Opinion polling for the 2000 Russian presidential election explained

Election Name:Opinion polling for the Russian presidential election, 2000
Country:Russia
Type:presidential
Ongoing:yes
Previous Election:Opinion polling for the 1996 Russian presidential election
Previous Year:1996
Next Election:Opinion polling for the 2004 Russian presidential election
Next Year:2004

This page lists public opinion polls in connection with the 2000 Russian presidential election.

First round

1997 polls

Polling Firm/
Link
Fieldwork
Date
Yeltsin
Nemtsov
Zyuganov
Lebed

Luzhkov
Yavlinsky
Zhirinovsky
Chernomyrdin
Tuleyev
Chubais
Fyodorov
OtherAgainst allUndecided
data-sort-type="number" style="background:" data-sort-type="number" style="background:" data-sort-type="number" style="background:" data-sort-type="number" style="background:" data-sort-type="number" style="background:" data-sort-type="number" style="background:" data-sort-type="number" style="background:" data-sort-type="number" style="background:" data-sort-type="number" style="background:" data-sort-type="number" style="background:" data-sort-type="number" style="background: "
1996 election
35.8 style="background:#E9E9E9;" 32.514.7 style="background:#E9E9E9;" 7.45.8 style="background:#E9E9E9;" 0.0 style="background:#E9E9E9;" 0.91.1 1.63.3
WCIOM4 style="background:#E2E2E2" 2814 style="background:#F9E9B1" 1587643118 13
FOM style="background:#E2E2E2" 20style="background:#FBD7D2" 1711116333153
WCIOM4 style="background:#E2E2E2" 15 style="background:#FBD7D2"141097431222 11151
WCIOM58 style="background:#FBD7D2"12 style="background:#F9E9B1" 957433104 14223

1998 polls

Polling Firm/
Link
Fieldwork
Date
Yeltsin
Nemtsov
Zyuganov
Lebed
Luzhkov
Yavlinsky
Zhirinovsky
Chernomyrdin
Primakov
Tuleyev
OtherAgainst AllUndecided
data-sort-type="number" style="background:" data-sort-type="number" style="background:" data-sort-type="number" style="background:" data-sort-type="number" style="background:" data-sort-type="number" style="background:#FFBD1A" data-sort-type="number" style="background:" data-sort-type="number" style="background:" data-sort-type="number" style="background:" data-sort-type="number" style="background:#FFBD1A" data-sort-type="number" style="background:"
VCIOM[1] January 199821698642191023
VCIOM[2] 15 January 1998111812109624412
VCIOMFebruary 19985158742161520
VCIOM[3] 15 February 19986913898422113
VCIOMMarch 199831575833201422
VCIOM[4] 15 March 199841015758342211
VCIOMMay 199851811893481416
FOM[5] 10 May 1998462010111055
VCIOM[6] 15 May 1998416118103421316
VCIOMJune 199851477834111723
VCIOM[7] 15 June 19981413878352215
VCIOMJuly 199821510664291726
VCIOM[8] 15 July 199822131166331215
VCIOMAugust 1998218124553111423
VCIOM[9] 15 August 199811138664131124
VCIOMSeptember 199811685642222
VCIOMOctober 1998012710832471232
VCIOM[10] 15 October 19981111710932513
VCIOM[11] 30 October 19981112912831821
VCIOM[12] 30 October 1998171320174214
VCIOMNovember 1998114911631771326
VCIOM[13] 15 November 19982218181352135
VCIOM[14] 15 November 199832110171352132
VCIOMDecember 19981712841106827

1999 polls

Polling FirmFieldwork
Date
PutinNemtsovZyuganovLebedLuzhkovYavlinskyZhirinovskyChernomyrdinPrimakovKiriyenkoStepashinPamfilovaShoiguTuleyevBarkashovBryntsalovLukashenkoSeleznyovOtherAgainst AllUndecidedWouldn't voteAdditional candidates
data-sort-type="number" style="background:"data-sort-type="number" style="background:"data-sort-type="number" style="background:"data-sort-type="number" style="background:gold"data-sort-type="number" style="background:#FFBD1A"data-sort-type="number" style="background:"data-sort-type="number" style="background:"data-sort-type="number" style="background:"data-sort-type="number" style="background:#FFBD1A"data-sort-type="number" style="background:"data-sort-type="number" style="background:"data-sort-type="number" style="background:"data-sort-type="number" style="background:"data-sort-type="number" style="background:"data-sort-type="number" style="background:brown"data-sort-type="number" style="background:#020266"data-sort-type="number" style="background:"data-sort-type="number" style="background:"
VCIOM[15] 15 February 199932081612511642511
VCIOM[16] 15 February 199931991712411642210
VCIOM[17] 15 February 1999216101511411644326Makashov
0
VCIOM19-22 February 1999175139301027925
VCIOM[18] 28 February 19992217191451203117
VCIOMMarch 199917613103115331020
VCIOMApril 1999196131161154251110
VCIOMMay 19991951376115431216
VCIOM[19] 15 March 1999221613116115310011113
VCIOM[20] 15 March 19992217161261184219
VCIOM[21] 30 March 199912061811721733128
VCIOM[22] 15 April 1999221616116214461119
VCIOM[23] 30 April 199922051610521547210129Aksyonenko
0
VTsIOMJune 19992471512621445
FOM[24] [25] June 199917613962177
VCIOM[26] 15 June 1999251153873118323113Aksyonenko, Matviyenko
0
VCIOM18−22 June 199916614861113461213
VCIOM[27] 30 June 1999331182474015222235
VCIOM[28] 30 June 1999321181354014231137
FOMJuly 199916966108
VCIOM[29] 15 July 19993711845530122230125
VCIOM[30] 15 July 19993911934630112140024
VCIOM23−28 July 199918413742133661015
VCIOM[31] 30 July 19994611512530112120136
VCIOM[32] 30 July 19994911612530102111125
FOMAugust 1999216666116
VCIOM[33] 15 August 19994911622430102121025
VCIOM[34] 15 August 1999511172253072021124
VCIOM18−21 August 199921948772153541211
FOM[35] 19–20 August 1999431523432
VTsIOM[36] [37] 20-24 August 199922265996319371
FOM21-22 August 1999116586722211
FOM[38] 26–27 August 199942162333126
VCIOM[39] 30 August 1999481151273092131136
VCIOM[40] 30 August 1999471161154083140126
FOMSeptember 19991416755107
FOM[41] 2–3 September 199944152443324
FOM[42] 9–10 September 199943151442224
VCIOM[43] 15 September 1999471161254082121135
VCIOM15 September 1999482171253072120136
FOM[44] 16–17 September 199941152453234
VTsIOM[45] September 17–21, 19994-717-274-5107-93-5119-223-6
VCIOM17−21 September 199951948631162331614
FOMSeptember 18–19, 19991-216-2658-96-96-72-319-227-11
FOM[46] 23–24 September 199941162342324
VCIOM[47] 30 September 1999511141244092120144
VCIOM[48] 30 September 1999531150243072131225
FOM30 Sept.–1 Oct. 199942152342324
FOMOctober 19992116655106
VCIOMOctober 1999221625530132261213
FOM7–8 October 199942172443213510Kasyanov
1
FOM14–15 October 199942171443224588
VCIOM15–18 October 199919155313
VTsIOM15-19 October 199921-2616-2035-873-414-163-62-3
FOM21–22 October 1999391824522235109Kasyanov
0
FOM28–29 October 199944162433224578
VCIOM29 October–1 November 199925176313
FOMNovember 1999401653395
VCIOMNovember 199922141243072141213
FOM[49] 4–5 November 199943152333224
FOMDecember 1999451555574
VCIOMDecember 19994013003361041212
VCIOM10–13 December 199930154414
FOM11–12 November 199945152342224
VCIOM12–15 December 199935142415
VCIOM[50] 15 November 1999531131243092141034
VCIOM[51] 15 November 1999541121242093131224
FOM18–19 November 19994114 2352314
FOM25–26 November 19994715 2442223
VTsIOM[52] [53] November 26–29, 19994517725394
VCIOM26–29 November 199936144313
FOM2–3 December 199944151442125
VCIOM3–6 December 199936145415
FOM[54] 8 December 1999 45173547474
FOM9–10 December 199946162343234
VCIOM10–13 December 199941143312
FOM16–17 December 199945171332123
VTsIOM17-20 December 19995119225492
VCIOM17–20 December 199941123314
FOM23–24 December 199947152432233
VCIOM24–27 December 19994214359
VCIOM[55] 30 December 1999511161134093131135
VCIOM[56] 30 December 1999530161123083121124

2000 polls

Agency Date PutinNemtsovZyuganovLebedLuzhkovYavlinskyZhirinovskyChernomyrdinPrimakovKiriyenkoStepashinPamfilovaShoiguTuleyevSeleznyovTitovGovorukhinDzhabrailovPodberezkinSkuratovOtherAgainst AllUndecidedWouldn't voteAdditional candidates
VCIOM8 December 1999 – 4 January 20004811323126
FOMJanuary 2000 54144411474
VCIOM8–10 January 20004815233108
VTsIOM[57] 14–17 January 2000621522917
VTsIOM14–17 January 2000581643728
VCIOM14–17 January 200055133322123
VCIOM21–24 January 200049123314138
VCIOM28–31 January 200049132313117
VTsIOM[58] [59] 28–31 January 20005815326719
VCIOM[60] 30 January 2000590161123081011124
VCIOM[61] 30 January 20005601401220621101084
VCIOM[62] 30 January 2000620161122071011124
VCIOMFebruary 20005015325109
FOM2–3 February 2000 53154321385
VTsIOM4–7 February 571742537
FOM5–6 February 2000 55153312375
FOM9–10 February 2000 57185321473
VTsIOM11–14 February 591943<1211<1<1<1147
FOM12–13 February 2000 54185411494
FOM16–17 February 2000 53215321474
VTsIOM[63] 18–21 February 591833<1311<1<1<1328
FOM19–20 February 2000 55165421396
FOM23–24 February 2000 5316441213394
VTsIOM[64] 25–28 February 562153211<1<1<1329Savostyanov
1
FOM26–27 February 2000 5419612114103
FOM1–2 March 2000 5418412113105
VTsIOM3–6 March592242036
VCIOM3-6 March 200047174426995
FOM4–5 March 2000 5419412124105
FOM9–10 March 2000 4620551223394
VTsIOM10–13 March5821532126
FOM11–12 March 2000 48194413224104
FOM15–16 March 2000 48205413313104
FOM18–19 March 2000 44205414213125
FOM22–23 March 2000 46205313212125
Result26 Mar 200053.429.55.92.71.03.01.50.40.10.10.4

Hypothetical second round polls

With Chernomyrdin

Date Agency ChernomyrdinRyzhkovZyuganovAgainst allWouldn't vote
15 February 1998VCIOM[65] 26%29%30%14%
15 June 1999VCIOM[66] 12%19%69%

With Kiriyenko

Date Agency KiriyenkoPutinYavlinskyAgainst all
15 June 1999VCIOM[67] 11%66%23%
19%29%52%

With Lebed

Date Agency LebedPrimakovPutinZyuganovAgainst allWouldn't vote
15 February 1998VCIOM[68] 37%24%26%13%
8 November 1998FOM23%45%
15 June 1999VCIOM12%66%22%
15 August 1999VCIOM[69] 6%80%5%

With Luzhkov

Date Agency LuzhkovPrimakovPutinStepashinShoiguYavlinskyZyuganovAgainst allWouldn't vote
15 February 1998VCIOM[70] 46%24%18%11%
8 November 1998FOM25%40%
30 April 1999VCIOM[71] [72] [73] [74] 32%49%9%10%
43%31%14%12%
45%28%15%12%
45%32%13%10%
15 June 1999VCIOM[75] [76] [77] 18%59%24%
28%30%42%
31%27%42%
15 June 1999VCIOM[78] [79] 28%31%41%
10%77%5%

With Primakov

Date Agency PrimakovLebedLuzhkovPutinStepashinYavlinskyZyuganovAgainst allWouldn't Vote
8 November 1998FOM45% 23%
40%25%
45%20%
43%25%
30 April 1999VCIOM[81] [82] [83] 49%32%9%10%
54%25%11%10%
56%23%11%10%
55%25%10%9%
15 June 1999VCIOM59%18%24%
15 August 1999VCIOM[84] [85] [86] 20%69%7%4%
46%21%25%8%
42%26%26%10%
30 January 2000VCIOM[87] 18%75%4%3%

With Putin

Date Agency PutinKiriyenkoLebedLuzhkovPrimakovShoiguStepashinYavlinskyZhirinovskyZyuganovAgainst allUndecidedWouldn't vote
15 June 1999VCIOM[88] [89] [90] 66%11%23%
66%12%22%
64%12%24%
15 August 1999VCIOM[91] [92] [93] [94] 80%6%5%
77%10%5%
69%20%7%4%
80%6%9%5%
77%10%8%5%
81%5%9%5%
67%23%6%4%
30 January 2000VCIOM[95] 75%18%4%3%
71%23%3%3%
11–14 February 2000VTsIOM76%11%9%4%
68%24%4%4%
10–13 March 2000VTsIOM72%10%12%6%
64%26%6%4%

With Shoigu

Date Agency ShoiguLuzhkovPutinAgainst all
15 June 1999VCIOM27%31%42%
12%64%24%

With Stepashin

Date Agency StepashinLuzhkovPrimakovPutinYavlinskyZyuganovAgainst allWouldn't vote
15 February 1998VCIOM[96] 44%32%15%10%
15 April 1999VCIOM[97] 40%29%18%13%
30 April 1999VCIOM31%43%14%12%
25%54%11%10%
15 June 1999VCIOM[98] 30%28%42%
26%30%43%
15 August 1999VCIOM6%80%9%5%

With Yavlinsky

Date Agency YavlinskyKiriyenkoLuzhkovPutinPrimakovStepashinZyuganovAgainst allUndecidedWouldn't Vote
15 February 1998VCIOM[99] 24%46%18%11%
35%27%25%13%
8 November 1998FOM20%45%
15 April 1999VCIOM29%40%18%13%
30 April 1999VCIOM[100] 28%45%15%12%
23%56%11%10%
37%34%18%11%
15 June 1999VCIOM29%19%52%
31%28%41%
10%77%8%5%
30%26%43%
15 August 1999VCIOM[101] 21%46%25%8%
35%29%29%7%
11–14 February 2000VTsIOM11%76%9%4%
10–13 March 2000VTsIOM10%72%12%6%

With Zyuganov

Date Agency ZyuganovChernomyrdinLebedLuzhkovNemtsovPutinPrimakovStepashinYavlinskyYeltsinAgainst allUndecidedWouldn't vote
15 February 1998VCIOM[102] 28%38%22%12%
32%44%15%10%
27%35%25%13%
30 April 1999VCIOM32%45%13%10%
15 February 1998VCIOM29%26%30%14%
24%37%26%13%
24%46%18%11%
26%27%27%13%8%
8 November 1998FOM25%43%
30 April 1999VCIOM25%55%10%9%
34%37%18%11%
15 August 1999VCIOM23%67%6%4%
26%42%26%10%
29%35%29%7%
30 January 2000VCIOM23%71%3%3%
11–14 February 2000VTsIOM24%68%4%4%
10–13 March 2000VTsIOM26%64%6%4%

With Yeltsin

Subnational polls

Moscow

Date Agency PutinZyuganovYavlinskyZhirinovskyGovorukhinAgainst AllUndecided/ no replyWouldn't vote
18 January 2000 FOM[103] 37%5%3%1%4%32%7%
24 January 2000 FOM34%5%5%1%4%28%8%
31 January 2000 FOM33%5%4%0%4%36%8%
7 February 2000 FOM34%6%6%1%6%36%6%
14 February 2000 FOM31%6%6%1%6%37%9%
21 February 2000 FOM36%6%7%1%0%5%33%6%
28 February 2000 FOM35%7%6%1%0%6%36%5%
6 March 2000 FOM35%7%6%1%1%8%33%7%
13 March 2000 FOM34%8%9%1%0%7%34%5%
20 March 2000 FOM33%7%8%1%0%5%36%7%

Notes and References

  1. Web site: Russia votes. 22 August 2023.
  2. Web site: Archived copy . dead . https://web.archive.org/web/20180311140805/https://wciom.ru/zh/print_q.php?s_id=391&q_id=31889&date=15.01.1998 . 2018-03-11 . 2018-03-11.
  3. Web site: Archived copy . dead . https://web.archive.org/web/20180311201806/https://wciom.ru/zh/print_q.php?s_id=392&q_id=31934&date=15.02.1998 . 2018-03-11 . 2018-03-11.
  4. Web site: Archived copy . dead . https://web.archive.org/web/20180312022628/https://wciom.ru/zh/print_q.php?s_id=393&q_id=31992&date=15.03.1998 . 2018-03-12 . 2018-03-11.
  5. Web site: База данных ФОМ > 2000 ГОД: ПРЕДПОЧТЕНИЯ И ПРОГНОЗЫ ИЗБИРАТЕЛЕЙ . bd.fom.ru.
  6. Web site: Archived copy . dead . https://web.archive.org/web/20180311141053/https://wciom.ru/zh/print_q.php?s_id=395&q_id=32080&date=15.05.1998 . 2018-03-11 . 2018-03-11.
  7. Web site: Archived copy . dead . https://web.archive.org/web/20180312083250/https://wciom.ru/zh/print_q.php?s_id=499&q_id=36515&date=15.06.1998 . 2018-03-12 . 2018-03-11.
  8. Web site: Archived copy . dead . https://web.archive.org/web/20180312022552/https://wciom.ru/zh/print_q.php?s_id=397&q_id=32160&date=15.07.1998 . 2018-03-12 . 2018-03-11.
  9. Web site: Archived copy . dead . https://web.archive.org/web/20180312144500/https://wciom.ru/zh/print_q.php?s_id=398&q_id=32206&date=15.08.1998 . 2018-03-12 . 2018-03-12.
  10. Web site: Archived copy . dead . https://web.archive.org/web/20180313031416/https://wciom.ru/zh/print_q.php?s_id=400&q_id=32347&date=15.10.1998 . 2018-03-13 . 2018-03-12.
  11. Web site: Archived copy . dead . https://web.archive.org/web/20180312205223/https://wciom.ru/zh/print_q.php?s_id=401&q_id=32385&date=30.10.1998 . 2018-03-12 . 2018-03-12.
  12. Web site: Archived copy . dead . https://web.archive.org/web/20180312205258/https://wciom.ru/zh/print_q.php?s_id=401&q_id=32386&date=30.10.1998 . 2018-03-12 . 2018-03-12.
  13. Web site: Archived copy . dead . https://web.archive.org/web/20180312205255/https://wciom.ru/zh/print_q.php?s_id=402&q_id=32439&date=15.11.1998 . 2018-03-12 . 2018-03-12.
  14. Web site: Archived copy . dead . https://web.archive.org/web/20180313031439/https://wciom.ru/zh/print_q.php?s_id=402&q_id=32440&date=15.11.1998 . 2018-03-13 . 2018-03-12.
  15. Web site: Archived copy . 2018-03-14 . 2018-03-15 . https://web.archive.org/web/20180315195909/https://wciom.ru/zh/print_q.php?s_id=351&q_id=28417&date=15.02.1999 . dead .
  16. Web site: Archived copy . 2018-03-14 . 2018-03-15 . https://web.archive.org/web/20180315133953/https://wciom.ru/zh/print_q.php?s_id=351&q_id=28418&date=15.02.1999 . dead .
  17. Web site: Archived copy . 2018-03-14 . 2018-03-15 . https://web.archive.org/web/20180315195945/https://wciom.ru/zh/print_q.php?s_id=351&q_id=28422&date=15.02.1999 . dead .
  18. Web site: Archived copy . 2018-03-14 . 2018-03-15 . https://web.archive.org/web/20180315134306/https://wciom.ru/zh/print_q.php?s_id=520&q_id=37402&date=28.02.1999 . dead .
  19. Web site: Archived copy . 2018-03-14 . 2018-03-15 . https://web.archive.org/web/20180315133804/https://wciom.ru/zh/print_q.php?s_id=353&q_id=28578&date=15.03.1999 . dead .
  20. Web site: Archived copy . 2018-03-14 . 2018-03-15 . https://web.archive.org/web/20180315134403/https://wciom.ru/zh/print_q.php?s_id=353&q_id=28580&date=15.03.1999 . dead .
  21. Web site: Archived copy . 2018-03-14 . 2018-03-15 . https://web.archive.org/web/20180315133929/https://wciom.ru/zh/print_q.php?s_id=354&q_id=28685&date=30.03.1999 . dead .
  22. Web site: Archived copy . 2018-03-14 . 2018-03-15 . https://web.archive.org/web/20180315195911/https://wciom.ru/zh/print_q.php?s_id=355&q_id=28735&date=15.04.1999 . dead .
  23. Web site: Archived copy . 2018-03-14 . 2018-03-15 . https://web.archive.org/web/20180315134022/https://wciom.ru/zh/print_q.php?s_id=356&q_id=28844&date=30.04.1999 . dead .
  24. Web site: База данных ФОМ > ЕСЛИ БЫ ВЫБОРЫ ПРЕЗИДЕНТА ПРОХОДИЛИ В БЛИЖАЙШЕЕ ВОСКРЕСЕНЬЕ, ТО ЗА КОГО ИЗ КАНДИДАТОВ ВЫ БЫ ПРОГОЛОСОВАЛИ?. bd.fom.ru.
  25. Web site: RUSSIAN ELECTION WATCH No. 2, September 1999 . . September 1999. www.belfercenter.org . Harvard University (John F. Kennedy School of Government). October 29, 2018.
  26. Web site: Archived copy . 2018-03-14 . 2018-03-15 . https://web.archive.org/web/20180315133825/https://wciom.ru/zh/print_q.php?s_id=380&q_id=30757&date=15.06.1999 . dead .
  27. Web site: Archived copy . 2018-03-14 . 2018-03-15 . https://web.archive.org/web/20180315134341/https://wciom.ru/zh/print_q.php?s_id=383&q_id=31145&date=30.06.1999 . dead .
  28. Web site: Archived copy . 2018-03-15 . 2018-03-16 . https://web.archive.org/web/20180316084859/https://wciom.ru/zh/print_q.php?s_id=383&q_id=31130&date=30.06.1999 . dead .
  29. Web site: Archived copy . 2018-03-15 . 2018-03-16 . https://web.archive.org/web/20180316084839/https://wciom.ru/zh/print_q.php?s_id=381&q_id=30924&date=15.07.1999 . dead .
  30. Web site: Archived copy . 2018-03-15 . 2018-03-16 . https://web.archive.org/web/20180316084855/https://wciom.ru/zh/print_q.php?s_id=381&q_id=30939&date=15.07.1999 . dead .
  31. Web site: Archived copy . 2018-03-15 . 2018-03-16 . https://web.archive.org/web/20180316151724/https://wciom.ru/zh/print_q.php?s_id=382&q_id=31048&date=30.07.1999 . dead .
  32. Web site: Archived copy . 2018-03-15 . 2018-03-16 . https://web.archive.org/web/20180316084849/https://wciom.ru/zh/print_q.php?s_id=382&q_id=31063&date=30.07.1999 . dead .
  33. Web site: Archived copy . 2018-03-15 . 2018-03-16 . https://web.archive.org/web/20180316084847/https://wciom.ru/zh/print_q.php?s_id=384&q_id=31238&date=15.08.1999 . dead .
  34. Web site: Archived copy . 2018-03-15 . 2018-03-16 . https://web.archive.org/web/20180316151906/https://wciom.ru/zh/print_q.php?s_id=384&q_id=31253&date=15.08.1999 . dead .
  35. Web site: База данных ФОМ > Индикаторы. bd.fom.ru.
  36. Web site: RUSSIAN ELECTION WATCH No. 3, October 1999 . . October 1999. www.belfercenter.org . Harvard University (John F. Kennedy School of Government). October 29, 2018.
  37. Web site: Russia Presidential Pre-Election Assessment Report. 20 March 2000. iri.org. 22 August 2023.
  38. Web site: База данных ФОМ > Индикаторы. bd.fom.ru.
  39. Web site: Archived copy . 2018-03-15 . 2018-03-16 . https://web.archive.org/web/20180316084831/https://wciom.ru/zh/print_q.php?s_id=386&q_id=31367&date=30.08.1999 . dead .
  40. Web site: Archived copy . 2018-03-15 . 2018-03-16 . https://web.archive.org/web/20180316084819/https://wciom.ru/zh/print_q.php?s_id=386&q_id=31372&date=30.08.1999 . dead .
  41. Web site: База данных ФОМ > Индикаторы. bd.fom.ru.
  42. Web site: База данных ФОМ > Индикаторы. bd.fom.ru.
  43. Web site: Archived copy . 2018-03-16 . 2018-03-16 . https://web.archive.org/web/20180316151820/https://wciom.ru/zh/print_q.php?s_id=387&q_id=31491&date=15.09.1999 . dead .
  44. Web site: База данных ФОМ > Индикаторы. bd.fom.ru.
  45. Web site: RUSSIAN ELECTION WATCH No. 4, November 1999 . . November 1999. www.belfercenter.org . Harvard University (John F. Kennedy School of Government). October 29, 2018.
  46. Web site: База данных ФОМ > Индикаторы. bd.fom.ru.
  47. Web site: Archived copy . 2018-03-16 . 2018-03-16 . https://web.archive.org/web/20180316151844/https://wciom.ru/zh/print_q.php?s_id=388&q_id=31581&date=30.10.1999 . dead .
  48. Web site: Archived copy . 2018-03-16 . 2018-03-16 . https://web.archive.org/web/20180316151826/https://wciom.ru/zh/print_q.php?s_id=388&q_id=31586&date=30.10.1999 . dead .
  49. Web site: База данных ФОМ > Индикаторы. bd.fom.ru.
  50. Web site: Archived copy . 2018-03-16 . 2018-03-16 . https://web.archive.org/web/20180316084857/https://wciom.ru/zh/print_q.php?s_id=389&q_id=31697&date=15.11.1999 . dead .
  51. Web site: Archived copy . 2018-03-16 . 2018-03-16 . https://web.archive.org/web/20180316151701/https://wciom.ru/zh/print_q.php?s_id=389&q_id=31702&date=15.11.1999 . dead .
  52. Web site: RUSSIAN ELECTION WATCH No. 5, December 1999 . . December 1999. www.belfercenter.org . Harvard University (John F. Kennedy School of Government). October 29, 2018.
  53. Web site: RUSSIAN ELECTION WATCH No. 6, January 2000 . . January 2000. www.belfercenter.org . Harvard University (John F. Kennedy School of Government). October 29, 2018.
  54. Web site: База данных ФОМ > ЕСЛИ БЫ ОЧЕРЕДНЫЕ ПРЕЗИДЕНТСКИЕ ВЫБОРЫ ПРОВОДИЛИСЬ В БЛИЖАЙШЕЕ ВОСКРЕСЕНЬЕ, ТО ЗА КОГО ИЗ ПЕРЕЧИСЛЕННЫХ КАНДИДАТОВ ВЫ БЫ ПРОГОЛОСОВАЛИ?. bd.fom.ru.
  55. Web site: Archived copy . 2018-03-16 . 2018-03-16 . https://web.archive.org/web/20180316084848/https://wciom.ru/zh/print_q.php?s_id=390&q_id=31823&date=30.12.1999 . dead .
  56. Web site: Archived copy . 2018-03-16 . 2018-03-16 . https://web.archive.org/web/20180316084845/https://wciom.ru/zh/print_q.php?s_id=390&q_id=31828&date=30.12.1999 . dead .
  57. Web site: Госдума; президент Путин. 15 February 2000. 22 August 2023.
  58. Web site: Выборы президента России. 14 March 2000. 22 August 2023.
  59. Web site: RUSSIAN ELECTION WATCH No. 7, February 2000 . . February 2000. www.belfercenter.org . Harvard University (John F. Kennedy School of Government). October 29, 2018.
  60. Web site: Archived copy . 2018-03-16 . 2018-03-16 . https://web.archive.org/web/20180316151932/https://wciom.ru/zh/print_q.php?s_id=349&q_id=28232&date=30.01.2000 . dead .
  61. Web site: Archived copy . 2018-03-16 . 2018-03-16 . https://web.archive.org/web/20180316084853/https://wciom.ru/zh/print_q.php?s_id=349&q_id=28224&date=30.01.2000 . dead .
  62. Web site: Archived copy . 2018-03-16 . 2018-03-16 . https://web.archive.org/web/20180316084758/https://wciom.ru/zh/print_q.php?s_id=349&q_id=28239&date=30.01.2000 . dead .
  63. Web site: Владимир Путин; Чечня; разное. 23 February 2000. 22 August 2023.
  64. Web site: Рейтинги; разное. 29 February 2000. 22 August 2023.
  65. Web site: Archived copy . 2018-03-11 . 2018-03-11 . https://web.archive.org/web/20180311141058/https://wciom.ru/zh/print_q.php?s_id=392&q_id=31940&date=15.02.1998 . dead .
  66. Web site: Archived copy . 2018-03-14 . 2018-03-15 . https://web.archive.org/web/20180315133459/https://wciom.ru/zh/print_q.php?s_id=380&q_id=30730&date=15.06.1999 . dead .
  67. Web site: Archived copy . 2018-03-14 . 2018-03-15 . https://web.archive.org/web/20180315134008/https://wciom.ru/zh/print_q.php?s_id=380&q_id=30721&date=15.06.1999 . dead .
  68. Web site: Archived copy . 2018-03-11 . 2018-03-11 . https://web.archive.org/web/20180311141616/https://wciom.ru/zh/print_q.php?s_id=392&q_id=31937&date=15.02.1998 . dead .
  69. Web site: Archived copy . 2018-03-15 . 2018-03-16 . https://web.archive.org/web/20180316084844/https://wciom.ru/zh/print_q.php?s_id=384&q_id=31247&date=15.08.1999 . dead .
  70. Web site: Archived copy . 2018-03-11 . 2018-03-11 . https://web.archive.org/web/20180311140930/https://wciom.ru/zh/print_q.php?s_id=392&q_id=31938&date=15.02.1998 . dead .
  71. Web site: Archived copy . 2018-03-14 . 2018-03-15 . https://web.archive.org/web/20180315134239/https://wciom.ru/zh/print_q.php?s_id=356&q_id=28853&date=30.04.1999 . dead .
  72. Web site: Archived copy . 2018-03-14 . 2018-03-15 . https://web.archive.org/web/20180315134237/https://wciom.ru/zh/print_q.php?s_id=356&q_id=28854&date=30.04.1999 . dead .
  73. Web site: Archived copy . 2018-03-14 . 2018-03-15 . https://web.archive.org/web/20180315133801/https://wciom.ru/zh/print_q.php?s_id=356&q_id=28849&date=30.04.1999 . dead .
  74. Web site: Archived copy . 2018-03-14 . 2018-03-15 . https://web.archive.org/web/20180315133504/https://wciom.ru/zh/print_q.php?s_id=356&q_id=28855&date=30.04.1999 . dead .
  75. Web site: Archived copy . 2018-03-14 . 2018-03-15 . https://web.archive.org/web/20180315133743/https://wciom.ru/zh/print_q.php?s_id=380&q_id=30722&date=15.06.1999 . dead .
  76. Web site: Archived copy . 2018-03-14 . 2018-03-15 . https://web.archive.org/web/20180315134235/https://wciom.ru/zh/print_q.php?s_id=380&q_id=30723&date=15.06.1999 . dead .
  77. Web site: Archived copy . 2018-03-14 . 2018-03-15 . https://web.archive.org/web/20180315134232/https://wciom.ru/zh/print_q.php?s_id=380&q_id=30724&date=15.06.1999 . dead .
  78. Web site: Archived copy . 2018-03-14 . 2018-03-15 . https://web.archive.org/web/20180315133746/https://wciom.ru/zh/print_q.php?s_id=380&q_id=30725&date=15.06.1999 . dead .
  79. Web site: Archived copy . 2018-03-15 . 2018-03-16 . https://web.archive.org/web/20180316151823/https://wciom.ru/zh/print_q.php?s_id=384&q_id=31248&date=15.08.1999 . dead .
  80. Web site: Archived copy . 2018-03-11 . 2018-03-11 . https://web.archive.org/web/20180311141648/https://wciom.ru/zh/print_q.php?s_id=392&q_id=31939&date=15.02.1998 . dead .
  81. Web site: Archived copy . 2018-03-14 . 2018-03-15 . https://web.archive.org/web/20180315133950/https://wciom.ru/zh/print_q.php?s_id=356&q_id=28856&date=30.04.1999 . dead .
  82. Web site: Archived copy . 2018-03-14 . 2018-03-15 . https://web.archive.org/web/20180315195907/https://wciom.ru/zh/print_q.php?s_id=356&q_id=28857&date=30.04.1999 . dead .
  83. Web site: Archived copy . 2018-03-14 . 2018-03-15 . https://web.archive.org/web/20180315195904/https://wciom.ru/zh/print_q.php?s_id=356&q_id=28850&date=30.04.1999 . dead .
  84. Web site: Archived copy . 2018-03-15 . 2018-03-16 . https://web.archive.org/web/20180316084846/https://wciom.ru/zh/print_q.php?s_id=384&q_id=31249&date=15.08.1999 . dead .
  85. Web site: Archived copy . 2018-03-15 . 2018-03-16 . https://web.archive.org/web/20180316151703/https://wciom.ru/zh/print_q.php?s_id=384&q_id=31250&date=15.08.1999 . dead .
  86. Web site: Archived copy . 2018-03-15 . 2018-03-16 . https://web.archive.org/web/20180316084824/https://wciom.ru/zh/print_q.php?s_id=384&q_id=31243&date=15.08.1999 . dead .
  87. Web site: Archived copy . 2018-03-16 . 2018-03-16 . https://web.archive.org/web/20180316084800/https://wciom.ru/zh/print_q.php?s_id=349&q_id=28237&date=30.01.2000 . dead .
  88. Web site: Archived copy . 2018-03-14 . 2018-03-15 . https://web.archive.org/web/20180315134005/https://wciom.ru/zh/print_q.php?s_id=380&q_id=30726&date=15.06.1999 . dead .
  89. Web site: Archived copy . 2018-03-14 . 2018-03-15 . https://web.archive.org/web/20180315134331/https://wciom.ru/zh/print_q.php?s_id=380&q_id=30727&date=15.06.1999 . dead .
  90. Web site: Archived copy . 2018-03-14 . 2018-03-15 . https://web.archive.org/web/20180315134010/https://wciom.ru/zh/print_q.php?s_id=380&q_id=30728&date=15.06.1999 . dead .
  91. Web site: Archived copy . 2018-03-15 . 2018-03-16 . https://web.archive.org/web/20180316084843/https://wciom.ru/zh/print_q.php?s_id=384&q_id=31252&date=15.08.1999 . dead .
  92. Web site: Archived copy . 2018-03-15 . 2018-03-16 . https://web.archive.org/web/20180316084808/https://wciom.ru/zh/print_q.php?s_id=384&q_id=31251&date=15.08.1999 . dead .
  93. Web site: Archived copy . 2018-03-15 . 2018-03-16 . https://web.archive.org/web/20180316151842/https://wciom.ru/zh/print_q.php?s_id=384&q_id=31246&date=15.08.1999 . dead .
  94. Web site: Archived copy . 2018-03-15 . 2018-03-16 . https://web.archive.org/web/20180316084821/https://wciom.ru/zh/print_q.php?s_id=384&q_id=31244&date=15.08.1999 . dead .
  95. Web site: Archived copy . 2018-03-16 . 2018-03-16 . https://web.archive.org/web/20180316084902/https://wciom.ru/zh/print_q.php?s_id=349&q_id=28238&date=30.01.2000 . dead .
  96. Web site: Archived copy . 2018-03-14 . 2018-03-15 . https://web.archive.org/web/20180315133955/https://wciom.ru/zh/print_q.php?s_id=356&q_id=28851&date=30.04.1999 . dead .
  97. Web site: Archived copy . 2018-03-14 . 2018-03-15 . https://web.archive.org/web/20180315133948/https://wciom.ru/zh/print_q.php?s_id=356&q_id=28858&date=30.04.1999 . dead .
  98. Web site: Archived copy . 2018-03-14 . 2018-03-15 . https://web.archive.org/web/20180315134328/https://wciom.ru/zh/print_q.php?s_id=380&q_id=30729&date=15.06.1999 . dead .
  99. Web site: Archived copy . 2018-03-11 . 2018-03-11 . https://web.archive.org/web/20180311141541/https://wciom.ru/zh/print_q.php?s_id=392&q_id=31941&date=15.02.1998 . dead .
  100. Web site: Archived copy . 2018-03-14 . 2018-03-15 . https://web.archive.org/web/20180315133501/https://wciom.ru/zh/print_q.php?s_id=356&q_id=28852&date=30.04.1999 . dead .
  101. Web site: Archived copy . 2018-03-15 . 2018-03-16 . https://web.archive.org/web/20180316084851/https://wciom.ru/zh/print_q.php?s_id=384&q_id=31245&date=15.08.1999 . dead .
  102. Web site: Archived copy . 2018-03-11 . 2018-03-11 . https://web.archive.org/web/20180311140932/https://wciom.ru/zh/print_q.php?s_id=392&q_id=31936&date=15.02.1998 . dead .
  103. Web site: База данных ФОМ > ЕСЛИ БЫ ПРЕЗИДЕНТСКИЕ ВЫБОРЫ ПРОВОДИЛИСЬ В БЛИЖАЙШЕЕ ВОСКРЕСЕНЬЕ, ТО ЗА КОГО БЫ ВЫ ПРОГОЛОСОВАЛИ?. bd.fom.ru.