | ±2.2 pp | 2,000 | telephone – rolling (2/5) | | 6.8 |
| | [8] | 33.3 | 21.9 | | 33.7 | 4.7 | 4.1 | ±2.5 pp | 1,537 | IVR/telephone – rolling (1/2) | | 0.4 |
| | [9] | 30.7 | 22.6 | | 37.0 | 4.4 | 4.7 | ±2.5 pp | 1,600 | telephone – rolling (1/2) | | 6.3 |
| | [10] | 30 | 22 | | 38 | 6 | 4 | ±2.1 pp | 2,086 | online | | 8 |
| | [11] | 31 | 22 | | 35 | 5 | 5 | ±2.2 pp | 2,022 | online | | 4 |
Mainstreet Research | | [12] | 33 | 21 | | 38 | 4 | 5 | ±1.4 pp | 5,546 | IVR | | 5 |
| | [13] | 32.8 | 22.7 | | 34.0 | 3.4 | 5.1 | ±2.3 pp | 1,813 | IVR/telephone – rolling (1/3) | | 1.2 |
| | [14] | 30.6 | 23.5 | | 36.5 | 4.3 | 4.7 | ±2.8 pp | 1,200 | telephone – rolling (1/3) | | 5.9 |
| | [15] | 31 | 24 | | 37 | 6 | 2 | ±3 pp | 1,438 | IVR | | 6 |
| | [16] | 32.6 | 22.9 | | 33.5 | 3.4 | 5.6 | ±2.6 pp | 1,438 | IVR/telephone – rolling (1/3) | | 0.9 |
| | [17] | 29.4 | 23.7 | | 37.1 | 5.0 | 4.3 | ±2.8 pp | 1,200 | telephone – rolling (1/3) | | 7.7 |
| | [18] | 29.9 | 24.1 | | 34.1 | 3.8 | 6.4 | ±2.9 pp | 1,179 | IVR/telephone – rolling (1/3) | | 4.2 |
| | [19] | 29.2 | 24.5 | | 36.1 | 5.2 | 4.3 | ±2.8 pp | 1,200 | telephone – rolling (1/3) | | 6.9 |
| | [20] | 31 | 24 | | 37 | 5 | 2 | ±3.0 pp | 1,349 | online | | 6 |
| | [21] | 31.1 | 20.6 | | 35.6 | 3.2 | 7.5 | ±2.9 pp | 1,115 | IVR/telephone – rolling (2/3) | | 4.5 |
| | [22] | 28.9 | 24.3 | | 35.7 | 5.7 | 4.8 | ±2.8 pp | 1,200 | telephone – rolling (1/3) | | 6.8 |
Innovative Research | | [23] | 30 | 22 | | 38 | 3 | 6 | ±3.1 pp | 1,143 | telephone | | 8 |
| | [24] | | 35.5 | 19.0 | 33.1 | 3.3 | 7.4 | ±2.6 pp | 1,428 | IVR/telephone – rolling (2/3) | | 2.4 |
| | [25] | 29.0 | 25.0 | | 35.1 | 5.2 | 5.1 | ±2.8 pp | 1,200 | telephone – rolling (1/3) | | 6.1 |
| | [26] | 31 | 23 | | 37 | 5 | 3 | ±3 pp | 1,427 | IVR | | 6 |
| | [27] | 28.6 | 24.9 | | 34.8 | 5.5 | 5.4 | ±2.8 pp | 1,200 | telephone – rolling (1/3) | | 6.2 |
| | [28] | | 33 | 25 | 31 | 6 | 3 | ±3 pp | 1,083 | online | | 2 |
| | [29] | 33.7 | 20.4 | | 33.8 | 3.5 | 7.2 | ±2.4 pp | 1,618 | IVR/telephone – rolling (1/3) | | 0.1 |
| | [30] | 31.0 | 25.0 | | 34.0 | 5.3 | 4.2 | ±2.8 pp | 1,200 | telephone – rolling (1/3) | | 3.0 |
Innovative Research | | [31] | 30 | 24 | | 35 | 5 | 5 | n.a | 3,417 | online | | 5 |
| | [32] | | 36 | 20 | 35 | 4 | 5 | ±1.3 pp | 5,630 | IVR | | 1 |
| | [33] | 30 | 25 | | 34 | 6 | 4 | ±2.1 pp | 2,087 | online | | 4 |
| | [34] | 32.5 | 21.1 | | 34.1 | 3.6 | 7.3 | ±2.3 pp | 1,753 | IVR/telephone – rolling (1/3) | | 1.6 |
| | [35] | 31.6 | 24.2 | | 33.5 | 5.6 | 4.6 | ±2.8 pp | 1,200 | telephone – rolling (1/3) | | 1.9 |
| | [36] | 31 | 26 | | 35 | 4 | 3 | ±3 pp | 1,447 | IVR | | 4 |
| | [37] | | 33 | 24 | 32 | 4 | 5 | ±2.2 pp | 2,000 | online | | 1 |
| | [38] | | 34.1 | 21.4 | 32.3 | 4.0 | 6.9 | ±2.3 pp | 1,788 | IVR/telephone – rolling (1/3) | | 1.8 |
| | [39] | 32.1 | 23.0 | | 34.3 | 5.1 | 4.6 | ±2.8 pp | 1,200 | telephone – rolling (1/3) | | 2.2 |
| | [40] | | 35.1 | 22.2 | 30.9 | 4.0 | 6.6 | ±2.4 pp | 1,658 | IVR/telephone – rolling | | 4.2 |
| | [41] | 31.5 | 23.1 | | 35.0 | 4.9 | 4.6 | ±2.8 pp | 1,200 | telephone – rolling (1/3) | | 3.5 |
| | [42] | | 33 | 26 | 32 | 5 | 3 | ±2.9 pp | 1,441 | online | | 1 |
| | [43] | 31.0 | 22.8 | | 35.6 | 4.8 | 4.7 | ±2.8 pp | 1,200 | telephone – rolling (1/3) | | 4.6 |
| | [44] | 31.0 | 24.3 | | 35.3 | 4.3 | 4.5 | ±2.8 pp | 1,200 | telephone – rolling (1/3) | | 4.3 |
| | [45] | 30.5 | 25.1 | | 34.6 | 4.5 | 4.8 | ±2.8 pp | 1,200 | telephone – rolling (1/3) | | 4.1 |
| | [46] | | 37 | 24 | 29 | 4 | 7 | ±1.4 pp | 5,197 | IVR | | 8 |
Innovative Research | | [47] | 29 | 29 | | 31 | 5 | 6 | n.a | 1,562 | online | | 2 |
| | [48] | 31.9 | 25.9 | | 33.5 | 4.3 | 3.9 | ±2.8 pp | 1,200 | telephone – rolling (1/3) | | 1.6 |
| | [49] | 30 | 26 | | 32 | 6 | 6 | ±2.1 pp | 2,107 | online | | 2 |
| | [50] | | 34 | 27 | 27 | 6 | 5 | ±2.5 pp | 2,021 | online | | 7 |
| | [51] | | 32.8 | 26.1 | 31.7 | 4.8 | 4.1 | ±2.8 pp | 1,200 | telephone – rolling (1/3) | | 1.1 |
| | [52] | | 34 | 28 | 27 | 5 | 5 | ±3 pp | 1,499 | IVR | | 6 |
| | [53] | 32.1 | 26.3 | | 32.2 | 4.6 | 4.4 | ±2.8 pp | 1,200 | telephone – rolling (1/3) | | 0.1 |
| | [54] | | 33.4 | 25.6 | 26.7 | 5.3 | 7.8 | ±1.9 pp | 2,609 | IVR | | 6.7 |
| | [55] | | 32.6 | 27.0 | 31.4 | 4.4 | 4.0 | ±2.8 pp | 1,200 | telephone – rolling (1/3) | | 1.2 |
| | [56] | 32 | 27 | | 33 | 4 | 4 | ±3.0 pp | 1,354 | online | | 1 |
| | [57] | | 33.0 | 26.9 | 31.6 | 4.2 | 3.6 | ±2.8 pp | 1,200 | telephone – rolling (1/3) | | 1.4 |
| | [58] | | 32 | 27 | 29 | 5 | 5 | ±1.6 pp | 3,814 | online | | 3 |
| | [59] | 31.5 | 27.6 | | 32.5 | 4.0 | 3.7 | ±2.8 pp | 1,200 | telephone – rolling (1/3) | | 1.0 |
| | [60] | 29.6 | 30.3 | | 31.8 | 3.1 | 4.5 | ±2.8 pp | 1,200 | telephone – rolling (1/3) | | 1.5 |
| | [61] | 28.9 | 31.1 | | 32.3 | 2.5 | 4.2 | ±2.8 pp | 1,200 | telephone – rolling (1/3) | | 1.2 |
Innovative Research | | [62] | | 31 | 29 | 28 | 3 | 8 | n.a. | 2,805 | online | | 2 |
| | [63] | | 31 | 28 | | 31 | 4 | 4 | ±3 pp | 1,557 | IVR | Tie |
| | [64] | 30.5 | 30.8 | | 31.5 | 2.3 | 3.7 | ±2.8 pp | 1,200 | telephone – rolling (1/3) | | 0.7 |
| | [65] | | 31 | 29 | | 31 | 5 | 5 | ±2.1 pp | 2,115 | online | Tie |
Innovative Research | | [66] | | 32 | 27 | 30 | 3 | 7 | ±2.5 pp | 1,784 | telephone | | 2 |
| | [67] | 31.5 | 29.1 | | 31.6 | 2.6 | 4.2 | ±2.8 pp | 1,200 | telephone – rolling (1/3) | | 0.1 |
| | [68] | | 35.4 | 24.5 | 26.3 | 4.2 | 7.7 | ±2.0 pp | 2,343 | IVR | | 9.1 |
| | [69] | | 31.3 | 29.4 | 30.3 | 3.4 | 4.6 | ±2.8 pp | 1,200 | telephone – rolling (1/3) | | 1.0 |
| | [70] | 27 | 30 | | 33 | 5 | 4 | ±3.4 pp | 1,103 | online | | 3 |
| | [71] | | 31.0 | 29.1 | 29.4 | 3.8 | 5.5 | ±2.8 pp | 1,200 | telephone – rolling (1/3) | | 1.6 |
| | [72] | | 30.8 | 29.1 | 30.3 | 3.7 | 5.1 | ±2.8 pp | 1,200 | telephone – rolling (1/3) | | 0.5 |
| | [73] | | 33 | 29 | 29 | 4 | 4 | ±3 pp | 922 | IVR | | 4 |
| | [74] | 30.4 | | 28.9 | | 30.8 | 3.0 | 6.0 | ±2.8 pp | 1,200 | telephone – rolling (1/3) | | 0.4 |
| | [75] | 29.1 | | 31.3 | 31.0 | 2.3 | 5.8 | ±2.8 pp | 1,200 | telephone – rolling (1/3) | | 0.3 |
| | [76] | 30.1 | 30.4 | | 30.9 | 2.5 | 5.8 | ±2.8 pp | 1,200 | telephone – rolling (1/3) | | 0.5 |
| | [77] | | 32 | 30 | 28 | 4 | 6 | ±3 pp | 1,402 | IVR | | 2 |
| | [78] | 29.0 | | 31.6 | 30.1 | 2.8 | 5.3 | ±2.8 pp | 1,200 | telephone – rolling (1/3) | | 1.5 |
| | [79] | 26 | | 34 | 29 | 4 | 8 | ±3.6 pp | 1,001 | telephone | | 5 |
| | [80] | 29.6 | | 29.9 | 27.4 | 3.7 | 7.6 | ±1.9 pp | 2,704 | IVR | | 0.3 |
| | [81] | | 31.0 | 30.4 | 29.6 | 2.9 | 4.8 | ±2.8 pp | 1,200 | telephone – rolling (1/3) | | 0.6 |
| | [82] | 29 | | 32 | 31 | 4 | 4 | ±3.6 pp | 980 | online | | 1 |
| | [83] | 30.2 | | 31.3 | 30.3 | 2.6 | 4.3 | ±2.8 pp | 1,200 | telephone – rolling (1/3) | | 1.0 |
| | [84] | | 31.7 | 30.8 | 30.5 | 2.5 | 4.1 | ±2.8 pp | 1,200 | telephone – rolling (1/3) | | 0.9 |
| | [85] | 29 | | 31 | 29 | 4 | 6 | ±2.6 pp | 1,500 | online | | 2 |
| | [86] | 30.9 | 30.1 | | 31.7 | 2.8 | 4.0 | ±2.8 pp | 1,200 | telephone – rolling (1/3) | | 0.8 |
| | [87] | 28 | | 36 | 29 | 3 | 3 | ±3 pp | 1,308 | IVR | | 7 |
| | [88] | 30.8 | 29.9 | | 30.9 | 3.2 | 4.6 | ±2.8 pp | 1,200 | telephone – rolling (1/3) | | 0.1 |
Innovative Research | | [89] | 28 | | 31 | 30 | 4 | 6 | ±2.2 pp | 2,121 | online | | 1 |
| | [90] | 28.6 | 30.6 | | 32.1 | 3.6 | 4.8 | ±2.8 pp | 1,200 | telephone – rolling (1/3) | | 1.5 |
| | [91] | 25.9 | 31.2 | | 32.5 | 3.7 | 6.1 | ±2.8 pp | 1,200 | telephone – rolling (1/3) | | 1.3 |
| | [92] | 29 | | 34 | 30 | 3 | 3 | ±3.6 pp | 949 | online | | 4 |
| | [93] | | 31.8 | 29.6 | 26.9 | 4.6 | 5.9 | ±1.9 pp | 2,677 | IVR | | 2.2 |
| | [94] | 26.2 | | 32.7 | 30.8 | 3.7 | 6.0 | ±2.8 pp | 1,200 | telephone – rolling | | 1.9 |
| | [95] | 28 | | 31 | 30 | 4 | 5 | ±2.1 pp | 2,119 | online | | 1 |
| | [96] | 24 | | 36 | 32 | 4 | 4 | ±3 pp | 1,384 | IVR | | 4 |
| | [97] | 29.5 | | 30.2 | 27.7 | 4.2 | 6.4 | ±1.7 pp | 3,243 | IVR | | 0.7 |
| | [98] | 30 | | 31 | 28 | 3 | 7 | ±2.6 pp | 1,500 | online | | 1 |
| | [99] | 28.8 | | 30.8 | 29.7 | 4.2 | 5.4 | ±3.1 pp | 1,000 | telephone – rolling (1/4) | | 1.1 |
Innovative Research | | [100] | 30 | | 32 | 27 | 4 | 6 | ±1.7 pp | 3,274 | online | | 2 |
| | [101] | 29 | | 33 | 30 | 4 | 4 | ±3.5 pp | 1,000 | online | | 3 |
| | [102] | 28.1 | | 33.6 | 26.7 | 4.1 | 5.8 | ±1.7 pp | 3,524 | IVR | | 5.5 |
| | [103] | 23 | | 40 | 30 | 3 | 3 | ±3 pp | 1,440 | IVR | | 10 |
| | [104] | 32 | | 36 | 23 | 4 | 4 | ±1.2 pp | 6,226 | online | | 4 |
| | [105] | | 30.1 | 29.1 | 29.9 | 4.7 | 5.2 | ±3.1 pp | 1,000 | telephone – rolling (1/4) | | 0.2 |
| | [106] | 29 | | 34 | 28 | 4 | 4 | ±3 pp | 1,473 | IVR | | 5 |
| | [107] | 29 | | 35 | 26 | 3 | 6 | ±2.6 pp | 1,439 | online | | 6 |
| | [108] | | 31.8 | 29.0 | 28.7 | 4.5 | 5.3 | ±3.1 pp | 1,000 | telephone – rolling (1/4) | | 2.8 |
| | [109] | 27 | | 33 | 28 | 5 | 6 | ±2.1 pp | 2,095 | online | | 5 |
| | [110] | | 31 | 30 | 29 | 4 | 6 | ±1.35 pp | 5,401 | IVR | | 1 |
| | [111] | 28 | | 34 | 27 | 6 | 4 | ±3 pp | 1,392 | IVR | | 6 |
| | [112] | 30.4 | | 31.8 | 24.2 | 4.2 | 7.3 | ±1.8 pp | 3,055 | IVR | | 1.4 |
| | [113] | | 30.8 | | 33.0 | 27.8 | 3.9 | 4.0 | ±2.38 pp | 2,022 | telephone/online | | 2.2 |
| | [114] | | 31.2 | 30.4 | 28.6 | 4.2 | 5.0 | ±3.1 pp | 1,000 | telephone – rolling (1/4) | | 0.8 |
| | [115] | 28 | | 39 | 25 | 5 | 3 | ±3 pp | 1,399 | IVR | | 11 |
|
Notes
In cases when linked poll details distinguish between the margin of error associated with the total sample of respondents (including undecided and non-voters) and that of the subsample of decided/leaning voters, the latter is included in the table. Also not included is the margin of error created by rounding to the nearest whole number or any margin of error from methodological sources. Most online polls—because of their opt-in method of recruiting panellists which results in a non-random sample—cannot have a margin of error. In such cases, shown is what the margin of error would be for a survey using a random probability-based sample of equivalent size.
Refers to the total sample size, including undecided and non-voters.
"Telephone" refers to traditional telephone polls conducted by live interviewers; "IVR" refers to automated Interactive Voice Response polls conducted by telephone; "online" refers to polls conducted exclusively over the internet; "telephone/online" refers to polls which combine results from both telephone and online surveys, or for which respondents are initially recruited by telephone and then asked to complete an online survey. "Rolling" polls contain overlapping data from one poll to the next, with the fraction in parentheses indicating the proportion of independent data compared to the previous published poll in the series.
Identifies polling firms that explicitly apply a "likely voter" turnout adjustment to their top-line results.
Pre-campaign period
Graphical summary
Polling firm | Last date of polling | Link | CPC | NDP | LPC | BQ | GPC | Margin of error | Sample size | Polling method | Lead |
---|
| | | | |
---|
| | [116] | | 31.5 | 30.1 | 29.3 | 3.3 | 5.4 | ±3.1 pp | 1,000 | telephone – rolling (1/2) | | 1.4 |
Innovative Research | | [117] | 29.3 | | 33.7 | 25.8 | 4.6 | 5.6 | ±1.9 pp | 2,833 | online | | 4.4 |
| | [118] | | 33 | | 33 | 25 | 4 | 4 | ±3.0 pp | 1,397 | IVR | Tie |
| | [119] | 30.1 | | 33.8 | 23.4 | 4.7 | 6.1 | ±2.1 pp | 2,247 | IVR | | 3.7 |
| | [120] | 33 | | 34 | 25 | 5 | 3 | ±2.5 pp | 1,571 | online | | 1 |
| | [121] | | 38 | 27 | 25 | 4 | 6 | ±1.37 pp | 5,147 | IVR | | 11 |
| | [122] | 28 | | 34 | 29 | 5 | 4 | ±3.0 pp | 1,208 | IVR | | 6 |
| | [123] | | 31 | | 31 | 27 | 5 | 6 | ±3.1 pp | 1,000 | telephone – rolling | Tie |
| | [124] | | 32 | | 32 | 25 | 5 | 6 | ±2.5 pp | 1,545 | online | Tie |
| | [125] | 29.4 | | 32.6 | 24.0 | 5.3 | 6.6 | ±2.0 pp | 2,538 | IVR | | 3.2 |
| | [126] | 27 | | 34 | 27 | 7 | 5 | ±3.0 pp | 1,251 | IVR | | 7 |
| | [127] | | 32 | | 32 | 26 | 5 | 3 | ±3.0 pp | 1,200 | IVR | Tie |
| | [128] | 29 | | 32 | 27 | 6 | 6 | ±2.2 pp | 2,000 | online | | 3 |
| | [129] | 27 | | 32 | 29 | 6 | 4 | ±3.0 pp | 1,221 | IVR | | 3 |
| | [130] | 27.3 | | 30.9 | 25.6 | 6.3 | 6.6 | ±2.3 pp | 1,752 | IVR | | 3.6 |
| | [131] | 28 | | 36 | 28 | 5 | 2 | ±3.0 pp | 1,268 | IVR | | 8 |
| | [132] | 28 | | 35 | 29 | 6 | 2 | ±2.5 pp | 2,003 | online | | 6 |
| | [133] | 28 | | 30 | 28 | 6 | 7 | ±2.4 pp | 2,003 | telephone | | 2 |
| | [134] | 26 | | 34 | 28 | 7 | 5 | ±3.0 pp | 1,281 | IVR | | 6 |
| | [135] | 29.4 | | 30.2 | 25.0 | 5.9 | 7.1 | ±1.6 pp | 3,834 | IVR | | 0.8 |
| | [136] | 26.9 | | 33.6 | 23.3 | 5.1 | 7.3 | ±2.0 pp | 2,491 | IVR | | 6.7 |
| | [137] | 31 | | 36 | 23 | 5 | 5 | ±1.2 pp | 6,005 | online | | 5 |
| | [138] | 31 | 28 | | 32 | 3 | 5 | ±3.0 pp | 1,156 | IVR | | 1 |
| | [139] | 29.2 | | 31.3 | 23.9 | 4.8 | 7.4 | ±2.1 pp | 2,204 | IVR | | 2.1 |
| | [140] | | 31 | 28 | 28 | 4 | 7 | ±2.6 pp | 1,500 | online | | 3 |
| | [141] | | 31 | 30 | | 31 | 4 | 4 | ±3.5 pp | 1,003 | online | Tie |
| | [142] | | 32 | 30 | 29 | 4 | 5 | ±3.1 pp | 1,000 | telephone – rolling (1/2) | | 2 |
| | [143] | | 29.5 | 28.9 | 26.8 | 4.1 | 7.8 | ±1.8 pp | 2,934 | IVR | | 0.6 |
| | [144] | 28.1 | | 29.6 | 26.1 | 5.4 | 7.6 | ±1.9 pp | 2,675 | IVR | | 1.5 |
| | [145] | | 32.9 | 25.2 | 31.3 | 3.6 | 5.3 | ±3.1 pp | 1,000 | telephone – rolling | | 1.6 |
| | [146] | | 31 | 30 | | 31 | 3 | 4 | ±3.0 pp | 1,286 | IVR | Tie |
| | [147] | | 30.0 | 29.1 | 27.0 | 4.1 | 8.0 | ±2.1 pp | 2,177 | IVR | | 0.9 |
| | [148] | | 30.3 | 24.2 | 29.6 | 4.2 | 7.3 | ±1.8 pp | 3,017 | IVR | | 0.7 |
| | [149] | 33 | 21 | | 34 | 4 | 7 | ±2.5 pp | 1,488 | online | | 1 |
| | [150] | | 32.4 | 21.9 | 28.7 | 4.1 | 9.9 | ±1.6 pp | 3,757 | IVR | | 3.7 |
| | [151] | | 36 | 24 | 28 | 5 | 6 | ±2.6 pp | 1,500 | online | | 8 |
| | [152] | | 35 | 23 | 31 | 5 | 6 | ±3.0 pp | 977 | IVR | | 4 |
| | [153] | | 31.8 | 23.5 | 27.6 | 4.9 | 7.5 | ±1.6 pp | 3,850 | IVR | | 4.0 |
| | [154] | 29 | 25 | | 34 | 4 | 8 | ±3.1 pp | 1,000 | telephone – rolling | | 5 |
| | [155] | 33 | 22 | | 35 | 3 | 6 | ±3.0 pp | 1,365 | IVR | | 2 |
| | [156] | | 32.2 | 22.7 | 28.5 | 4.9 | 8.0 | ±1.7 pp | 3,399 | IVR | | 3.7 |
| | [157] | | 35 | 25 | 33 | 4 | 3 | ±3.5 pp | 1,001 | online | | 2 |
| | [158] | 28.7 | 22.9 | | 30.1 | 4.2 | 9.2 | ±1.7 pp | 3,306 | IVR | | 1.4 |
| | [159] | 31 | 23 | | 34 | 5 | 5 | ±3.0 pp | 1,239 | IVR | | 3 |
| | [160] | | 31.9 | 22.6 | 27.6 | 5.2 | 9.6 | ±1.6 pp | 3,901 | IVR | | 4.3 |
Oraclepoll Research | | [161] | | 35.3 | 18.7 | 31.4 | 5.9 | 8.7 | ±1.8 pp | 3,040 | telephone | | 3.9 |
| | [162] | | 31.8 | 23.2 | 28.5 | 4.7 | 8.7 | ±1.5 pp | 4,311 | IVR | | 3.3 |
| | [163] | 32 | 23 | | 33 | 4 | 6 | ±3.1 pp | 1,000 | online | | 1 |
| | [164] | 34 | 20 | | 35 | 4 | 6 | ±2.5 pp | 1,511 | online | | 1 |
| | [165] | 30.2 | 21.2 | | 32.1 | 4.8 | 7.9 | ±1.6 pp | 3,832 | IVR | | 1.9 |
| | [166] | 32 | 21 | | 36 | 4 | 6 | ±3.0 pp | 1,370 | IVR | | 4 |
| | [167] | | 32.9 | 19.7 | 30.5 | 4.8 | 8.8 | ±1.8 pp | 2,950 | IVR | | 2.4 |
| | [168] | | 32.2 | 19.9 | 31.3 | 4.6 | 9.0 | ±1.7 pp | 3,241 | IVR | | 0.9 |
| | [169] | 33 | 23 | | 34 | 5 | 5 | ±3.1 pp | 1,000 | telephone – rolling | | 1 |
| | [170] | 31.1 | 22.1 | | 31.9 | 4.5 | 7.5 | ±1.6 pp | 3,607 | IVR | | 0.8 |
| | [171] | 33 | 23 | | 34 | 6 | 3 | ±2.2 pp | 2,650 | online | | 1 |
| | [172] | | 32.3 | 19.1 | 31.6 | 5.4 | 8.0 | ±1.7 pp | 3,386 | IVR | | 0.7 |
| | [173] | | 35 | 21 | 34 | 4 | 4 | ±2.6 pp | 1,460 | online | | 1 |
| | [174] | 32 | 17 | | 39 | 4 | 5 | ±3.0 pp | 1,018 | IVR | | 7 |
| | [175] | 32.0 | 18.9 | | 33.8 | 4.2 | 8.5 | ±1.8 pp | 3,005 | IVR | | 1.8 |
| | [176] | | 35.0 | 17.9 | 32.2 | 3.8 | 8.0 | ±1.8 pp | 2,974 | IVR | | 2.8 |
| | [177] | 32 | 20 | | 35 | 5 | 6 | ±2.5 pp | 1,507 | online | | 3 |
| | [178] | | 35 | 20 | 34 | 5 | 6 | ±3.0 pp | 1,382 | IVR | | 1 |
| | [179] | | 33 | 24 | 32 | 4 | 5 | ±3.1 pp | 1,005 | online | | 1 |
| | [180] | 31.0 | 19.1 | | 33.1 | 4.4 | 8.9 | ±1.5 pp | 4,412 | IVR | | 2.1 |
| | [181] | | 35 | 24 | 31 | 6 | 4 | ±2.6 pp | 1,915 | online | | 4 |
| | [182] | 33 | 20 | | 37 | 4 | 5 | ±2.0 pp | 1,741 | IVR | | 4 |
| | [183] | | 34 | 22 | 33 | 4 | 6 | ±2.6 pp | 1,438 | online | | 1 |
| | [184] | 29.8 | 20.2 | | 33.8 | 5.3 | 7.7 | ±1.7 pp | 2,183 | IVR | | 3.0 |
| | [185] | | 34 | 22 | | 34 | 4 | 5 | ±1.2 pp | 6,325 | online | Tie |
| | [186] | 30.8 | 20.0 | | 31.8 | 5.0 | 7.8 | ±1.7 pp | 3,276 | IVR | | 1 |
| | [187] | 33 | 17 | | 41 | 3 | 5 | ±2.0 pp | 1,658 | IVR | | 8 |
| | [188] | 32 | 19 | | 38 | 4 | 6 | ±2.5 pp | 1,521 | online | | 6 |
| | [189] | 33 | 24 | | 34 | 5 | 4 | ±1.2 pp | 8,268 | online | | 1 |
| | [190] | 33 | 18 | | 36 | 4 | 8 | ±3.0 pp | 1,500 | IVR | | 3 |
| | [191] | 30.2 | 20.5 | | 33.5 | 3.5 | 9.7 | ±2.5 pp | 1,561 | IVR | | 3.3 |
| | [192] | 33 | 19 | | 36 | 3 | 7 | ±2.5 pp | 1,493 | online | | 3 |
| | [193] | 30 | 24 | | 35 | 4 | 6 | ±2.3 pp | 1,850 | online | | 5 |
| | [194] | 27.8 | 21.4 | | 33.4 | 5.5 | 8.2 | ±2.4 pp | 1,628 | IVR | | 5.6 |
| | [195] | 30 | 25 | | 32 | 4 | 8 | ±2.8 pp | 1,248 | online | | 2 |
| | [196] | 32 | 21 | | 37 | 4 | 5 | ±2.5 pp | 1,524 | online | | 5 |
| | [197] | 26.4 | 25.0 | | 38.5 | 3.1 | 5.7 | ±2.4 pp | 1,671 | telephone/online | | 12.1 |
| | [198] | 34 | 19 | | 38 | 4 | 4 | ±2.5 pp | 1,504 | IVR | | 4 |
| | [199] | 24.9 | 24.4 | | 38.3 | 4.0 | 7.7 | ±2.5 pp | 1,549 | telephone/online | | 13.4 |
| | [200] | 30 | 22 | | 36 | 4 | 6 | ±2.5 pp | 1,502 | online | | 6 |
| | [201] | 30 | 23 | | 38 | 3 | 5 | ±3.1 pp | 1,075 | online | | 8 |
| | [202] | 31 | 23 | | 38 | 5 | 3 | ±2.8 pp | 1,605 | online | | 7 |
| | [203] | 34 | 18 | | 40 | 4 | 3 | ±3.0 pp | 1,267 | IVR | | 6 |
| | [204] | 32 | 17 | | 41 | 5 | 5 | ±2.0 pp | 1,798 | IVR | | 9 |
| | [205] | 29 | 22 | | 35 | 5 | 7 | ±2.5 pp | 1,614 | online | | 6 |
| | [206] | 31 | 24 | | 38 | 3 | 3 | ±3.5 pp | 1,012 | online | | 7 |
| | [207] | 25.6 | 23.4 | | 38.7 | 3.7 | 7.1 | ±1.9 pp | 2,620 | telephone/online | | 12.1 |
| | [208] | 28 | 18 | | 44 | 5 | 3 | ±2.0 pp | 1,624 | IVR | | 16 |
| | [209] | 31 | 23 | | 34 | 5 | 6 | ±2.2 pp | 2,000 | online | | 3 |
| | [210] | 31 | 19 | | 39 | 4 | 5 | ±2.0 pp | 1,683 | IVR | | 8 |
| | [211] | | 31 | 27 | 30 | 5 | 6 | ±1.2 pp | 6,264 | online | | 1 |
| | [212] | | 31 | 25 | 30 | 5 | 7 | ±3.4 pp | 1,503 | online | | 1 |
| | [213] | 30 | 23 | | 36 | 6 | 5 | ±2.0 pp | 1,694 | IVR | | 6 |
| | [214] | 27.6 | 21.4 | | 34.9 | 5.3 | 8.2 | ±1.6 pp | 3,677 | IVR | | 7.3 |
| | [215] | 30 | 20 | | 39 | 6 | 4 | ±2.0 pp | 1,572 | IVR | | 9 |
| | [216] | | 33 | 24 | | 33 | 6 | 4 | ±3.5 pp | 1,014 | online | Tie |
| | [217] | | 32 | 26 | 30 | 5 | 6 | ±3.4 pp | 1,505 | online | | 2 |
| | [218] | 26.7 | 21.8 | | 35.8 | 4.8 | 8.1 | ±1.5 pp | 4,134 | IVR | | 9.1 |
| | [219] | 29 | 22 | | 39 | 5 | 3 | ±2.0 pp | 1,764 | IVR | | 10 |
| | [220] | 28 | 27 | | 33 | 5 | 6 | ±1.2 pp | 6,445 | online | | 5 |
| | [221] | 28 | 23 | | 34 | 8 | 6 | ±2.8 pp | 1,249 | online | | 6 |
| | [222] | 29 | 21 | | 39 | 6 | 4 | ±2.0 pp | 1,824 | IVR | | 10 |
| | [223] | 29 | 24 | | 37 | 5 | 5 | ±3.5 pp | 1,034 | online | | 8 |
| | [224] | 28 | 26 | | 33 | 5 | 6 | ±2.5 pp | 1,514 | online | | 5 |
| | [225] | 28.7 | 23.2 | | 34.0 | 6.4 | 5.3 | ±3.4 pp | 1,000 | telephone | | 5.3 |
| | [226] | 29 | 27 | | 33 | 7 | 4 | ±3.5 pp | 1,001 | online | | 4 |
| | [227] | 29.7 | 24.3 | | 33.2 | 4.5 | 6.2 | ±2.5 pp | 1,501 | telephone/online | | 3.5 |
| | [228] | 28 | 24 | | 38 | 5 | 4 | ±3.0 pp | 1,228 | IVR | | 10 |
| | [229] | 28 | 24 | | 34 | 5 | 7 | ±2.2 pp | 1,996 | online | | 6 |
| | [230] | 28 | 25 | | 37 | 5 | 4 | ±2.0 pp | 1,779 | IVR | | 9 |
| | [231] | 26.2 | 22.9 | | 32.1 | 6.3 | 9.3 | ±1.7 pp | 3,468 | IVR | | 5.9 |
| | [232] | 32 | 21 | | 38 | 5 | 3 | ±2.0 pp | 1,634 | IVR | | 6 |
| | [233] | 29 | 26 | | 35 | 6 | 3 | ±3.5 pp | 1,014 | online | | 6 |
| | [234] | 26 | 23 | | 36 | 7 | 7 | ±2.2 pp | 2,034 | telephone | | 10 |
| | [235] | 29 | 22 | | 38 | 6 | 4 | ±2.0 pp | 1,834 | IVR | | 9 |
| | [236] | 26.4 | 24.9 | | 37.4 | 5.2 | 5.2 | ±2.6 pp | 1,377 | telephone/online | | 11.0 |
| | [237] | 30 | | 31 | | 31 | 6 | 2 | ±3.4 pp | 1,102 | online | Tie |
| | [238] | 28 | 20 | | 40 | 6 | 5 | ±3.0 pp | 1,007 | IVR | | 12 |
| | [239] | 30 | 19 | | 39 | 7 | 5 | ±2.0 pp | 1,859 | IVR | | 9 |
| | [240] | | 32 | 23 | | 32 | 5 | 7 | ±2.6 pp | 1,459 | online | Tie |
| | [241] | 31 | 27 | | 33 | 6 | 2 | ±3.4 pp | 1,042 | online | | 2 |
| | [242] | 29 | 23 | | 37 | 5 | 5 | ±3.5 pp | 1,000 | telephone | | 8 |
| | [243] | 26.1 | 24.9 | | 36.3 | 5.0 | 6.5 | ±2.5 pp | 1,554 | telephone/online | | 10.2 |
| | [244] | | 32 | 26 | 31 | 7 | 3 | ±3.5 pp | 1,035 | online | | 1 |
| | [245] | 31 | 21 | | 36 | 7 | 4 | ±3.0 pp | 1,527 | IVR | | 5 |
| | [246] | 29 | 24 | | 33 | 6 | 6 | ±2.2 pp | 2,020 | telephone | | 4 |
| | [247] | | 30 | 27 | 29 | 8 | 4 | ±2.5 pp | 1,600 | online | | 1 |
| | [248] | 30 | 25 | | 33 | 5 | 5 | ±3.5 pp | 1,000 | telephone | | 3 |
| | [249] | 29 | 22 | | 38 | 6 | 4 | ±3.0 pp | 1,189 | IVR | | 9 |
| | [250] | 29.7 | 24.8 | | 35.7 | 3.9 | 5.5 | ±3.3 pp | 1,000 | telephone/online | | 6.0 |
| | [251] | 31.9 | 22.8 | | 35.3 | 2.5 | 5.9 | ±2.2 pp | 2,000 | telephone | | 3.4 |
| | [252] | 31 | 22 | | 35 | 7 | 4 | ±2.0 pp | 1,782 | IVR | | 4 |
| | [253] | 28.4 | 23.4 | | 30.4 | 6.3 | 8.5 | ±1.8 pp | 2,900 | IVR | | 2.0 |
| | [254] | 28 | 24 | | 34 | 6 | 6 | ±2.4 pp | 2,149 | telephone | | 6 |
| | [255] | 30 | 28 | | 33 | 6 | 4 | ±3.3 pp | 1,177 | online | | 3 |
| | [256] | 27 | 26 | | 29 | 6 | 10 | ±3.1 pp | 999 | online | | 2 |
| | [257] | 29 | 21 | | 37 | 4 | 8 | ±2.5 pp | 1,503 | online | | 8 |
| | [258] | 29.4 | 25.3 | | 34.2 | 3.7 | 6.4 | ±3.5 pp | 1,000 | telephone/online | | 4.8 |
| | [259] | 30 | 20 | | 38 | 6 | 4 | ±2.0 pp | 1,525 | IVR | | 8 |
| | [260] | 30 | 27 | | 36 | 4 | 4 | ±3.5 pp | 1,009 | online | | 6 |
| | [261] | 26.3 | 20.9 | | 34.7 | 5.4 | 9.2 | ±1.7 pp | 3,318 | IVR | | 8.4 |
| | [262] | 27 | 20 | | 44 | 4 | 3 | ±2.0 pp | 1,779 | IVR | | 17 |
| | [263] | 26.2 | 23.9 | | 38.6 | 4.2 | 6.3 | ±2.7 pp | 1,309 | telephone/online | | 12.4 |
| | [264] | 32 | 25 | | 35 | 5 | 3 | ±3.4 pp | 1,059 | online | | 3 |
| | [265] | 28 | 22 | | 35 | 6 | 7 | ±2.2 pp | 2,008 | telephone | | 7 |
| | [266] | 30 | 19 | | 43 | 5 | 2 | ±2.0 pp | 1,764 | IVR | | 13 |
| | [267] | 28.8 | 23.3 | | 29.1 | 6.4 | 9.0 | ±1.5 pp | 4,568 | IVR | | 0.3 |
| | [268] | 31.3 | 23.6 | | 35.4 | 4.8 | 4.2 | ±3.3 pp | 1,002 | telephone/online | | 4.1 |
| | [269] | | 33 | 27 | 27 | 5 | 7 | ±2.6 pp | 1,511 | online | | 6 |
| | [270] | 31 | 27 | | 32 | 6 | 4 | ±3.4 pp | 1,053 | | | 1 |
| | [271] | 29 | 25 | | 33 | 5 | 6 | ±3.0 pp | 1,310 | IVR | | 4 |
| | [272] | | 31 | 24 | 30 | 7 | 7 | ±2.5 pp | 1,511 | online | | 1 |
| | [273] | | 32 | 31 | 24 | 5 | 8 | ±3.1 pp | 1,014 | online | | 1 |
| | [274] | | 31 | 27 | 30 | 6 | 5 | ±2.0 pp | 1,755 | IVR | | 1 |
| | [275] | | 31.5 | 27.2 | 29.1 | 5.2 | 5.9 | ±3.7 pp | 1,000 | telephone | | 2.4 |
| | [276] | | 29.3 | 26.3 | 24.6 | 7.2 | 9.5 | ±1.3 pp | 5,947 | IVR | | 3.0 |
| | [277] | | 32 | 26 | 30 | 6 | 4 | ±3.0 pp | 1,091 | IVR | | 2 |
| | [278] | | 35 | 31 | 21 | 6 | 6 | ±2.3 pp | 1,832 | online | | 4 |
| | [279] | | 34.3 | 27.1 | 27.6 | 4.6 | 4.7 | ±3.5 pp | 1,000 | telephone | | 6.7 |
| | [280] | | 36 | 28 | 25 | 7 | 4 | ±2.0 pp | 1,626 | IVR | | 8 |
| | [281] | | 35 | 29 | 22 | 6 | 6 | ±2.2 pp | 2,028 | online | | 6 |
| | [282] | | 35 | 33 | 19 | 6 | 6 | ±3.1 pp | 1,012 | online | | 2 |
| | [283] | | 31 | 28 | 27 | 6 | 6 | ±2.0 pp | 1,355 | IVR | | 3 |
| | [284] | | 34 | 32 | 22 | 6 | 6 | ±2.6 pp | 1,505 | online | | 2 |
| | [285] | | 35 | 30 | 18 | 7 | 9 | ±2.5 pp | 1,500 | online | | 5 |
| | [286] | | 31.9 | 25.8 | 24.4 | 6.7 | 8.4 | ±1.3 pp | 5,433 | IVR | | 6.1 |
| | [287] | | 33 | 28 | 28 | 6 | 4 | ±2.0 pp | 1,849 | IVR | | 5 |
| | [288] | | 33.8 | 27.2 | 29.0 | 4.9 | 3.7 | ±3.5 pp | 1,004 | telephone | | 4.8 |
| | [289] | | 36 | 29 | 22 | 7 | 6 | ±3.0 pp | 1,068 | online | | 7 |
| | [290] | | 34 | 30 | 26 | 7 | 2 | ±2.5 pp | 2,009 | telephone/online | | 4 |
| | [291] | 31 | | 32 | 27 | 6 | 4 | ±2.0 pp | 1,735 | IVR | | 1 |
| | [292] | | 33.3 | 27.9 | 30.1 | 4.7 | 2.9 | ±3.4 pp | 1,000 | telephone | | 3.2 |
| | [293] | | 35 | 30 | 25 | 6 | 3 | ±2.0 pp | 1,707 | IVR | | 5 |
| | [294] | 31 | | 35 | 20 | 9 | 5 | ±2.4 pp | 2,000 | telephone | | 4 |
| | [295] | | 35 | | 35 | 17 | 7 | 6 | ±2.9 pp | 1,208 | online | Tie |
| | [296] | | 34 | 27 | 24 | 6 | 7 | ±2.2 pp | 2,007 | telephone | | 7 |
| | [297] | | 32.4 | 30.4 | 24.6 | 5.8 | 5.0 | ±3.4 pp | 1,000 | telephone | | 2.0 |
| | [298] | | 34 | | 34 | 22 | 6 | 4 | ±2.4 pp | 1,720 | IVR | Tie |
| | [299] | | 37 | 32 | 20 | 6 | 6 | ±2.2 pp | 2,099 | online | | 5 |
| | [300] | 31 | | 35 | 22 | 6 | 5 | ±2.4 pp | 1,639 | IVR | | 4 |
| | [301] | | 33.6 | 30.3 | 26.5 | 4.4 | 4.2 | ±3.2 pp | 1,200 | telephone | | 3.3 |
| | [302] | 30.2 | | 32.3 | 19.5 | 4.9 | 10.0 | ±2.1 pp | 2,098 | IVR | | 2.1 |
| | [303] | | 35 | | 35 | 19 | 6 | 3 | ±2.9 pp | 1,165 | IVR | Tie |
| | [304] | 29.3 | | 32.4 | 19.2 | 6.5 | 9.5 | ±2.2 pp | 2,049 | IVR | | 3.1 |
| | [305] | | 35 | | 35 | 20 | 5 | 6 | ±3.1 pp | 1,008 | online | Tie |
| | [306] | 33 | | 35 | 19 | 7 | 5 | ±2.4 pp | 2,093 | telephone | | 2 |
| | [307] | 35 | | 38 | 18 | 6 | 4 | ±3.1 pp | 1,099 | online | | 3 |
| | [308] | 31 | | 32 | 23 | 5 | 7 | ±2.2 pp | 2,000 | telephone | | 1 |
| | [309] | 34 | | 35 | 19 | 6 | 5 | ±2.5 pp | 1,500 | online | | 1 |
| | [310] | 30 | | 37 | 22 | 6 | 5 | ±2.5 pp | 1,529 | IVR | | 7 |
| | [311] | 33.5 | | 33.6 | 24.9 | 3.4 | 2.4 | ±3.1 pp | 1,201 | telephone | | 0.1 |
| | [312] | 32 | | 36 | 20 | 5 | 6 | ±2.3 pp | 1,836 | IVR | | 4 |
| | [313] | | 37 | 33 | 18 | 7 | 4 | ±3.1 pp | 1,014 | online | | 4 |
| | [314] | | 37 | 35 | 17 | 6 | 5 | ±3.1 pp | 1,008 | online | | 2 |
| | [315] | | 37 | 35 | 19 | 5 | 3 | ±2.0 pp | 2,061 | telephone/online | | 2 |
| | [316] | 32 | | 36 | 19 | 6 | 7 | ±3.5 pp | 1,000 | telephone | | 4 |
| | [317] | 30 | | 34 | 20 | 7 | 8 | ±2.2 pp | 2,018 | telephone | | 4 |
| | [318] | 30 | | 33 | 20 | 7 | 8 | ±3.1 pp | 1,006 | telephone | | 3 |
| | [319] | 33 | | 36 | 22 | 6 | 2 | ±2.4 pp | 1,744 | IVR | | 3 |
| | [320] | | 34.7 | 32.4 | 23.3 | 3.9 | 4.2 | ±3.2 pp | 1,200 | telephone | | 2.3 |
| | [321] | | 34 | 33 | 21 | 7 | 4 | ±2.0 pp | 1,008 | telephone | | 1 |
| | [322] | 32 | | 33 | 19 | 7 | 8 | ±2.5 pp | 1,506 | online | | 1 |
| | [323] | | 34 | 32 | 19 | 6 | 8 | ±2.2 pp | 2,003 | telephone | | 2 |
| | [324] | | 36 | 34 | 19 | 5 | 5 | ±2.4 pp | 1,675 | IVR | | 2 |
| | [325] | | 35 | | 35 | 19 | 7 | 3 | ±2.4 pp | 1,638 | IVR | Tie |
| | [326] | | 37 | 29 | 21 | 8 | 4 | ±3.1 pp | 1,004 | online | | 8 |
Innovative Research | | [327] | | 37 | 25 | 24 | 6 | 7 | ±2.8 pp | 1,193 | online | | 12 |
| | [328] | | 31 | 28 | 24 | 8 | 7 | ±2.2 pp | 2,005 | telephone | | 3 |
| | [329] | | 30 | | 30 | 20 | 8 | 7 | ±2.4 pp | 2,000 | telephone | Tie |
| | [330] | | 37 | 28 | 20 | 8 | 7 | ±3.1 pp | 1,003 | online | | 9 |
| | [331] | | 35.4 | 29.7 | 19.6 | 5.8 | 8.1 | ±2.2 pp | 2,011 | telephone/online | | 5.7 |
| | [332] | | 37 | 29 | 23 | 7 | 4 | ±2.0 pp | 3,154 | telephone/online | | 8 |
| | [333] | | 34 | 26 | 24 | 8 | 7 | ±2.0 pp | 2,509 | online | | 8 |
| | [334] | | 37 | 28 | 25 | 5 | 4 | ±2.4 pp | 1,675 | IVR | | 9 |
| | [335] | | 35.7 | 25.0 | 29.5 | 4.9 | 3.4 | ±3.1 pp | 1,203 | telephone | | 6.2 |
| | [336] | | 31.5 | 29.2 | 21.7 | 6.0 | 8.3 | ±1.6 pp | 3,699 | IVR | | 2.3 |
| | [337] | | 36 | 28 | 26 | 6 | 3 | ±2.8 pp | 1,210 | IVR | | 8 |
| | [338] | | 35.7 | 25.2 | 27.6 | 5.6 | 4.5 | ±3.2 pp | 1,201 | telephone | | 8.1 |
| | [339] | | 32 | 29 | 25 | 5 | 7 | ±2.2 pp | 2,000 | telephone | | 3 |
| | [340] | | 39 | 28 | 22 | 6 | 5 | ±3.1 pp | 1,000 | online | | 11 |
| | [341] | | 37 | 28 | 21 | 6 | 7 | ±3.1 pp | 1,000 | online | | 9 |
| | [342] | | 35 | 28 | 25 | 6 | 4 | ±2.8 pp | 1,211 | IVR | | 7 |
| | [343] | | 31.4 | 29.5 | 24.8 | 6.7 | 6.1 | ±2.2 pp | 2,005 | telephone/online | | 1.9 |
| | [344] | | 36.5 | 28.7 | 25.6 | 4.4 | 3.8 | ±3.3 pp | 1,201 | telephone | | 7.8 |
| | [345] | | 33 | 27 | 21 | 6 | 8 | ±2.9 pp | 1,160 | IVR | | 6 |
| | [346] | | 34 | 28 | 22 | 6 | 7 | ±2.2 pp | 2,005 | telephone | | 6 |
| | [347] | | 40 | 31 | 18 | 6 | 5 | ±3.1 pp | 1,004 | online | | 9 |
| | [348] | | 35.6 | 27.3 | 28.1 | 3.9 | 3.9 | ±3.2 pp | 1,202 | telephone | | 7.5 |
| | [349] | | 37 | 31 | 21 | 6 | 3 | | | | | 6 |
| | [350] | | 36 | 29 | 22 | 5 | 7 | ±2.2 pp | 2,000 | telephone | | 7 |
| | [351] | | 37.7 | 30.0 | 23.4 | 3.6 | 3.8 | ±3.2 pp | 1,202 | telephone | | 7.7 |
| | [352] | | 39.0 | 29.0 | 24.5 | 3.5 | 2.9 | ±3.2 pp | 1,209 | telephone | | 10.0 |
| | [353] | | 39 | 29 | 21 | 5 | 4 | ±2.4 pp | 1,668 | online | | 10 |
| | [354] | | 39 | 33 | 17 | 5 | 6 | ±2.4 pp | 1,625 | online | | 6 |
| | [355] | | 39.5 | 33.1 | 20.7 | 2.6 | 3.4 | ±3.2 pp | 1,210 | telephone | | 6.4 |
| | [356] | | 33 | | 33 | 21 | 6 | 7 | ±2.2 pp | 2,026 | telephone | Tie |
| | [357] | | 38 | 32 | 19 | 5 | 6 | ±3.2 pp | 1,003 | online | | 6 |
| | [358] | | 39 | 31 | 19 | 6 | 4 | ±3.1 pp | 1,005 | online | | 8 |
| | [359] | | 36.2 | 26.8 | 27.0 | 4.4 | 4.5 | ±3.1 pp | 1,203 | telephone | | 9.2 |
| | [360] | | 41 | 32 | 17 | 6 | 5 | ±3.2 pp | 1,005 | online | | 9 |
| | [361] | | 41.8 | 28.0 | 22.3 | 3.4 | 3.7 | ±3.1 pp | 1,211 | telephone | | 13.8 |
| | [362] | | 39.7 | 29.9 | 21.5 | 2.7 | 4.8 | ±3.1 pp | 1,205 | telephone | | 9.8 |
| | [363] | | 38 | 33 | 15 | 5 | 7 | ±2.2 pp | 2,000 | telephone | | 5 |
| | [364] | | 40 | 33 | 16 | 6 | 5 | ±2.5 pp | 1,544 | online | | 7 |
| | | | | | | | | | | |
2011 election | | [365] | 39.6 | 30.6 | 18.9 | 6.0 | 3.9 | | | | | 9.0 | |
Notes
In cases when linked poll details distinguish between the margin of error associated with the total sample of respondents (including undecided and non-voters) and that of the subsample of decided/leaning voters, the latter is included in the table. Also not included is the margin of error created by rounding to the nearest whole number or any margin of error from methodological sources. Most online polls—because of their opt-in method of recruiting panellists which results in a non-random sample—cannot have a margin of error. In such cases, shown is what the margin of error would be for a survey using a random probability-based sample of equivalent size.
Refers to the total sample size, including undecided and non-voters.
"Telephone" refers to traditional telephone polls conducted by live interviewers; "IVR" refers to automated Interactive Voice Response polls conducted by telephone; "online" refers to polls conducted exclusively over the internet; "telephone/online" refers to polls which combine results from both telephone and online surveys, or for which respondents are initially recruited by telephone and then asked to complete an online survey. "Rolling" polls contain overlapping data from one poll to the next, with the fraction in parentheses indicating the proportion of independent data compared to the previous published poll in the series.
Leadership polls
Aside from conducting the usual opinion surveys on general party preferences, polling firms also survey public opinion on who would make the best prime minister:
Polling firm | Last date of polling | Link | Stephen Harper | Thomas Mulcair | Justin Trudeau | Elizabeth May | |
---|
| | | |
---|
| | [366] | | 30.1 | 18.9 | | 35.2 | 5.3 | ±2.2 pp |
| | [367] | | 30.2 | 19.0 | | 35.0 | 5.3 | ±2.5 pp |
| | [368] | | 30.0 | 19.3 | | 34.6 | 5.6 | ±2.8 pp |
| | [369] | | 29.2 | 20.1 | | 33.9 | 5.8 | ±2.8 pp |
| | [370] | | 28.8 | 19.9 | | 33.0 | 6.4 | ±2.8 pp |
| | | 32 | 30 | | 38 | | ±3.0 pp |
| | [371] | | 28.1 | 20.5 | | 32.3 | 6.4 | ±2.8 pp |
| | [372] | | 28.2 | 22.6 | | 30.2 | 5.8 | ±2.8 pp |
| | | 26 | 22 | | 29 | 8 | ±3 pp |
| | [373] | | 28.1 | 23.1 | | 30.4 | 5.5 | ±2.8 pp |
| | [374] | | 30.8 | 22.8 | 29.8 | 4.9 | ±2.8 pp |
| | [375] | | 32.6 | 19.9 | 30.8 | 4.9 | ±2.8 pp |
| | [376] | 27 | 22 | | 28 | 9 | ±3 pp |
| | [377] | | 33.2 | 18.7 | 30.4 | 5.8 | ±2.8 pp |
| | [378] | | 31.7 | 19.0 | 30.6 | 5.1 | ±2.8 pp |
| | [379] | | 31.1 | 20.7 | 30.2 | 5.4 | ±2.8 pp |
| | [380] | | 31.7 | 22.7 | 29.4 | 4.6 | ±2.8 pp |
| | [381] | | 32.6 | 24.4 | 27.7 | 4.8 | ±2.8 pp |
| | [382] | | 33.2 | 23.2 | 28.3 | 4.4 | ±2.8 pp |
| | [383] | | 24 | | 24 | 23 | | ±2.1 pp |
| | [384] | | 32.9 | 24.1 | 27.3 | 4.3 | ±2.8 pp |
| | [385] | | 29 | 25 | 22 | 9 | ±3 pp |
| | [386] | | 32.0 | 23.5 | 28.0 | 4.4 | ±2.8 pp |
| | [387] | | 31.4 | 24.8 | 27.4 | 4.0 | ±2.8 pp |
| | | | 35 | 34 | 32 | | ±3.0 pp |
| | [388] | | 32.4 | 23.7 | 25.9 | 4.5 | ±2.8 pp |
| | [389] | | 31.4 | 23.0 | 27.8 | 4.6 | ±2.8 pp |
| | [390] | | 30.2 | 24.4 | 27.2 | 5.5 | ±2.8 pp |
| | [391] | | 29.2 | 25.6 | | 29.2 | 4.9 | ±2.8 pp |
| | | | 25 | 24 | | 25 | 9 | ±3 pp |
| | [392] | | 30.1 | 26.0 | 28.3 | 5.1 | ±2.8 pp |
| | [393] | | 30.2 | 26.2 | 27.1 | 5.8 | ±2.8 pp |
| | [394] | | 30.3 | 26.1 | 27.0 | 6.1 | ±2.8 pp |
| | [395] | 30 | | 38 | 32 | | ±3.4 pp |
| | [396] | | 29.3 | 25.9 | 25.3 | 6.1 | ±2.8 pp |
| | [397] | | 30.0 | 25.5 | 26.6 | 5.2 | ±2.8 pp |
| | [398] | | 28 | 24 | 24 | 9 | ±3 pp |
| | [399] | | 29.7 | 26.3 | 25.5 | 6.0 | ±2.8 pp |
| | [400] | | 30.1 | 28.6 | 25.4 | 5.8 | ±2.8 pp |
| | [401] | | 31.2 | 28.1 | 24.6 | 6.2 | ±2.8 pp |
| | [402] | 25 | | 30 | 19 | 8 | ±3 pp |
| | [403] | | 31.0 | 29.1 | 24.5 | 5.7 | ±2.8 pp |
| | [404] | | 31.6 | 28.5 | 24.3 | 5.9 | ±2.8 pp |
| | [405] | 32 | | 36 | 32 | | ±3.6 pp |
| | [406] | 29.4 | | 29.6 | 25.6 | 5.2 | ±2.8 pp |
| | [407] | | 30.2 | 28.4 | 26.3 | 4.6 | ±2.8 pp |
| | [408] | | 29.9 | 27.0 | 28.3 | 4.0 | ±2.8 pp |
| | | 25 | | 31 | 22 | 7 | ±3 pp |
| | [409] | | 30.2 | 27.3 | 27.5 | 4.5 | ±2.8 pp |
Innovative Research | | | 23 | | 24 | 20 | 6 | |
| | [410] | 28.2 | 27.7 | | 28.5 | 4.5 | ±2.8 pp |
| | [411] | 25.7 | | 29.4 | 28.0 | 5.6 | ±2.8 pp |
| | [412] | 29 | | 39 | 32 | | ±3.6 pp |
| | [413] | 25.3 | | 29.8 | 28.2 | 5.2 | ±2.8 pp |
| | [414] | 21 | | 25 | 21 | | ±2.1 pp |
| | | 24 | | 31 | 24 | 8 | ±3 pp |
| | [415] | | 29 | 28 | 22 | 5 | ±3.1 pp |
Innovative Research | | | | 24 | | 24 | 18 | 5 | |
| | [416] | 31 | | 37 | 32 | | ±3.1 pp |
| | [417] | 22 | | 32 | 22 | 8 | ±3 pp |
| | [418] | 26 | | 29 | 18 | | ±1.2 pp |
| | [419] | | 29 | 27 | 22 | 4 | ±3.1 pp |
| | [420] | 24 | | 29 | 21 | 9 | ±3 pp |
| | [421] | | 30 | 26 | 21 | 4 | ±3.1 pp |
| | [422] | 21 | | 28 | 20 | | ±2.1 pp |
| | [423] | 25 | | 28 | 23 | 7 | ±3 pp |
| | [424] | | 31 | 27 | 21 | 3 | ±3.1 pp |
| | | 24 | | 31 | 22 | 5 | ±3 pp |
| | [425] | | 31 | 28 | 22 | 3 | ±3.1 pp |
Innovative Research | | [426] | 27 | | 31 | 19 | 6 | |
| | | 29 | | 30 | 19 | 6 | ±3 pp |
| | [427] | | 30 | 29 | 22 | 3 | ±3.1 pp |
| | | 25 | | 29 | 20 | 6 | ±3 pp |
| | | | 29 | | 29 | 23 | 4 | ±3.1 pp |
| | | 25 | | 27 | 16 | | ±2.5 pp |
| | | 22 | | 31 | 21 | 5 | ±3 pp |
| | [428] | 26 | | 28 | 25 | 4 | ±3.1 pp |
| | | 25 | | 27 | 23 | 6 | ±3 pp |
| | [429] | | 27 | | 27 | 26 | 4 | ±3.1 pp |
| | | 25 | | 29 | 21 | 7 | ±3 pp |
| | [430] | | 28 | 25 | 27 | 4 | ±3.1 pp |
| | [431] | | 27 | | 27 | | 27 | 3 | ±3.1 pp |
| | [432] | | 29 | 28 | 26 | 3 | ±3.1 pp |
| | [433] | | 26 | 24 | 19 | | ±1.2 pp |
| | [434] | | 29 | 25 | 27 | 4 | ±3.1 pp |
| | | | 29 | 22 | 27 | 4 | ±3.1 pp |
| | [435] | | 32 | 20 | 29 | 5 | ±3.1 pp |
| | [436] | | 31 | 20 | 29 | 5 | ±3.1 pp |
| | [437] | | 31 | 21 | 28 | 5 | ±3.1 pp |
| | [438] | | 31 | 21 | 30 | 5 | ±3.1 pp |
| | | | 25 | 19 | 23 | | ±2.5 pp |
| | [439] | 29 | 21 | | 30 | 5 | ±3.1 pp |
| | | 29 | 20 | | 31 | 5 | ±3.1 pp |
| | [440] | | 31 | 19 | 30 | 4 | ±3.1 pp |
| | [441] | | 38 | 31 | 30 | | ±3.1 pp |
| | [442] | | 31 | 18 | 29 | 4 | ±3.1 pp |
| | [443] | | 31 | 17 | | 31 | 4 | ±3.1 pp |
| | [444] | | 34 | 16 | 31 | 4 | ±3.1 pp |
| | | | 25 | 17 | 23 | | ±2.5 pp |
| | [445] | | 34 | 16 | 30 | 4 | ±3.1 pp |
| | [446] | | 34 | 17 | 31 | 4 | ±3.1 pp |
| | | | 34 | 17 | 31 | 4 | ±3.1 pp |
| | [447] | | 33 | 16 | 31 | 4 | ±3.1 pp |
| | [448] | | 33 | 16 | 31 | 4 | ±3.1 pp |
| | [449] | | 32 | 17 | 31 | 3 | ±3.1 pp |
| | | | 25 | 16 | 23 | | ±2.5 pp |
| | [450] | | 31 | 17 | | 31 | 3 | ±3.1 pp |
| | [451] | | 31 | 19 | 30 | 4 | ±3.1 pp |
| | [452] | | 31 | 18 | | 31 | 5 | ±3.1 pp |
| | [453] | 30 | 18 | | 31 | 5 | ±3.1 pp |
| | [454] | | 33 | 18 | 30 | 4 | ±3.1 pp |
| | [455] | | 33 | 18 | 32 | 4 | ±3.1 pp |
| | [456] | | 33 | 18 | 31 | 4 | ±3.1 pp |
| | [457] | | 30 | 16 | 28 | | ±1.2 pp |
| | [458] | | 33 | 19 | 31 | 3 | ±3.1 pp |
| | | 24 | 16 | | 27 | | ±2.5 pp |
| | [459] | | 32 | 20 | 30 | 4 | ±3.1 pp |
| | [460] | | 33 | 20 | 29 | 3 | ±3.1 pp |
| | [461] | | 32 | 20 | 29 | 3 | ±3.1 pp |
| | [462] | | 32 | 20 | 29 | 3 | ±3.1 pp |
| | [463] | | 32 | 20 | 30 | 4 | ±3.1 pp |
| | [464] | 26 | 16 | | 28 | | ±2.5 pp |
| | [465] | 29 | 20 | | 32 | 4 | ±3.1 pp |
| | [466] | 29 | 19 | | 34 | 5 | ±3.1 pp |
| | [467] | 30 | 18 | | 35 | 4 | ±3.1 pp |
| | | 23 | 17 | | 26 | | ±2.5 pp |
| | [468] | 30 | 17 | | 35 | 4 | ±3.1 pp |
| | [469] | 28 | 18 | | 36 | 4 | ±3.1 pp |
| | [470] | 28 | 18 | | 35 | 3 | ±3.1 pp |
| | | | 27 | 14 | | 27 | 4 | ±2.5 pp |
| | [471] | 28 | 18 | | 34 | 5 | ±3.1 pp |
| | [472] | 28 | 17 | | 34 | 5 | ±3.1 pp |
| | [473] | 29 | 15 | | 34 | 5 | ±3.1 pp |
| | [474] | 28 | 15 | | 34 | 6 | ±3.1 pp |
| | [475] | 27 | 16 | | 32 | 6 | ±3.1 pp |
| | [476] | 29 | 15 | | 31 | 8 | ±2 pp |
| | [477] | 26 | 19 | | 32 | 6 | ±3.1 pp |
| | [478] | 26 | 19 | | 31 | 7 | ±3.1 pp |
| | [479] | | 29 | 20 | | 29 | 6 | ±3.1 pp |
| | [480] | | 30 | 20 | | 30 | 5 | ±3.1 pp |
| | [481] | 27 | 16 | | 30 | 7 | ±2 pp |
| | [482] | | 31 | 18 | | 31 | 5 | ±3.1 pp |
| | [483] | | 31 | 19 | 29 | 5 | ±3.1 pp |
| | [484] | 29 | 18 | | 30 | 7 | ±3.1 pp |
| | [485] | 28 | 17 | | 31 | 7 | ±3.1 pp |
| | [486] | | 30 | 16 | | 30 | 6 | ±3.1 pp |
| | | | 28 | 16 | 27 | 8 | ±2 pp |
| | [487] | 28 | 14 | | 33 | 7 | ±3.1 pp |
| | | | 27 | 17 | 23 | 5 | ±1.2 pp |
| | [488] | 30 | 14 | | 32 | 6 | ±3.1 pp |
| | [489] | | 32 | 15 | 30 | 6 | ±3.1 pp |
| | | | 27 | 17 | 23 | 4 | ±3.4 pp |
| | | 26 | 17 | | 28 | 8 | ±2 pp |
| | [490] | | 30 | 17 | | 30 | 7 | ±3.1 pp |
| | [491] | | 31 | 19 | 27 | 6 | ±3.1 pp |
| | [492] | | 30 | 19 | 27 | 6 | ±3.1 pp |
| | [493] | | 27 | 20 | | 27 | 6 | ±3.1 pp |
| | | 25 | 17 | | 30 | 10 | ±2 pp |
| | [494] | | 29 | 19 | 26 | 6 | ±3.1 pp |
| | [495] | | 29 | 19 | 27 | 6 | ±3.1 pp |
| | | | 27 | 16 | 20 | 4 | ±3.4 pp |
| | [496] | | 30 | 20 | 27 | 6 | ±3.1 pp |
| | [497] | | 31 | 20 | 28 | 6 | ±3.1 pp |
| | | 27 | 17 | | 29 | 8 | ±2 pp |
| | [498] | | 30 | 18 | 29 | 6 | ±3.1 pp |
| | [499] | 29 | 18 | | 31 | 5 | ±3.1 pp |
| | [500] | 27 | 17 | | 32 | 6 | ±3.1 pp |
| | | 23 | 17 | | 24 | 4 | ±1.2 pp |
| | [501] | 26 | 18 | | 31 | 6 | ±3.1 pp |
| | [502] | 25 | 19 | | 32 | 5 | ±3.1 pp |
| | [503] | 28 | 19 | | 29 | 5 | ±3.1 pp |
| | | 26 | 16 | | 33 | 8 | ±2 pp |
| | | 32 | 22 | | 36 | 9 | ±2.5 pp |
| | [504] | 28 | 19 | | 30 | 4 | ±3.1 pp |
| | [505] | 28 | 19 | | 29 | 4 | ±3.1 pp |
| | [506] | 34 | 24 | | 42 | – | ±3.5 pp |
| | [507] | | 29 | 19 | | 29 | 4 | ±3.1 pp |
| | | 24 | 18 | | 29 | 7 | ±3 pp |
| | [508] | 27 | 21 | | 29 | 4 | ±3.1 pp |
| | | 25 | 19 | | 29 | 7 | ±2 pp |
| | [509] | | 28 | 21 | 27 | 4 | ±3.1 pp |
| | [510] | 27 | 20 | | 29 | 4 | ±3.1 pp |
| | [511] | 27 | 19 | | 29 | 5 | ±3.1 pp |
| | [512] | 27 | 18 | | 29 | 5 | ±3.1 pp |
| | [513] | 26 | 18 | | 30 | 5 | ±3.1 pp |
| | | 27 | 17 | | 29 | 6 | ±2 pp |
| | [514] | | 28 | 18 | 27 | 6 | ±3.1 pp |
| | [515] | | 27 | 20 | 26 | 6 | ±3.1 pp |
| | [516] | | 27 | 20 | 26 | 5 | ±3.1 pp |
| | [517] | | 29 | 20 | 27 | 5 | ±3.1 pp |
| | [518] | 27 | 19 | | 29 | 5 | ±3.1 pp |
| | | 25 | 17 | | 27 | 7 | ±2 pp |
| | [519] | 29 | 17 | | 31 | 4 | ±3.1 pp |
| | [520] | 30 | 16 | | 32 | 4 | ±3.1 pp |
| | [521] | 30 | 16 | | 32 | 5 | ±3.1 pp |
| | | 25 | 15 | | 31 | 9 | ±3 pp |
| | [522] | 25 | 13 | | 29 | 7 | ±3 pp |
| | | 24 | 12 | | 26 | 4 | ±2.6 pp |
| | [523] | 31 | 16 | | 32 | 5 | ±3.1 pp |
| | [524] | 30 | 16 | | 33 | 5 | ±3.1 pp |
| | [525] | 29 | 15 | | 31 | 5 | ±3.1 pp |
| | | 27 | 15 | | 30 | 6 | ±3 pp |
| | [526] | 29 | 14 | | 33 | – | ±3.1 pp |
| | | 24 | 16 | | 32 | 9 | ±3 pp |
| | [527] | 23 | 14 | | 27 | 6 | ±2.5 pp |
| | [528] | 31 | 18 | | 33 | – | ±3.1 pp | |
See also
Notes and References
- Web site: poll . 2015-10-20 . 2015-10-23 . https://web.archive.org/web/20151023060206/http://enr.elections.ca/National.aspx?lang=e . live .
- Web site: poll . https://web.archive.org/web/20151020132606/http://www.nanosresearch.com/library/polls/20151018%20Ballot%20TrackingE.pdf . 2015-10-20 . . October 18, 2015.
- Web site: poll . 2015-10-19 . 2015-10-25 . https://web.archive.org/web/20151025132607/http://poll.forumresearch.com/data/dc2e85ea-624f-4377-b2f1-928dc876fef3Federal%20Horserace%20News%20Release%20(2015%2010%2018)%20Forum%20Research.pdf . live .
- Web site: poll . . October 18, 2015 . October 19, 2015 . November 6, 2015 . https://web.archive.org/web/20151106032532/http://www.ekospolitics.com/wp-content/uploads/final_report_october_18_2015.pdf . live .
- Web site: poll . . October 17, 2015 . October 18, 2015 . March 4, 2016 . https://web.archive.org/web/20160304064044/http://www.ekospolitics.com/wp-content/uploads/full_report_october_18_2015.pdf . live .
- Web site: poll . . October 17, 2015 . October 18, 2015 . October 20, 2015 . https://web.archive.org/web/20151020053101/http://www.ipsos-na.com/news-polls/pressrelease.aspx?id=7031 . live .
- Web site: poll . . October 17, 2015.
- Web site: poll . . October 16, 2015 . October 17, 2015 . October 27, 2015 . https://web.archive.org/web/20151027205640/http://www.ekospolitics.com/wp-content/uploads/full_report_october_17_2015.pdf . live .
- Web site: poll . . October 16, 2015.
- Web site: poll . https://web.archive.org/web/20151106001705/http://leger360.com/admin/upload/publi_pdf/soen20151017.pdf . 2015-11-06 . . October 16, 2015.
- Web site: poll . . October 16, 2015 . October 16, 2015 . March 3, 2016 . https://web.archive.org/web/20160303231049/http://angusreid.org/wp-content/uploads/2015/10/2015.10.15-Final-Horserace.pdf . live .
- Web site: poll . Mainstreet Research . October 15, 2015 . October 17, 2015 . March 3, 2016 . https://web.archive.org/web/20160303194132/http://www.mainstreetresearch.ca/canadas-choice-2015/ . live .
- Web site: poll . . October 15, 2015 . October 16, 2015 . November 5, 2015 . https://web.archive.org/web/20151105193536/http://www.ekospolitics.com/wp-content/uploads/full_report_october_16_2015.pdf . live .
- Web site: poll . https://web.archive.org/web/20151019060324/http://www.nanosresearch.com/library/polls/20151015%20Ballot%20TrackingE.pdf . 2015-10-19 . . October 15, 2015.
- Web site: poll . . October 14, 2015 . October 16, 2015 . October 21, 2015 . https://web.archive.org/web/20151021011027/http://poll.forumresearch.com/data/ebd925a1-af27-4fd4-8122-ae256d165044Federal%20Horserace%20News%20Release%20%282015%2010%2014%29%20Forum%20Research.pdf . live .
- Web site: poll . . October 14, 2015 . October 15, 2015 . March 3, 2016 . https://web.archive.org/web/20160303170154/http://www.ekospolitics.com/wp-content/uploads/full_report_october_15_2015.pdf . live .
- Web site: poll . . October 14, 2015.
- Web site: poll . . October 13, 2015 . October 14, 2015 . November 5, 2015 . https://web.archive.org/web/20151105193523/http://www.ekospolitics.com/wp-content/uploads/full_report_october_14_2015.pdf . live .
- Web site: poll . . October 13, 2015.
- Web site: poll . . October 13, 2015 . October 14, 2015 . October 16, 2015 . https://web.archive.org/web/20151016034911/http://www.ipsos-na.com/news-polls/pressrelease.aspx?id=7021 . dead .
- Web site: poll . . October 12, 2015 . October 13, 2015 . March 3, 2016 . https://web.archive.org/web/20160303230353/http://www.ekospolitics.com/wp-content/uploads/full_report_october_13_2015.pdf . live .
- Web site: poll . https://web.archive.org/web/20151014132538/http://www.nanosresearch.com/library/polls/20151011%20Ballot%20TrackingE.pdf . 2015-10-14 . . October 11, 2015.
- Web site: poll . Innovative Research . October 11, 2015 . October 15, 2015 . March 4, 2016 . https://web.archive.org/web/20160304073729/http://one-org.s3.amazonaws.com/us/wp-content/uploads/2015/10/14164737/ONECanadaPollResults.pdf . live .
- Web site: poll . . October 10, 2015 . October 11, 2015 . October 14, 2015 . https://web.archive.org/web/20151014012952/http://www.ekospolitics.com/wp-content/uploads/full_report_october_11_2015.pdf . live .
- Web site: poll . https://web.archive.org/web/20151022211912/http://www.nanosresearch.com/library/polls/20151009%20Ballot%20TrackingE.pdf . 2015-10-22 . . October 10, 2015.
- Web site: poll . 2015-10-11 . 2015-10-14 . https://web.archive.org/web/20151014132405/http://poll.forumresearch.com/data/6648d090-c272-4a2f-8165-33b07e643e1cFederal%20Horserace%20News%20Release%20(2015%2010%2010)%20Forum%20Research.pdf . live .
- Web site: poll . https://web.archive.org/web/20151022211912/http://www.nanosresearch.com/library/polls/20151009%20Ballot%20TrackingE.pdf . 2015-10-22 . . October 9, 2015.
- Web site: poll . . October 9, 2015 . 2015-10-10 . 2016-03-03 . https://web.archive.org/web/20160303231025/http://angusreid.org/wp-content/uploads/2015/10/2015-10-09-October-Vote-Intention.pdf . live .
- Web site: poll . . October 8, 2015 . October 9, 2015 . November 6, 2015 . https://web.archive.org/web/20151106042926/http://www.ekospolitics.com/wp-content/uploads/full_report_october_9_2015.pdf . live .
- Web site: poll . https://web.archive.org/web/20151009132555/http://www.nanosresearch.com/library/polls/20151008%20Ballot%20TrackingE.pdf . 2015-10-09 . . October 8, 2015.
- Web site: poll . Innovative Research . October 8, 2015 . October 9, 2015 . October 22, 2015 . https://web.archive.org/web/20151022211922/http://www.innovativeresearch.ca/sites/default/files/pdf%2C%20doc%2C%20docx%2C%20jpg%2C%20png%2C%20xls%2C%20xlsx/151009_IRG29%20Wave%206%20Hill%20Times%20Oct%209%20Release.pdf . dead .
- Web site: poll . . October 7, 2015 . October 9, 2015 . October 9, 2015 . https://web.archive.org/web/20151009132538/http://www.mainstreetresearch.ca/dead-heat/ . live .
- Web site: poll . https://web.archive.org/web/20151022211554/http://leger360.com/admin/upload/publi_pdf/soen20151008.pdf . 2015-10-22 . . October 7, 2015.
- Web site: poll . . October 7, 2015 . October 8, 2015 . March 3, 2016 . https://web.archive.org/web/20160303195251/http://www.ekospolitics.com/wp-content/uploads/full_report_october_8_2015.pdf . live .
- Web site: poll . https://web.archive.org/web/20151022211919/http://www.nanosresearch.com/library/polls/20151007%20Ballot%20TrackingE.pdf . 2015-10-22 . . October 7, 2015.
- Web site: poll . 2015-10-08 . 2016-03-04 . https://web.archive.org/web/20160304084634/http://poll.forumresearch.com/data/545503eb-1598-434e-8d31-a72f68b05e27Federal%20Horserace%20News%20Release%20(2015%2010%2007)%20Forum%20Research.pdf . live .
- Web site: poll . . October 6, 2015 . October 7, 2015 . October 10, 2015 . https://web.archive.org/web/20151010033937/http://abacusdata.ca/wp-content/uploads/2015/10/Abacus-Release-Election-Wave-5-Release-1-FINAL.pdf . live .
- Web site: poll . . October 6, 2015 . October 7, 2015 . October 14, 2015 . https://web.archive.org/web/20151014102858/http://www.ekospolitics.com/wp-content/uploads/full_report_october_7_2015.pdf . live .
- Web site: poll . https://web.archive.org/web/20151022211927/http://www.nanosresearch.com/library/polls/20151006%20Ballot%20TrackingE.pdf . 2015-10-22 . . October 6, 2015.
- Web site: poll . . October 5, 2015 . October 6, 2015 . October 7, 2015 . https://web.archive.org/web/20151007033037/http://www.ekospolitics.com/wp-content/uploads/full_report_october_6_2015.pdf . live .
- Web site: poll . https://web.archive.org/web/20151006202008/http://www.nanosresearch.com/library/polls/20151005%20Ballot%20TrackingE.pdf . 2015-10-06 . . October 5, 2015.
- Web site: poll . . October 5, 2015 . October 6, 2015 . October 7, 2015 . https://web.archive.org/web/20151007125308/http://www.ipsos-na.com/news-polls/pressrelease.aspx?id=7013 . live .
- Web site: poll . https://web.archive.org/web/20151022211934/http://www.nanosresearch.com/library/polls/20151004%20Ballot%20TrackingE.pdf . 2015-10-22 . . October 4, 2015.
- Web site: poll . https://web.archive.org/web/20151005132528/http://www.nanosresearch.com/library/polls/20151003%20Ballot%20TrackingE.pdf . 2015-10-05 . . October 3, 2015.
- Web site: poll . https://web.archive.org/web/20151005035915/http://www.nanosresearch.com/library/polls/20151002%20Ballot%20TrackingE.pdf . 2015-10-05 . . October 2, 2015.
- Web site: poll . . October 1, 2015 . October 6, 2015 . October 6, 2015 . https://web.archive.org/web/20151006171439/http://www.mainstreetresearch.ca/conservatives-lead-as-ndp-slips/ . live .
- Web site: poll . https://web.archive.org/web/20151003182911/http://www.innovativeresearch.ca/sites/default/files/pdf%2C%20doc%2C%20docx%2C%20jpg%2C%20png%2C%20xls%2C%20xlsx/151002_IRG29%20Wave%205%20Horserace%20Deck2.pdf . 2015-10-03 . Innovative Research . October 1, 2015.
- Web site: poll . https://web.archive.org/web/20151004175736/http://www.nanosresearch.com/library/polls/20151001%20Ballot%20TrackingE.pdf . 2015-10-04 . . October 1, 2015.
- Web site: poll . https://web.archive.org/web/20151003193008/http://leger360.com/admin/upload/publi_pdf/soen20151002.pdf . 2015-10-03 . . September 30, 2015.
- Web site: poll . . September 30, 2015 . October 1, 2015 . October 4, 2015 . https://web.archive.org/web/20151004112533/http://angusreid.org/wp-content/uploads/2015/10/2015.09.30_Fed_Vote_October.pdf . live .
- Web site: poll . https://web.archive.org/web/20151003161911/http://www.nanosresearch.com/library/polls/20150930%20Ballot%20TrackingE.pdf . 2015-10-03 . . September 30, 2015.
- Web site: poll . 2015-10-01 . 2015-10-03 . https://web.archive.org/web/20151003065446/http://poll.forumresearch.com/data/31a860cf-deaf-4365-831a-a95d3b4d2b40Federal%20Horserace%20News%20Release%20(2015%2009%2029)%20Forum%20Research.pdf . live .
- Web site: poll . https://web.archive.org/web/20151001214752/http://www.nanosresearch.com/library/polls/20150929%20Ballot%20TrackingE.pdf . 2015-10-01 . . September 29, 2015.
- Web site: poll . . September 29, 2015 . October 2, 2015 . October 4, 2015 . https://web.archive.org/web/20151004163419/http://www.ekospolitics.com/wp-content/uploads/full_report_october_2_2015.pdf . live .
- Web site: poll . https://web.archive.org/web/20151001100244/http://www.nanosresearch.com/library/polls/20150928%20Ballot%20TrackingE.pdf . 2015-10-01 . . September 28, 2015.
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- Web site: poll . . April 7, 2015 . April 10, 2015 . April 18, 2015 . https://web.archive.org/web/20150418124912/http://www.ekospolitics.com/wp-content/uploads/full_report_april_10_2015.pdf . live .
- Web site: poll . 2015-04-06 . 2015-04-13 . https://web.archive.org/web/20150413210329/http://poll.forumresearch.com/data/Federal%20Horserace%20News%20Release%20(2015%2003%2031)%20Forum%20Research.pdf . live .
- Web site: poll . . March 31, 2015 . April 2, 2015 . April 7, 2015 . https://web.archive.org/web/20150407144302/http://www.ekospolitics.com/wp-content/uploads/full_report_april_2_2015.pdf . live .
- Web site: poll . Oraclepoll Research . March 30, 2015 . April 13, 2015 . April 14, 2015 . https://web.archive.org/web/20150414014058/http://www.oraclepoll.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/04/National-voter-intent.pdf . dead .
- Web site: poll . . March 24, 2015 . March 27, 2015 . April 2, 2015 . https://web.archive.org/web/20150402172417/http://www.ekospolitics.com/wp-content/uploads/full_report_march_27_2015.pdf . live .
- Web site: poll . . March 22, 2015 . March 27, 2015 . April 2, 2015 . https://web.archive.org/web/20150402131642/http://abacusdata.ca/wp-content/uploads/2015/03/Abacus-Release-Headline-Political-Data_March26.pdf . live .
- Web site: poll . . March 18, 2015 . March 24, 2015 . June 30, 2015 . https://web.archive.org/web/20150630155223/http://leger360.com/admin/upload/publi_pdf/soen20150324.pdf . dead .
- Web site: poll . . March 17, 2015 . March 20, 2015 . April 2, 2015 . https://web.archive.org/web/20150402175515/http://www.ekospolitics.com/wp-content/uploads/full_report_march_20_2015.pdf . live .
- Web site: poll . . March 14, 2015 . March 17, 2015 . April 2, 2015 . https://web.archive.org/web/20150402154148/http://poll.forumresearch.com/data/Federal%20Niqab%20News%20Release%20%282015%2003%2013%29%20Forum%20Research.pdf . live .
- Web site: poll . . March 10, 2015 . March 14, 2015 . April 3, 2015 . https://web.archive.org/web/20150403004851/http://www.ekospolitics.com/wp-content/uploads/full_report_march_13_2015.pdf . live .
- Web site: poll . . March 3, 2015 . March 7, 2015 . April 3, 2015 . https://web.archive.org/web/20150403003813/http://www.ekospolitics.com/wp-content/uploads/full_report_march_6_2015.pdf . live .
- Web site: poll . https://web.archive.org/web/20150701060608/http://www.nanosresearch.com/library/polls/Nanos%20Political%20Index%202015-02-27E.pdf . 2015-07-01 . . February 27, 2015.
- Web site: poll . . February 24, 2015 . February 28, 2015 . April 2, 2015 . https://web.archive.org/web/20150402134106/http://www.ekospolitics.com/wp-content/uploads/full_report_february_27_2015.pdf . live .
- Web site: poll . . . February 23, 2015 . February 25, 2015 . February 26, 2015 . https://web.archive.org/web/20150226012731/http://globalnews.ca/news/1850238/conservatives-liberals-virtually-tied-exclusive-poll/ . live .
- Web site: poll . . February 17, 2015 . February 21, 2015 . February 21, 2015 . https://web.archive.org/web/20150221024728/http://www.ekospolitics.com/wp-content/uploads/full_report_february_20_2015.pdf . live .
- Web site: poll . . February 16, 2015 . February 23, 2015 . February 23, 2015 . https://web.archive.org/web/20150223185912/http://abacusdata.ca/wp-content/uploads/2015/02/Abacus-Release-Headline-Political-Data-Eve-Adams_Feb22.pdf . live .
- Web site: poll . . February 10, 2015 . February 13, 2015 . February 13, 2015 . https://web.archive.org/web/20150213235401/http://poll.forumresearch.com/data/Federal%20Horserace%20News%20Release%20%282015%2002%2010%29%20Forum%20Research.pdf . live .
- Web site: poll . . February 10, 2015 . February 18, 2015 . February 18, 2015 . https://web.archive.org/web/20150218165716/http://www.ekospolitics.com/wp-content/uploads/full_report_february_13_2015.pdf . live .
- Web site: poll . . February 3, 2015 . February 6, 2015 . February 6, 2015 . https://web.archive.org/web/20150206131233/http://www.ekospolitics.com/wp-content/uploads/full_report_february_5_2015.pdf . live .
- Web site: poll . . February 2, 2015 . February 7, 2015 . June 30, 2015 . https://web.archive.org/web/20150630153455/http://leger360.com/admin/upload/publi_pdf/soen20150205.pdf . dead .
- Web site: poll . . January 28, 2015 . January 31, 2015 . April 29, 2015 . https://web.archive.org/web/20150429065726/http://poll.forumresearch.com/data/Federal%20Horserace%20News%20Release%20(2015%2001%2028)%20Forum%20Research.pdf . live .
- Web site: poll . . January 28, 2015 . February 3, 2015 . February 3, 2015 . https://web.archive.org/web/20150203234848/http://abacusdata.ca/wp-content/uploads/2015/02/Abacus-Release-Headline-Political-Data-Feb-2015-.pdf . live .
- Web site: poll . . January 13, 2015 . January 17, 2015 . February 13, 2015 . https://web.archive.org/web/20150213080513/http://www.ekospolitics.com/wp-content/uploads/full_report_january_16_2015.pdf . live .
- Web site: poll . . . January 11, 2015 . January 16, 2015 . January 20, 2015 . https://web.archive.org/web/20150120044504/http://globalnews.ca/news/1773257/conservatives-pull-ahead-of-liberals-could-be-on-cusp-on-majority-poll/ . live .
- Web site: poll . 2015-01-08 . 2015-01-08 . https://web.archive.org/web/20150108203746/http://poll.forumresearch.com/data/Federal%20Horserace%20News%20Release%20(2015%2001%2006)%20Forum%20Research.pdf . live .
- Web site: poll . . December 20, 2014 . December 23, 2014 . September 30, 2015 . https://web.archive.org/web/20150930020941/http://abacusdata.ca/wp-content/uploads/2014/12/Abacus_Release_PoliticalTracking_Dec2014.pdf . dead .
- Web site: poll . . December 18, 2014 . December 25, 2014 . December 29, 2014 . https://web.archive.org/web/20141229084706/http://www.ekospolitics.com/wp-content/uploads/full_report_december_23_2014.pdf . live .
- Web site: poll . . December 13, 2014 . June 16, 2015 . September 30, 2015 . https://web.archive.org/web/20150930083209/http://angusreid.org/wp-content/uploads/2014/12/2014.12.17_Federal-Vote-Intentions2.pdf . live .
- Web site: poll . . December 12, 2014 . December 15, 2014 . December 27, 2014 . https://web.archive.org/web/20141227070336/http://www.ekospolitics.com/wp-content/uploads/full_report_december_15_2014.pdf . live .
- Web site: poll . . December 11, 2014 . December 15, 2014 . December 15, 2014 . https://web.archive.org/web/20141215234244/http://poll.forumresearch.com/data/Federal%20Horserace%20News%20Release%20%282014%2012%2011%29%20Forum%20Research.pdf . live .
- Web site: poll . https://web.archive.org/web/20151013200942/http://leger360.com/admin/upload/publi_pdf/sofr20141213.pdf . 2015-10-13 . . December 11, 2014.
- Web site: poll . . . December 1, 2014 . December 3, 2014 . December 10, 2014 . https://web.archive.org/web/20141210160717/http://globalnews.ca/news/1706091/liberals-and-tories-tied-in-latest-poll-of-federal-party-support/ . live .
- Web site: poll . . November 20, 2014 . November 22, 2014 . November 29, 2014 . https://web.archive.org/web/20141129095446/http://poll.forumresearch.com/data/Federal%20Horserace%20News%20Release%20%282014%2011%2020%29%20Forum%20Research.pdf . live .
- Web site: poll . . November 6, 2014 . November 7, 2014 . November 14, 2014 . https://web.archive.org/web/20141114053945/http://www.ekospolitics.com/wp-content/uploads/full_report_november_7_2014.pdf . live .
- Web site: poll . . November 6, 2014 . November 15, 2014 . November 29, 2014 . https://web.archive.org/web/20141129083443/http://www.leger360.com/admin/upload/publi_pdf/SOEN20141114.pdf . dead .
- Web site: poll . . November 4, 2014 . November 6, 2014 . November 6, 2014 . https://web.archive.org/web/20141106233936/http://abacusdata.ca/wp-content/uploads/2014/11/Abacus-Release-November-5_Vote_Response.pdf . dead .
- Web site: poll . . October 29, 2014 . October 31, 2014 . December 24, 2014 . https://web.archive.org/web/20141224163209/http://www.ekospolitics.com/wp-content/uploads/full_report_october_31_2014.pdf . live .
- Web site: poll . . October 17, 2014 . October 20, 2014 . October 20, 2014 . https://web.archive.org/web/20141020224720/http://abacusdata.ca/wp-content/uploads/2014/10/Abacus-Poltical-Release-October-20-2014.pdf . dead .
- Web site: poll . . October 16, 2014 . November 15, 2014 . November 29, 2014 . https://web.archive.org/web/20141129083443/http://www.leger360.com/admin/upload/publi_pdf/SOEN20141114.pdf . dead .
- Web site: poll . . October 15, 2014 . October 19, 2014 . December 21, 2014 . https://web.archive.org/web/20141221091541/http://www.ekospolitics.com/wp-content/uploads/full_report_october_19_2014.pdf . live .
- Web site: poll . . October 5, 2014 . October 7, 2014 . October 12, 2014 . https://web.archive.org/web/20141012110618/http://poll.forumresearch.com/data/Federal%20Horserace%20News%20Release%20%282014%2010%2006%29%20Forum%20Research.pdf . live .
- Web site: poll . . September 25, 2014 . October 5, 2014 . October 6, 2014 . https://web.archive.org/web/20141006092401/http://www.ekospolitics.com/wp-content/uploads/full_report_october_1_2014.pdf . live .
- Web site: poll . https://web.archive.org/web/20150630095452/http://angusreidglobal.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/09/ARG-September-National-Voter-Intention.pdf . 2015-06-30 . . September 19, 2014.
- Web site: poll . . September 14, 2014 . October 2, 2014 . October 6, 2014 . https://web.archive.org/web/20141006081959/http://abacusdata.ca/wp-content/uploads/2014/10/Abacus-Poltical-Release-September-29.pdf . dead .
- Web site: poll . . . September 12, 2014 . September 15, 2014 . September 16, 2014 . https://web.archive.org/web/20140916013237/http://globalnews.ca/news/1564359/liberals-maintain-7-point-lead-over-conservatives-and-canadians-want-change-poll/ . live .
- Web site: poll . . September 5, 2014 . September 9, 2014 . September 10, 2014 . https://web.archive.org/web/20140910221332/http://poll.forumresearch.com/data/Fed%20Horserace%20News%20Release%20%282014%2009%2006%29%20Forum%20Research.pdf . live .
- Web site: poll . 2014-08-21 . 2014-08-21 . https://web.archive.org/web/20140821184802/http://poll.forumresearch.com/data/Fed%20Horserace%20News%20Release%20(2014%2008%2020)%20Forum%20Research.pdf . live .
- Web site: poll . . August 18, 2014 . August 26, 2014 . October 22, 2014 . https://web.archive.org/web/20141022004513/http://abacusdata.ca/wp-content/uploads/2014/08/Abacus-Political-Release-1-August-2014.pdf . dead .
- Web site: poll . . . August 17, 2014 . August 25, 2014 . August 26, 2014 . https://web.archive.org/web/20140826080327/http://globalnews.ca/news/1521821/liberals-jump-past-conservatives-in-voter-support-poll/ . live .
- Web site: poll . . July 23, 2014 . August 11, 2014 . August 16, 2014 . https://web.archive.org/web/20140816132622/http://www.ekospolitics.com/wp-content/uploads/full_report_august_10_2014.pdf . live .
- Web site: poll . 2014-07-24 . 2014-07-28 . https://web.archive.org/web/20140728055126/http://poll.forumresearch.com/data/Fed%20Horserace%20News%20Release%20(2014.07.17)%20Forum%20Research.pdf . live .
- Web site: poll . https://web.archive.org/web/20140714165924/http://abacusinsider.com/abacusinsider/wp-content/uploads/2014/07/Abacus-Federal-Politics-Release-July-10-2014FINAL.pdf . 2014-07-14 . . July 3, 2014.
- Web site: poll . 2014-06-19 . 2014-07-14 . https://web.archive.org/web/20140714172653/http://poll.forumresearch.com/data/Fed%20Horserace%20News%20Release%20(2014.06.18)%20Forum%20Research.pdf . live .
- Web site: poll . . June 12, 2014 . June 28, 2014 . August 9, 2014 . https://web.archive.org/web/20140809034240/http://www.angusreidglobal.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/06/2014.06.27-ARG-National-Voter-Intention.pdf . dead .
- Web site: poll . https://web.archive.org/web/20160303181550/http://angusreidglobal.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/05/2014-05-24-ARG-National-Voter-Intention.pdf . 2016-03-03 . . May 23, 2014.
- Web site: poll . . May 23, 2014 . May 27, 2014 . May 27, 2014 . https://web.archive.org/web/20140527215738/http://www.forumresearch.com/forms/News%20Archives/News%20Releases/65936_Federal_Horserace_Newsletter_%282014_05_22%29_Forum_Research.pdf . dead .
- Web site: poll . . May 1, 2014 . May 3, 2014 . May 3, 2014 . https://web.archive.org/web/20140503155349/http://www.ekospolitics.com/wp-content/uploads/full_report_may_2_2014.pdf . live .
- Web site: poll . . April 29, 2014 . May 5, 2014 . May 5, 2014 . https://web.archive.org/web/20140505193537/http://www.forumresearch.com/forms/News%20Archives/News%20Releases/30116_Fed_Horserace_News_Release_%282014.04.30%29_Forum_Research.pdf . dead .
- Web site: poll . . . April 22, 2014 . January 14, 2022 . January 14, 2022 . https://web.archive.org/web/20220114164956/https://www.ctvnews.ca/politics/what-fair-elections-act-few-following-heated-debate-poll-finds-1.1791821 . live .
- Web site: poll . . April 15, 2014 . April 25, 2014 . April 26, 2014 . https://web.archive.org/web/20140426233519/http://www.angusreidglobal.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/04/21.04.2014-ARG-National-Voter-Intention1.pdf . dead .
- Web site: poll . . April 3, 2014 . April 11, 2014 . April 13, 2014 . https://web.archive.org/web/20140413132710/http://www.ekospolitics.com/wp-content/uploads/full_report_april_11_2014.pdf . live .
- Web site: poll . . March 28, 2014 . April 4, 2014 . April 7, 2014 . https://web.archive.org/web/20140407074422/http://www.forumresearch.com/forms/News%20Archives/News%20Releases/75024_Fed_Horserace_News_Release_%282014.03.28%29_Forum_Research.pdf . dead .
- Web site: poll . https://web.archive.org/web/20160303231519/http://angusreidglobal.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/03/ARG-National-Voter-Intention-March-2014.pdf . 2016-03-03 . . March 9, 2014.
- Web site: poll . https://web.archive.org/web/20140315072805/http://abacusinsider.com/abacusinsider/wp-content/uploads/2014/03/Abacus-Federal-Voter-Release-March-13-2014.pdf . 2014-03-15 . . March 5, 2014.
- Web site: poll . . February 19, 2014 . February 22, 2014 . February 27, 2014 . https://web.archive.org/web/20140227004943/http://www.forumresearch.com/forms/News%20Archives/News%20Releases/37614_Fed_Horserace_News_Release_%282014.02.20%29_Forum_Research.pdf . dead .
- Web site: poll . . . February 18, 2014 . January 14, 2022 . January 14, 2022 . https://web.archive.org/web/20220114164955/https://www.ctvnews.ca/politics/liberal-lead-jumps-to-8-points-canadians-shrug-off-budget-poll-1.1695050 . live .
- Web site: poll . https://web.archive.org/web/20140222162319/http://www.angusreidglobal.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/02/ARG-National-Voting-Intention-Feb-2014.pdf . 2014-02-22 . . February 16, 2014.
- Web site: poll . https://web.archive.org/web/20140225225546/http://www.nanosresearch.com/library/polls/POLNAT-W14-T595E.pdf . 2014-02-25 . . February 15, 2014.
- Web site: poll . . . February 4, 2014 . January 14, 2022 . January 14, 2022 . https://web.archive.org/web/20220114164958/https://www.ctvnews.ca/politics/trudeau-s-attempt-at-senate-reform-popular-but-fails-to-boost-votes-poll-1.1677821 . live .
- Web site: poll . . January 27, 2014 . January 30, 2014 . August 25, 2014 . https://web.archive.org/web/20140825153226/http://www.ekospolitics.com/wp-content/uploads/full_report_january_30_2014.pdf . live .
- Web site: poll . . January 25, 2014 . January 31, 2014 . February 2, 2014 . https://web.archive.org/web/20140202160929/http://www.forumresearch.com/forms/News%20Archives/News%20Releases/27687_Fed_Horserace_News_Release_%282014.01.25%29_Forum_Research.pdf . dead .
- Web site: poll . https://web.archive.org/web/20140207192036/http://abacusinsider.com/abacusinsider/wp-content/uploads/2014/01/FederalBallotRelease_January2014.pdf . 2014-02-07 . . January 18, 2014.
- Web site: poll . . January 17, 2014 . January 31, 2014 . February 2, 2014 . https://web.archive.org/web/20140202160522/http://www.forumresearch.com/forms/News%20Archives/News%20Releases/75734_Fed_Horserace_News_Release_%282014.01.18%29_Forum_Research.pdf . dead .
- Web site: poll . . December 15, 2013 . December 19, 2013 . December 21, 2013 . https://web.archive.org/web/20131221182559/http://www.ekospolitics.com/wp-content/uploads/full_report_december_19_2013.pdf . live .
- Web site: poll . . December 13, 2013 . January 31, 2014 . February 2, 2014 . https://web.archive.org/web/20140202160522/http://www.forumresearch.com/forms/News%20Archives/News%20Releases/75734_Fed_Horserace_News_Release_%282014.01.18%29_Forum_Research.pdf . dead .
- Web site: poll . . . November 27, 2013 . January 14, 2022 . January 14, 2022 . https://web.archive.org/web/20220114164958/https://www.ctvnews.ca/politics/liberals-take-6-point-national-lead-advance-in-key-provinces-poll-1.1565979 . live .
- Web site: poll .
- Web site: poll . . November 13, 2013 . November 19, 2013 . November 30, 2013 . https://web.archive.org/web/20131130140812/http://www.forumresearch.com/forms/News%20Archives/News%20Releases/00747_Federal_Horserace_News_Release_%282013.11.14%29_Forum_Research.pdf . dead .
- Web site: poll . . October 29, 2013 . October 30, 2013 . November 4, 2013 . https://web.archive.org/web/20131104122200/http://www.ekospolitics.com/wp-content/uploads/vote_intention_october_30_2013.pdf . live .
- Web site: poll . . . October 28, 2013 . January 14, 2022 . January 14, 2022 . https://web.archive.org/web/20220114164953/https://www.ctvnews.ca/politics/one-point-separates-liberals-tories-and-ndp-poll-1.1521349 . live .
- Web site: poll . . October 23, 2013 . October 25, 2013 . October 29, 2013 . https://web.archive.org/web/20131029190858/http://www.forumresearch.com/forms/News%20Archives/News%20Releases/95123_Fed_Horserace_%282013.10.24%29_Forum_Research.pdf . dead .
- Web site: poll . . October 22, 2013 . October 25, 2013 . October 29, 2013 . https://web.archive.org/web/20131029190858/http://www.forumresearch.com/forms/News%20Archives/News%20Releases/95123_Fed_Horserace_%282013.10.24%29_Forum_Research.pdf . dead .
- Web site: poll . https://web.archive.org/web/20131028093835/http://abacusinsider.com/abacusinsider/wp-content/uploads/2013/10/Federal-Political-Update_Oct2013.pdf . 2013-10-28 . . October 22, 2013.
- Web site: poll . . . October 20, 2013 . January 14, 2022 . January 14, 2022 . https://web.archive.org/web/20220114164953/https://www.ctvnews.ca/politics/one-point-separates-liberals-tories-and-ndp-poll-1.1521349 . live .
- Web site: poll . https://web.archive.org/web/20131029192852/http://www.nanosresearch.com/library/polls/POLNAT-W13-T586E.pdf . 2013-10-29 . . October 18, 2013.
- Web site: poll . . October 14, 2013 . October 17, 2013 . October 22, 2013 . https://web.archive.org/web/20131022193914/http://www.ekospolitics.com/wp-content/uploads/full_report_october_16_2013.pdf . live .
- Web site: poll . . . September 20, 2013 . January 14, 2022 . January 14, 2022 . https://web.archive.org/web/20220114164955/https://www.ctvnews.ca/politics/three-way-race-shaping-up-ahead-of-2015-federal-election-poll-1.1474539 . live .
- Web site: poll . . September 17, 2013 . September 30, 2013 . September 23, 2014 . https://web.archive.org/web/20140923080208/http://www.forumresearch.com/forms/News%20Archives/News%20Releases/74455_Fed_Horserace_%2820130918%29_Forum_Research.pdf . dead .
- Web site: poll . https://web.archive.org/web/20150924025229/http://www.harrisdecima.ca/sites/default/files/releases/2013/09/14/hd-2013-09-14-en1917.pdf . 24 September 2015 . dead.
- Web site: poll . https://web.archive.org/web/20151001133036/http://abacusinsider.com/abacusinsider/wp-content/uploads/2013/09/Political-Update_September2013.pdf . 2015-10-01 . . September 4, 2013.
- Web site: poll . https://web.archive.org/web/20131029192852/http://www.nanosresearch.com/library/polls/POLNAT-W13-T586E.pdf . 2013-10-29 . . August 31, 2013.
- Web site: poll . . August 23, 2013 . August 26, 2013 . September 23, 2014 . https://web.archive.org/web/20140923080128/http://www.forumresearch.com/forms/News%20Archives/News%20Releases/64039_Federal_Horserace_%2824082013%29_Forum_Research.pdf . dead .
- Web site: poll . https://web.archive.org/web/20131008150114/http://www.nanosresearch.com/library/polls/2013-08-BallotE.pdf . 2013-10-08 . . August 22, 2013.
- Web site: poll . https://web.archive.org/web/20131101215256/http://www.nanosresearch.com/library/polls/POLNAT-W12-T582E.pdf . 2013-11-01 . . August 19, 2013.
- Web site: poll . . July 23, 2013 . August 1, 2013 . September 23, 2014 . https://web.archive.org/web/20140923080122/http://www.forumresearch.com/forms/News%20Archives/News%20Releases/54553_Federal_Horserace_%2807242013%29%28Forum_Research%29.pdf . dead .
- Web site: poll . . July 9, 2013 . July 18, 2013 . April 22, 2014 . https://web.archive.org/web/20140422231205/http://www.ekospolitics.com/wp-content/uploads/full_report_july_18_2013.pdf . live .
- Web site: poll . . June 30, 2013.
- Web site: poll . . . June 25, 2013 . January 14, 2022 . January 14, 2022 . https://web.archive.org/web/20220114165000/https://www.ctvnews.ca/politics/liberals-slightly-ahead-but-all-major-parties-within-five-points-poll-1.1354184 . live .
- Web site: poll . https://web.archive.org/web/20130809222914/http://abacusinsider.com/politics-public-affairs/federal-vote-intentions/ . 2013-08-09 . . June 23, 2013.
- Web site: poll . . June 19, 2013.
- Web site: poll . https://web.archive.org/web/20141022012417/http://www.nanosresearch.com/library/polls/2013-06-BallotE.pdf . 2014-10-22 . . June 19, 2013.
- Web site: poll . . June 18, 2013 . July 2, 2013 . September 24, 2015 . https://web.archive.org/web/20150924015105/http://www.forumresearch.com/forms/News%20Archives/News%20Releases/30590_Federal_Horserace_%2806192013%29%28Forum_Research%29.pdf . dead .
- Web site: poll . . . May 28, 2013 . January 14, 2022 . January 14, 2022 . https://web.archive.org/web/20220114164956/https://www.ctvnews.ca/politics/ctv-poll-13-believe-harper-didn-t-know-about-90k-bailout-for-mike-duffy-1.1304835 . live .
- Web site: poll . . May 26, 2013 . July 18, 2013 . August 3, 2013 . https://web.archive.org/web/20130803023152/http://www.ekospolitics.com/index.php/2013/07/ekos-poll-may-2013/ . live .
- Web site: poll . . May 22, 2013 . August 2, 2013 . September 23, 2014 . https://web.archive.org/web/20140923080113/http://www.forumresearch.com/forms/News%20Archives/News%20Releases/46791_Fed_Horserace_%28Forum_Research%29_%2805232013%29.pdf . dead .
- Web site: poll . . May 2, 2013 . May 8, 2013 . June 12, 2013 . https://web.archive.org/web/20130612122226/http://www.ekospolitics.com/wp-content/uploads/full_report_may_8_2013.pdf . live .
- Web site: poll . . April 30, 2013 . September 8, 2013 . September 11, 2013 . https://web.archive.org/web/20130911153205/http://o.canada.com/2013/05/06/conservative-attack-ads-arent-doing-much-damage-to-justin-trudeaus-liberals-poll-finds/ . dead .
- Web site: poll . https://web.archive.org/web/20150924025206/http://www.harrisdecima.ca/sites/default/files/releases/2013/05/02/hd-2013-05-02-en1805.pdf . 24 September 2015 . dead.
- Web site: poll . . April 15, 2013 . April 26, 2013 . April 24, 2013 . https://web.archive.org/web/20130424010706/https://www.forumresearch.com/forms/News%20Archives/News%20Releases/56903_Federal_Issues_%28Forum_Research%29_%2804162013%29.pdf . dead .
- Web site: poll . . April 10, 2013 . April 26, 2013 . May 25, 2013 . https://web.archive.org/web/20130525234732/http://www.ekospolitics.com/wp-content/uploads/full_report_april_12_2013.pdf . live .
- Web site: poll . https://web.archive.org/web/20141022012605/http://www.nanosresearch.com/library/polls/2013-04-BallotE.pdf . 2014-10-22 . . April 8, 2013.
- Web site: poll . . April 6, 2013 . April 26, 2013 . October 22, 2014 . https://web.archive.org/web/20141022005425/http://abacusdata.ca/wp-content/uploads/2013/04/Political-Update_Apr2013-FINAL.pdf . dead .
- Web site: poll . . . April 3, 2013 . April 26, 2013 . April 12, 2013 . https://web.archive.org/web/20130412071612/http://globalnews.ca/news/456359/justin-trudeau-poised-to-make-politics-exciting-poll/ . live .
- Web site: poll . . April 2, 2013 . April 26, 2013 . May 9, 2013 . https://web.archive.org/web/20130509135947/https://www.forumresearch.com/forms/News%20Archives/News%20Releases/84712_Horserace_Trudeau_and_Leader_Values_%28Forum_Research%29_%2804032013%29.pdf . dead .
- Web site: poll . . March 28, 2013.
- Web site: poll . . March 21, 2013 . April 26, 2013 . April 18, 2013 . https://web.archive.org/web/20130418071927/http://abacusdata.ca/wp-content/uploads/2013/03/Political-Update_Mar-2013.pdf . dead .
- Web site: poll . . March 7, 2013 . April 26, 2013 . September 30, 2015 . https://web.archive.org/web/20150930175133/https://www.forumresearch.com/forms/News%20Archives/News%20Releases/30072_Federal_-_Political_Issues_%28Forum_Research%29_%2820130308%29.pdf . dead .
- Web site: poll . https://web.archive.org/web/20130320002419/http://www.nanosresearch.com/library/polls/2013-02-BallotE.pdf . 2013-03-20 . . February 24, 2013.
- Web site: poll . . February 10, 2013 . April 26, 2013 . February 28, 2013 . https://web.archive.org/web/20130228124549/http://www.ekospolitics.com/wp-content/uploads/full_report_on_february_16_2013.pdf . live .
- Web site: poll . . February 6, 2013 . April 26, 2013 . March 19, 2013 . https://web.archive.org/web/20130319111729/http://www.forumresearch.com/forms/News%20Archives/News%20Releases/98982_Federal_-_Political_Issues_(Forum_Research)_(20130207).pdf . dead .
- Web site: poll . . February 6, 2013 . April 26, 2013 . October 22, 2014 . https://web.archive.org/web/20141022004037/http://abacusdata.ca/wp-content/uploads/2013/02/FEDERALPolitical-Update_Feb-2013_Abacus.pdf . dead .
- Web site: poll . https://web.archive.org/web/20141022013003/http://www.nanosresearch.com/library/polls/2013-01-BallotE.pdf . 2014-10-22 . . January 31, 2013.
- Web site: poll . . January 17, 2013 . April 26, 2013 . September 30, 2015 . https://web.archive.org/web/20150930214730/https://www.forumresearch.com/forms/News%20Archives/News%20Releases/84188_Canada-wide_-_Political_Issues_%28Forum_Research%29_%2820120118%29.pdf . dead .
- Web site: poll . . January 17, 2013 . September 8, 2013 . September 30, 2015 . https://web.archive.org/web/20150930032951/http://angusreidglobal.com/wp-content/uploads/2013/01/2013.01.19_Politics_CAN.pdf . dead .
- Web site: poll . . January 3, 2013 . September 8, 2013 . September 30, 2015 . https://web.archive.org/web/20150930094954/http://angusreidglobal.com/wp-content/uploads/2013/01/2013.01.04_Politics_CAN.pdf . live .
- Web site: poll . . December 18, 2012 . April 26, 2013 . March 10, 2013 . https://web.archive.org/web/20130310224256/https://www.forumresearch.com/forms/News%20Archives/News%20Releases/86357_Canada-wide_-Political_Issues_%28Forum_Research%29_%2820121219%29.pdf . dead .
- Web site: poll . . December 8, 2012 . April 26, 2013 . October 22, 2014 . https://web.archive.org/web/20141022004515/http://abacusdata.ca/wp-content/uploads/2012/12/Political-Update-December-2012.pdf . dead .
- Web site: poll . https://web.archive.org/web/20121224220141/http://www.legermarketing.com/admin/upload/publi_pdf/ENCA20121210.pdf . 2012-12-24 . . December 6, 2012.
- Web site: poll . . December 3, 2012 . April 26, 2013 . December 22, 2014 . https://web.archive.org/web/20141222002942/http://www.ekospolitics.com/wp-content/uploads/full_report_december_17_2012.pdf . live .
- Web site: poll . . November 19, 2012 . April 26, 2013 . March 10, 2013 . https://web.archive.org/web/20130310223711/https://www.forumresearch.com/forms/News%20Archives/News%20Releases/33520_Canada-wide_-_Poltical_Issues_%28Forum_Research%29_%2820121120%29.pdf . dead .
- Web site: poll . https://web.archive.org/web/20141022011605/http://www.nanosresearch.com/library/polls/2012-11-BallotE.pdf . 2014-10-22 . . November 15, 2012.
- Web site: poll . . November 11, 2012 . April 26, 2013 . October 22, 2014 . https://web.archive.org/web/20141022005423/http://abacusdata.ca/wp-content/uploads/2012/11/Political-Update-November-2012.pdf . dead .
- Web site: poll . . November 8, 2012 . April 26, 2013 . May 7, 2024 . https://web.archive.org/web/20240507061407/https://nationalpost.com/category/news/ . live .
- Web site: poll . . October 27, 2012 . April 26, 2013 . September 30, 2015 . https://web.archive.org/web/20150930193138/https://www.forumresearch.com/forms/News%20Archives/News%20Releases/00467_Canada-wide_-_Political_Issues_%28Forum_Research%29_%2820121029%29.pdf . dead .
- Web site: poll . https://web.archive.org/web/20121114054742/http://www.nanosresearch.com/library/polls/2012-10-BallotE.pdf . 2012-11-14 . . October 11, 2012.
- Web site: poll . . September 26, 2012 . April 26, 2013 . September 30, 2015 . https://web.archive.org/web/20150930185229/https://www.forumresearch.com/forms/News%20Archives/News%20Releases/14952_Canada-wide_-_Federal_Political_Issues_%28Forum_Research%29.pdf . dead .
- Web site: poll . https://web.archive.org/web/20121021003000/http://www.environics.ca/uploads/File/Environics-Research---Federal-Vote-Intention-Sept-27-2012.pdf . 2012-10-21 . . September 23, 2012.
- Web site: poll . . September 18, 2012 . April 26, 2013 . September 27, 2013 . https://web.archive.org/web/20130927090038/http://abacusdata.ca/wp-content/uploads/2012/09/Political-Update-September-2012.pdf . dead .
- News: poll . . 16 September 2012 . 7 September 2017 . 3 March 2016 . https://web.archive.org/web/20160303225120/http://www.theglobeandmail.com/news/politics/tories-have-edge-ndp-support-sags-as-parliament-returns-poll/article4547961/ . live .
- Web site: poll . https://web.archive.org/web/20121030075251/http://www.nanosresearch.com/library/polls/2012-09-BallotE.pdf . 2012-10-30 . . September 9, 2012.
- Web site: poll . . August 22, 2012 . April 26, 2013 . September 30, 2015 . https://web.archive.org/web/20150930191420/https://www.forumresearch.com/forms/News%20Archives/News%20Releases/45178_Canada-wide_-_Federal_Political_Issues_%28Forum_Research%29_%2820120822%29.pdf . dead .
- Web site: poll . https://web.archive.org/web/20121130233931/http://abacusdata.ca/2012/08/15/federal-politics-tories-lead-ndp-by-5/ . 2012-11-30 . . August 12, 2012.
- Web site: poll . . July 26, 2012 . April 26, 2013 . September 30, 2015 . https://web.archive.org/web/20150930213645/https://www.forumresearch.com/forms/News%20Archives/News%20Releases/58470_Canada-wide_-_Federal_Political_Issues_%28Forum_Research%29.pdf . dead .
- Web site: poll . https://web.archive.org/web/20120907073447/http://www.nanosresearch.com/library/polls/2012-07-BallotE.pdf . 2012-09-07 . . July 12, 2012.
- Web site: poll . . July 5, 2012.
- Web site: poll . . June 27, 2012 . April 26, 2013 . September 30, 2015 . https://web.archive.org/web/20150930212247/https://www.forumresearch.com/forms/News%20Archives/News%20Releases/63484_Canada-wide_-_Federal_Political_Issues_%28Forum_Research%29_%2820120628%29.pdf . dead .
- Web site: poll . . June 26, 2012.
- Web site: poll . https://web.archive.org/web/20120905153253/http://abacusdata.ca/2012/06/26/federal-politics-tories-and-ndp-tied-at-35/ . 2012-09-05 . . June 23, 2012.
- Web site: poll . https://web.archive.org/web/20120907080200/http://www.environics.ca/uploads/File/Environics-Research---Federal-Vote-Intention-June-27-2012.pdf . 2012-09-07 . . June 23, 2012.
- Web site: poll . . . June 21, 2012.
- Web site: poll . https://web.archive.org/web/20150924025141/http://www.harrisdecima.ca/sites/default/files/releases/2012/06/20/hd-2012-06-20-en1433.pdf . 24 September 2015 . dead.
- Web site: poll . . June 16, 2012 . September 8, 2013 . January 16, 2014 . https://web.archive.org/web/20140116190759/http://www.angusreidglobal.com/wp-content/uploads/2012/06/2012.06.18_Politics_CAN.pdf . dead .
- Web site: poll . . June 14, 2012 . April 26, 2013 . March 10, 2013 . https://web.archive.org/web/20130310222823/http://www.forumresearch.com/forms/News%20Archives/News%20Releases/00294_Canada-wide_-_Federal_Political_Issues_%28Forum_Research%29.pdf . dead .
- Web site: poll . https://web.archive.org/web/20120616173250/http://www.nanosresearch.com/library/polls/POLNAT-W12-T541E.pdf . 2012-06-16 . . May 31, 2012.
- Web site: poll . . May 23, 2012 . April 26, 2013 . March 10, 2013 . https://web.archive.org/web/20130310223528/http://www.forumresearch.com/forms/News%20Archives/News%20Releases/74450_Canada-wide_-_Federal_Issues_%28Forum_Research%29_%2820120524%29.pdf . dead .
- Web site: poll . . May 23, 2012 . September 8, 2013 . September 30, 2015 . https://web.archive.org/web/20150930015756/http://angusreidglobal.com/wp-content/uploads/2012/05/2012.05.24_Politics_CAN.pdf . dead .
- Web site: poll . . May 16, 2012 . April 26, 2013 . May 26, 2012 . https://web.archive.org/web/20120526110713/http://abacusdata.ca/wp-content/uploads/2012/05/Political-Update-May-2012.pdf . dead .
- Web site: poll . . May 10, 2012.
- Web site: poll . https://web.archive.org/web/20120523020553/http://www.environics.ca/uploads/File/Environics-Research---Federal-Vote-Intention-May-17-2012(1).pdf . 23 May 2012 . dead.
- Web site: poll . https://web.archive.org/web/20150924025129/http://www.harrisdecima.ca/sites/default/files/releases/2012/05/10/hd-2012-05-10-en1382.pdf . 24 September 2015 . dead.
- Web site: poll . https://web.archive.org/web/20150924025117/http://www.harrisdecima.ca/sites/default/files/releases/2012/05/02/hd-2012-05-02-en1372.pdf . 24 September 2015 . dead.
- Web site: poll . . April 25, 2012 . April 26, 2013 . March 10, 2013 . https://web.archive.org/web/20130310222649/http://www.forumresearch.com/forms/News%20Archives/News%20Releases/35582_Canada-wide_-_Federal_Issues_Forum_Research_20120426__DM__version_2_.pdf . dead .
- Web site: poll . https://web.archive.org/web/20130317171818/http://www.nanosresearch.com/library/polls/2012-04-BallotE.pdf . 2013-03-17 . . April 18, 2012.
- Web site: poll . . April 5, 2012.
- Web site: poll . https://web.archive.org/web/20120616161203/http://www.legermarketing.com/admin/upload/publi_pdf/Federal_Political_Survey_Leger_Marketing-Le_Devoir-The_Gazette_April_7_2012.pdf . 2012-06-16 . . April 4, 2012.
- Web site: poll .
- Web site: poll . . March 30, 2012 . April 26, 2013 . June 16, 2012 . https://web.archive.org/web/20120616180340/http://www.forumresearch.com/forms/News%20Archives/News%20Releases/52797_Canada-wide_-_Federal_Issues_(Forum_Research).pdf . dead .
- Web site: poll . . March 27, 2012 . April 26, 2013 . September 24, 2015 . https://web.archive.org/web/20150924015145/http://www.forumresearch.com/forms/News%20Archives/News%20Releases/34523_Canada-wide_-_Federal_Issues_Poll_%28Forum_Research%29.pdf . dead .
- Web site: poll . . March 21, 2012 . September 8, 2013 . September 30, 2015 . https://web.archive.org/web/20150930040858/http://angusreidglobal.com/wp-content/uploads/2012/03/2012.03.22_Politics_CAN.pdf . dead .
- Web site: poll . https://web.archive.org/web/20120619164304/http://www.innovativeresearch.ca/sites/default/files/pdf%2C%20doc%2C%20docx%2C%20jpg%2C%20png%2C%20xls%2C%20xlsx/120323_NDP_0.pdf . 2012-06-19 . Innovative Research . March 21, 2012.
- Web site: poll . https://web.archive.org/web/20150924025106/http://www.harrisdecima.ca/sites/default/files/releases/2012/03/22/hd-2012-03-22-en1329.pdf . 24 September 2015 . dead.
- Web site: poll . https://web.archive.org/web/20120328233423/http://www.environics.ca/uploads/File/Environics-Research---Federal-Vote-Intention-March-21-2012.pdf . 2012-03-28 . . March 18, 2012.
- Web site: poll . https://web.archive.org/web/20120712031722/http://abacusdata.ca/2012/03/16/federal-politics-tory-lead-steady-despite-robocall-issue-bq-leads-in-quebec/ . 2012-07-12 . . March 13, 2012.
- Web site: poll . . March 11, 2012.
- Web site: poll . . . March 8, 2012.
- Web site: poll . https://web.archive.org/web/20120324082432/http://www.legermarketing.com/admin/upload/publi_pdf/Survey_QMI_Agency_Quebec_Seen_by_the_ROC_March_11_2012.pdf . 2012-03-24 . . March 5, 2012.
- Web site: poll . . March 3, 2012 . April 26, 2013 . September 30, 2015 . https://web.archive.org/web/20150930180056/https://www.forumresearch.com/forms/News%20Archives/News%20Releases/94610_Canada-wide_-_Federal_Issues_Poll_%28Forum_Research%29_%2820120205%29.pdf . dead .
- Web site: poll . https://web.archive.org/web/20120324023825/http://www.nanosresearch.com/library/polls/2012-02-BallotE.pdf . 2012-03-24 . . February 29, 2012.
- Web site: poll . . February 28, 2012.
- Web site: poll . . February 6, 2012 . April 26, 2013 . September 30, 2015 . https://web.archive.org/web/20150930202643/https://www.forumresearch.com/forms/News%20Archives/News%20Releases/70671_Canada-wide_-_Federal_Voting_Intention_%28Forum_Research%29.pdf . dead .
- Web site: poll . https://web.archive.org/web/20121225233510/http://www.nanosresearch.com/library/polls/2012-01-BallotE.pdf . 2012-12-25 . . January 23, 2012.
- Web site: poll . https://web.archive.org/web/20150924025054/http://www.harrisdecima.ca/sites/default/files/releases/2012/01/25/hd-2012-01-25-en1297.pdf . 24 September 2015 . dead.
- Web site: poll . . January 21, 2012 . September 8, 2013 . September 30, 2015 . https://web.archive.org/web/20150930091113/http://angusreidglobal.com/wp-content/uploads/2012/01/2012.01.24_Politics_CAN.pdf . dead .
- Web site: poll . . January 19, 2012 . April 26, 2013 . October 22, 2014 . https://web.archive.org/web/20141022003908/http://abacusdata.ca/wp-content/uploads/2012/01/Political-Update-January-2012.pdf . dead .
- Web site: poll . . January 13, 2012.
- Web site: poll . . December 21, 2011.
- Web site: poll . https://web.archive.org/web/20121225232228/http://www.nanosresearch.com/library/polls/2011-12-BallotE.pdf . 2012-12-25 . . December 18, 2011.
- Web site: poll . . December 13, 2011.
- Web site: poll . https://web.archive.org/web/20150924025042/http://www.harrisdecima.ca/sites/default/files/releases/2011/12/14/hd-2011-12-14-en1287.pdf . 24 September 2015 . dead.
- Web site: poll . . December 4, 2011 . April 26, 2013 . May 14, 2013 . https://web.archive.org/web/20130514174757/http://abacusdata.ca/wp-content/uploads/2011/12/Political-Update-Dec-2011.pdf . dead .
- Web site: poll . https://web.archive.org/web/20130514174758/http://www.nanosresearch.com/library/polls/2011-11-BallotE.pdf . 2013-05-14 . . November 21, 2011.
- Web site: poll . . . November 9, 2011.
- Web site: poll . https://web.archive.org/web/20150924025031/http://www.harrisdecima.ca/sites/default/files/releases/2011/11/14/hd-2011-11-14-en1270.pdf . 24 September 2015 . dead.
- Web site: poll . https://web.archive.org/web/20130317171806/http://www.nanosresearch.com/library/polls/2011-10-BallotE.pdf . 2013-03-17 . . October 24, 2011.
- Web site: poll . https://web.archive.org/web/20111027044143/http://www.nanosresearch.com/library/polls/2011-09-BallotE.pdf . 2011-10-27 . . October 2, 2011.
- Web site: poll . . September 21, 2011 . September 8, 2013 . September 30, 2015 . https://web.archive.org/web/20150930041647/http://www.angusreidglobal.com/wp-content/uploads/2011/09/2011.09.24_Politics_CAN.pdf . dead .
- Web site: poll . . September 15, 2011.
- Web site: poll . https://web.archive.org/web/20111015173340/http://www.nanosresearch.com/library/polls/2011-08-BallotE.pdf . 2011-10-15 . . September 1, 2011.
- Web site: poll . https://web.archive.org/web/20150924025019/http://www.harrisdecima.ca/sites/default/files/releases/2011/08/31/hd-2011-08-31-en1220.pdf . 24 September 2015 . dead.
- Web site: poll . . August 15, 2011 . April 26, 2013 . August 27, 2011 . https://web.archive.org/web/20110827231326/http://abacusdata.ca/wp-content/uploads/2011/08/Ballot-and-Leader-Favourability-Abacus-Data-August-2011.pdf . dead .
- Web site: poll . . August 9, 2011 . September 8, 2013 . September 30, 2015 . https://web.archive.org/web/20150930065750/http://angusreidglobal.com/wp-content/uploads/2011/08/2011.08.10_Politics_CAN.pdf . dead .
- Web site: poll . https://web.archive.org/web/20111104194522/http://www.nanosresearch.com/library/polls/2011-07-BallotE.pdf . 2011-11-04 . . August 2, 2011.
- Web site: poll . . June 24, 2011 . April 26, 2013 . October 10, 2011 . https://web.archive.org/web/20111010135844/http://abacusdata.ca/wp-content/uploads/2011/07/Ballot-June-2011.pdf . dead .
- Web site: poll . https://web.archive.org/web/20120414194650/http://www.nanosresearch.com/library/polls/POLNAT-S11-T483E.pdf . 2012-04-14 . . June 19, 2011.
- Web site: poll . https://web.archive.org/web/20120414181015/http://www.nanosresearch.com/library/polls/POLNAT-W11-T482E.pdf . 2012-04-14 . . May 29, 2011.
- News: poll . The Globe and Mail . 30 May 2011 .
- Web site: poll . . May 19, 2011 . April 26, 2013 . August 12, 2011 . https://web.archive.org/web/20110812085250/http://abacusdata.ca/wp-content/uploads/2011/05/Ballot-May-26.pdf . dead .
- Web site: poll .
- Web site: poll . . October 17, 2015.
- Web site: poll . . October 16, 2015.
- Web site: poll . . October 15, 2015.
- Web site: poll . . October 14, 2015.
- Web site: poll . . October 13, 2015.
- Web site: poll . . October 11, 2015.
- Web site: poll . . October 10, 2015.
- Web site: poll . . October 9, 2015.
- Web site: poll . . October 8, 2015.
- Web site: poll . . October 7, 2015.
- Web site: poll . . October 6, 2015.
- Web site: poll . . October 6, 2015.
- Web site: poll . https://web.archive.org/web/20151007033940/http://www.nanosresearch.com/library/polls/20151005%20Leadership%20TrackingE.pdf . 2015-10-07 . . October 5, 2015.
- Web site: poll . . October 4, 2015.
- Web site: poll . . October 3, 2015.
- Web site: poll . https://web.archive.org/web/20151005095954/http://www.nanosresearch.com/library/polls/20151002%20Leadership%20TrackingE.pdf . 2015-10-05 . . October 2, 2015.
- Web site: poll . https://web.archive.org/web/20151005082754/http://www.nanosresearch.com/library/polls/20151001%20Leadership%20TrackingE.pdf . 2015-10-05 . . October 1, 2015.
- Web site: poll . . September 30, 2015.
- Web site: poll . https://web.archive.org/web/20151004083528/http://www.nanosresearch.com/library/polls/20150930%20Leadership%20TrackingE.pdf . 2015-10-04 . . September 30, 2015.
- Web site: poll . . September 29, 2015.
- Web site: poll . https://web.archive.org/web/20151003110403/http://www.nanosresearch.com/library/polls/20150929%20Leadership%20TrackingE.pdf . 2015-10-03 . . September 29, 2015.
- Web site: poll . https://web.archive.org/web/20151003135629/http://www.nanosresearch.com/library/polls/20150928%20Leadership%20TrackingE.pdf . 2015-10-03 . . September 28, 2015.
- Web site: poll . https://web.archive.org/web/20150930030030/http://www.nanosresearch.com/library/polls/20150927%20Leadership%20TrackingE.pdf . 2015-09-30 . . September 27, 2015.
- Web site: poll . https://web.archive.org/web/20150928195731/http://www.nanosresearch.com/library/polls/20150926%20Leadership%20TrackingE.pdf . 2015-09-28 . . September 26, 2015.
- Web site: poll . https://web.archive.org/web/20150928213757/http://www.nanosresearch.com/library/polls/20150925%20Leadership%20TrackingE.pdf . 2015-09-28 . . September 25, 2015.
- Web site: poll . https://web.archive.org/web/20150926045542/http://www.nanosresearch.com/library/polls/20150924%20Leadership%20TrackingE.pdf . 2015-09-26 . . September 24, 2015.
- Web site: poll . https://web.archive.org/web/20150926050042/http://www.nanosresearch.com/library/polls/20150923%20Leadership%20TrackingE.pdf . 2015-09-26 . . September 23, 2015.
- Web site: poll . https://web.archive.org/web/20150925085206/http://www.nanosresearch.com/library/polls/20150922%20Leadership%20TrackingE.pdf . 2015-09-25 . . September 22, 2015.
- Web site: poll . https://web.archive.org/web/20150925090351/http://www.nanosresearch.com/library/polls/20150921%20Leadership%20TrackingE.pdf . 2015-09-25 . . September 21, 2015.
- Web site: poll . . September 21, 2015 . September 22, 2015 . September 25, 2015 . https://web.archive.org/web/20150925075635/http://www.ipsos-na.com/news-polls/pressrelease.aspx?id=6995 . dead .
- Web site: poll . . September 20, 2015.
- Web site: poll . . September 19, 2015.
- Web site: poll . . September 18, 2015.
- Web site: poll . . September 18, 2015.
- Web site: poll . . September 17, 2015.
- Web site: poll . . September 16, 2015.
- Web site: poll . . September 15, 2015.
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- Web site: poll . . September 13, 2015.
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- Web site: poll . . September 10, 2015.
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- Web site: poll . . August 28, 2015.
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- Web site: poll . . August 24, 2015.
- Web site: poll . . August 24, 2015.
- Web site: poll . . August 21, 2015.
- Web site: poll . . August 19, 2015.
- Web site: poll . . August 14, 2015.
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