Opinion polling for the 2022 Philippine presidential election explained

This article covers opinion polling for the 2022 Philippine presidential and vice presidential elections. Opinion polling in Philippines is conducted by Social Weather Stations (SWS), Pulse Asia, RP- Mission and Development Foundation Inc. (RPMD), OCTA Research, and other pollsters. Poll results are listed in the table below in reverse chronological order. The front-runner is in bold. Those that are within the margin of error are in italics.

Calendar

• Filing of candidacies: October 1 to 8, 2021
• Deadline in substituting a candidate for it to appear on the ballot: November 15, 2021
• Campaign period for nationally elected positions: February 8 to May 7, 2022
• Campaign period for locally elected positions: March 25 to May 7, 2022
• Election day: May 9, 2022

Polling for president

From the start of the campaign period to Election Day

Fieldwork date(s)	Pollster	Sample size	MoE	Abella Ind.	De Guzman PLM	Gonzales PDSP	Lacson Ind.	Mangondato Katipunan	Marcos PFP	Montemayor DPP	Moreno Aksyon	Pacquiao PROMDI	Robredo Ind.	Others	/ None
May 9	Election results			0.21	0.17	0.17	1.66	0.56	58.77	0.11	3.59	6.81	27.94
data-sort-value="2022-05-09"	Exit poll	Publicus Asia^[1]			—	—	—	3	—	58	—	6	7	25	1	—	—
data-sort-value="2022-05-5"	May 2–5	Publicus Asia^[2]		±3.0%	1	2	1	4	—	54	—	8	2	22	0	6 / 0	—
data-sort-value="2022-04-30"	Apr 22–30	Mobilis–TruthWatch^[3] ^[4]		±2%	—	—	—	2	—	55	—	3	5	32	1	—	—
data-sort-value="2021-04-25"	Apr 22–25	OCTA^[5] ^[6]		±2%	—	0.2	0.2	2	1	58	—	8	5	25	—	0.1 / 0.04	0.3
data-sort-value="2022-04-21"	Apr 19–21	Publicus Asia^[7]		±3.0%	1	2	0	4	—	57	—	6	2	21	0	6 / 0	—
data-sort-value="2022-04-21"	Apr 16–21	Pulse Asia^[8]		±2.0%	1	0.3	0.1	2	1	56	0.1	4	7	23	—	— / 1	5
data-sort-value="2022-04-20"	Apr 14–20	Laylo^[9] ^[10]		±2.0%	—	—	—	2	—	64	—	5	5	21	0.4	3 / —	—
data-sort-value="2022-04-19"	Apr 18–19	MBC–DZRH^[11]		±1.13%	0.1	0.2	0.1	3.6	0.6	52.9	0.3	8.2	5.8	24.3	—	3.9 / —	—
data-sort-value="2022-04-15"	Apr 4–15	^[12]		±3.0%	0.375	1	0.125	5	0.375	55	0.125	11.75	6.5	18.5	—	1.25 / —	—
data-sort-value="2021-04-06"	Apr 2–6	OCTA^[13]		±3%	1	0.1	0.001	4	0.1	57	—	9	7	22	—	0.5 / 0.008	—
data-sort-value="2022-03-22"		Publicus Asia^[14]		±3.0%	1	0	0	4	—	56	—	9	2	23	0	5 / 1	—
data-sort-value="2021-04-04"	Apr 1–4	RMN–APCORE^[15]	2,400	±2.0%	—	—	—	1.8	—	59	—	8.3	4.2	20.7	<1	5.5 / —	—
April 3				Second COMELEC presidential debate
March 24				Lacson resigns from Partido Reporma; Reporma switches endorsement from Lacson to Robredo
data-sort-value="2022-04-01"	Mar 22–Apr 1	Mobilis–TruthWatch^[16]		±3%	—	—	—	2	—	52	—	10	4	30	—	2 / —	—
data-sort-value="2022-03-22"	Mar 15–22	Laylo^[17]		±2.0%	—	—	—	2	—	61	—	9	6	19	—	2 / —	—
data-sort-value="2022-03-22"	Mar 15–22	^[18]		±1.0%	—	—	—	7	—	53	—	9	2	28	—	1 / —	—
March 21				PDP–Laban endorses Marcos
data-sort-value="2022-03-21"	Mar 17–21	Pulse Asia^[19]		±2.0%	0.1	0.02	0	2	1	56	0.05	8	6	24	—	1 / 1	0.5
March 19				First COMELEC presidential debate
data-sort-value="2021-03-17"	Mar 9–14	Publicus Asia^[20]		±3.0%	0.5	0.7	0.3	4.2	—	55.1	—	8.2	1.8	21	0.1	7.9 / 0.3	—
data-sort-value="2022-03-24"	Mar 7–13	^[21]		±3.0%	0.5	1	0.25	7.75	0.25	51.25	0.25	10.25	4.5	20.75	—	3.25 / —	—
data-sort-value="2022-03-15"	Mar 12	MBC–DZRH^[22]		±1.13%	0.2	0.5	0.2	4.7	1.2	49.8	0.3	9.8	8	21.4	—	3.9 / —	—
data-sort-value="2022-03-21"	Mar 2–5	RMN–APCORE^[23]		±2.0%	—	—	—	3	—	55	—	12	5	18	2	6 / —	—
February 27				CNN Philippines presidential debate
data-sort-value="2022-02-28"	Feb 22–28	^[24]		±1.0%	—	—	—	4	—	53	—	11	5	25	—	2 / —	—
data-sort-value="2021-02-23"	Feb 18–23	Pulse Asia^[25]		±2.0%	0	0.1	0	2	0.4	60	0.01	10	8	15	—	3 / 1	0.4
Feb 14–21	Laylo^[26]		±2.0%	—	—	—	3	—	63	—	7	7	17	—	3 / —	—
data-sort-value="2021-02-28"	Feb 12–17	OCTA^[27]		±3.0%	—	—	—	3	—	55	—	11	10	15	—	5 / 0.3	1
data-sort-value="2021-02-21"	Feb 11–16	Publicus Asia^[28]		±2.6%	0.5	0.7	—	3.3	—	52.3	—	8.9	2.7	22.3	0.1	8.9 / 0.5	—
February 15				SMNI presidential debate
data-sort-value="2021-02-26"	Feb 9–15	^[29]		±3.0%	0.25	1.13	—	8.75	0.13	53	0.25	11.25	6	16.75	—	2.5 / —	—

From the end of candidacy filing to the start of the campaign period

Fieldwork date(s)	Pollster	Sample size	MoE	Abella Ind.	De Guzman PLM	Gonzales PDSP	Lacson Reporma	Mangondato Katipunan	Marcos PFP	Montemayor DPP	Moreno Aksyon	Pacquiao PROMDI	Robredo Ind.	Others	/ None
2022
Jan 28–31	SWS^[30] ^[31]	1,200	±3.0%	0.04	0.3	0	6	0.04	50	0.1	11	11	19	—	3 / —	—
data-sort-value="2022-02-13"	Jan 26–30	RMN–APCORE^[32]		±2.0%	0.3	0.2	0.2	3	—	57	—	12	4	17	—	6 / —	—
Jan 22–30	^[33]		±1.0%	0.34	—	—	8	—	45.02	—	16.25	9.71	20.06	—	—	—
Jan 10–26	Laylo^[34]		±0.8%	—	—	—	3	—	64	—	6	6	16	—	—	—
Jan 19–24	Pulse Asia^[35]		±2.0%	0.05	0.02	0	4	0.3	60	0	8	8	16	—	2 / 1	1
Jan 17–23	Laylo^[36]		±2%	—	—	—	4	—	64	—	7	7	16	—	3 / —	—
data-sort-value="2022-01-30"	Jan 10–16	^[37] ^[38]		±3%	0.25	1	0.25	8	—	51	—	14	10	11	—	3.5	—
2021
data-sort-value="2021-12-16"	Dec 11–12	MBC–DZRH^[39]		±1.13%	—	0.3	—	4.9	—	49.2	—	10.4	8.2	16.2	6.3	4.5 / —	—
data-sort-value="2021-12-26"	Dec 7–12	OCTA^[40]		±3.0%	0.02	0.001	—	5	—	54	—	12	10	14	—	1 / 4	0.1
data-sort-value="2021-12-17"	Dec 6–12	^[41]	1,200	±3.0%	0.25	2	0.25	13	—	43	—	11	16	12	1	1.5 / —	—
data-sort-value="2021-12-13"	Dec 6–10	Publicus Asia^[42]		±2.6%	0.5	—	—	3.4	—	51.9	—	7.9	2.3	20.2	3.9	8.3 / 0.9	—
data-sort-value="2021-12-22"	Dec 1–6	Pulse Asia^[43]		±2.0%	—	0.004	0	6	—	53	—	8	8	20	0.01	3 / 1	1
November 30				Bong Go announces his withdrawal from the presidential election.
data-sort-value="2021-12-17"	Nov 23–29	RMN–APCORE^[44]		±3.0%	0.17	0.17	0.08	3	—	55	—	13	4	13	8	4 / —	—
data-sort-value="2021-11-24"	Nov 16–24	^[45]	10,000	±2.0%	0.1	—	—	6.35	—	23.94	—	21.75	15.94	15.1	14.25	2.56
data-sort-value="2021-11-20"	Nov 16–20	^[46]	1,200	±3.0%	0.25	0.875	0.125	12	—	36.5	—	10.75	16.75	13	8.25	1.5 / —	—
November 9–15				Ronald dela Rosa withdraws; Bong Go substitutes for Grepor Belgica for president.
data-sort-value="2021-11-18"	Nov 16–18	Publicus Asia^[47]	1,500	±2.6%	0.4	0.3	—	2.9	—	56.7	—	6.9	3.0	15.4	4.3	8.8 / 1.5	—
data-sort-value="2021-10-26"	Oct 17–26	^[48] ^[49] ^[50]		±2.0%	0.81	—	—	7.08	—	23.10	—	25.39	17.88	18.31	3.41	4.02
data-sort-value="2021-10-23"	Oct 20–23	SWS^[51]		±3.0%	—	—	—	5	—	47	—	13	9	18	5	3 / —	—
data-sort-value="2021-10-18"	Oct 11–18	Publicus Asia^[52]		±2.6%	0.6	—	—	2.9	—	49.3	—	8.8	2.8	21.3	4	8.6 / 1.7	—
data-sort-value="2021-10-08"		^[53]		±2.5%	—	3.25	1.25	12.5	—	23.5	—	18	19.75	14	7.75	—	—

Until candidacy filing ended in October 2021

Fieldwork date(s)	Pollster	Sample size	MoE																	Others	/
2021
October 1–8				Filing of certificates of candidacies Manny Pacquiao submits his presidential candidacy under the PROMDI banner. Bongbong Marcos resigns from the Nacionalista Party and swears in as chairperson of PFP. Leni Robredo submits her presidential candidacy as an independent. Sara Duterte files her candidacy for mayor of Davao City.
data-sort-value="2021-09-11"	Sep 6–11	Pulse Asia^[54] ^[55] ^[56]	2,400	±2.0%	—	0.1	—	—	4	20	3	—	6	15	13	12	9	8	0.1	1	0.3	7
data-sort-value="2021-07-31"	Jul 24–31	MBC–DZRH^[57]	7,500	±1.13%	—	—	2.8	—	2.1	25.4	3.5	1	3.3	17.7	11.2	10	10	8.3	—	1.6	—	2.8
data-sort-value="2021-07-19"	Jul 13–19	Publicus Asia^[58]	1,500	±2.6%	—	—	0.3	0.2	0.8	20.8	3.3	0.8	2.9	17.8	11.3	3.6	5.1	13.2	1	—	4.3	11.8
data-sort-value="2021-07-18"	Jul 12–18	OCTA^[59] ^[60]	1,200	±3.0%	—	—	2	0	5	28	4	1	2	13	11	10	10	5	—	1	3	6
data-sort-value="2021-07-16"	Jun 7–16	Pulse Asia^[61] ^[62]	2,400	±2.0%	0.1	—	2	0.3	2	28	3	0.3	4	13	14	8	10	6	0.1	2	0.1	8
data-sort-value="2021-03-03"	Feb 22 – Mar 3	Pulse Asia^[63] ^[64] ^[65]	2,400	±2.0%	—	—	3	0.2	2	27	5	1	2	13	12	11	12	7	0.3	—	0.1	4
data-sort-value="2021-02-01"	Jan 26 – Feb 1	OCTA^[66]	1,200	±3.0%	—	—	—	—	—	22	—	—	—	12	11	12	13	5	—	—	—	—
2020
data-sort-value="2020-12-02"	Nov 23 – Dec 2	Pulse Asia^[67] ^[68]	2,400	±2.0%	—	—	—	0.1	3	26	4	0.2	4	14	12	10	14	8	—	—	1	4

Polling for vice president

From the start of the campaign period to Election Day

Fieldwork date(s)	Pollster	Sample size	MoE	Atienza PROMDI	Bello PLM	David DPP	Duterte Lakas	Lopez WPP	Ong Aksyon	Pangilinan LP	Serapio Katipunan	Sotto NPC	Others	/ None
May 9	Election results			0.52	0.19	0.11	61.53	0.31	3.59	17.82	0.17	15.76
data-sort-value="2022-05-09"	Exit poll	Publicus Asia			—	—	—	67	—	4	16	—	11	2	—	—
data-sort-value="2022-04-25"	May 2–5	Publicus Asia		±3.0%	1	1	—	59	—	9	16	—	9	0	4 / 1	—
data-sort-value="2022-04-30"	Apr 22–30	Mobilis–TruthWatch		±2%	1	—	—	55	—	4	13	—	24	3	—	—
data-sort-value="2021-04-25"	Apr 22–25	OCTA		±2.0%	1	0.03	—	56	0.1	4	16	0.001	22	—	0.5 / 0.7	0.1
data-sort-value="2022-04-25"	Apr 19–21	Publicus Asia		±3.0%	1	1	—	59	—	8	15	—	9	—	6 / 1	—
data-sort-value="2022-04-21"	Apr 16–21	Pulse Asia		±2.0%	0.5	0.4	0.1	55	1	3	16	0.3	18	—	— / 1	5
data-sort-value="2022-04-20"	Apr 14–20	Laylo		±2.0%	1	—	—	62	—	4	12	—	18	0.4	3 / —	—
data-sort-value="2021-04-22"	Apr 18–19	MBC–DZRH^[69]		±1.13%	1.1	0.2	0.2	54.2	0.4	6.6	15.1	0.5	16.9	—	4.8 / —	—
data-sort-value="2022-04-15"	Apr 4–15			±3.0%	2	0.375	0.5	50.5	0	9	8	0.125	27.5	—	2 / —	—
data-sort-value="2021-04-06"	Apr 2–6	OCTA		±3.0%	0.7	0.1	0.02	57	0.1	7	12	0	23	—	0.4 / 0.001	0
data-sort-value="2022-04-05"		Publicus Asia		±3.0%	1	1	—	58	—	9	15	—	11	—	6 / 1	—
data-sort-value="2021-04-04"	Apr 1–4	RMN–APCORE	2,400	±2.0%	1	—	—	57.3	—	4.8	12.8	—	17.4	—	6 / —	—
data-sort-value="2022-04-01"	Mar 22–Apr 1	Mobilis–TruthWatch		±3%	1	—	—	50	—	6	18	—	21	—	4 / —	—
data-sort-value="2021-03-30"	Mar 15–22	Laylo^[70]		±2.0%	2	—	—	60	—	7	12	—	17	—	2 / —	—
data-sort-value="2022-03-22"	Mar 15–22	^[71]		±1.0%	1	—	—	54	—	2	7	—	35	—	—	—
data-sort-value="2022-03-21"	Mar 17–21	Pulse Asia		±2.0%	1	0.1	0.01	56	0.3	5	15	0.01	20	—	2 / 1	0.4
March 20				COMELEC vice presidential debate
data-sort-value="2021-03-17"	Mar 9–14	Publicus Asia		±3.0%	0.7	0.9	—	56.5	—	10.6	12.8	—	9.9	0.3	7.7 / 0.5	—
data-sort-value="2022-03-24"	Mar 7–13			±3.0%	2.5	0.5	1	48.75	0.25	10.75	8	0.25	25.25	—	2.75 / —	—
data-sort-value="2022-03-15"	Mar 12	MBC–DZRH^[72]		±1.13%	1.2	0.3	0.5	51.8	0.5	7.7	14.2	0.7	17.9	—	5.1 / —	—
data-sort-value="2022-03-21"	Mar 2–5	RMN–APCORE^[73]		±2.0%	1	—	—	53	—	6	12	—	19	2	7 / —	—
February 26				CNN Philippines vice presidential debate
data-sort-value="2022-02-28"	Feb 22–28			±1.0%	1	—	—	58	—	4	7	—	29	—	1 / —	—
data-sort-value="2021-02-23"	Feb 18–23	Pulse Asia		±2.0%	1	0.1	0	53	0.1	6	11	0.01	24	—	3 / 1	0.1
data-sort-value="2021-03-04"	Feb 14–21	Laylo^[74]		±2.0%	3	—	—	60	—	4	11	—	19	—	3 / —	—
data-sort-value="2021-02-28"	Feb 12–17	OCTA		±3.0%	1	0	0	43	0	7	10	0.1	33	—	4 / 1	2
data-sort-value="2021-02-21"	Feb 11–16	Publicus Asia		±3.0%	1.3	0.2	—	53.5	—	12.6	13.7	—	9.2	0.1	8.6 / 0.8	—
data-sort-value="2021-02-26"	Feb 9–15			±3.0%	2	0.5	—	54	—	11	4	—	25	—	3.5 / —	—

From the end of candidacy filing to the start of the campaign period

Fieldwork date(s)	Pollster	Sample size	MoE	Atienza PROMDI	Bello PLM	David DPP	Duterte Lakas	Lopez WPP	Ong Aksyon	Pangilinan LP	Serapio Katipunan	Sotto NPC	Others	/ None
2022
Jan 28–31	SWS^[75]		±3.0%	2	0.3	0.4	44	1	7	10	0.2	33	—	3 / —	—
data-sort-value="2022-02-13"	Jan 26–30	RMN–APCORE^[76]		±2.0%	1.9	0.1	—	45.3	—	7.6	9.9	—	26	—	5 / —	—
Jan 22–30			±1.0%	1.62	—	—	52.05	—	3.60	6.22	—	35.95	—	—	—
data-sort-value="2022-02-13"	Jan 10–26	Laylo^[77]		±0.8%	1	—	—	60	—	5	9	—	19	1	4 / —	—
Jan 19–24	Pulse Asia		±2.0%	1	0.02	0.02	50	0.1	5	11	0.1	29	—	1 / 1	1
January 21				The Cusi faction of PDP–Laban endorses Duterte
data-sort-value="2022-01-30"	Jan 10–16			±3.0%	3	1.5	—	54	—	6	9	—	25	—	2.5 / —	—
2021
data-sort-value="2021-12-16"	Dec 11–12	MBC–DZRH^[78]		±1.13%	2.2	0.9	—	50.5	—	8.4	10.2	—	20.7	—	7.2 / —	—
data-sort-value="2021-12-26"	Dec 7–12	OCTA		±3.0%	1	0.07	—	50	—	4	9	—	33	—	2 / 1	0
data-sort-value="2021-12-17"	Dec 6–12		1,200	±3.0%	5	1	—	36	—	4	8	—	44	—	2 / —	—
data-sort-value="2021-12-13"	Dec 6–10	Publicus Asia		±2.6%	1.5	0.7	—	54.8	—	11.2	9.7	—	11	0.1	9.5 / 1.5	—
data-sort-value="2021-12-22"	Dec 1–6	Pulse Asia		±2.0%	1	0.01	—	45	—	6	12	—	31	—	3 / 2	1
data-sort-value="2021-12-17"	Nov 23–29	RMN–APCORE^[79]		±3.0%	2	0.08	—	48	—	9	11	—	25	—	5 / —	—
data-sort-value="2021-11-24"	Nov 16–24	^[80]		±2.0%	2.11	—	—	44.88	—	6.96	11.34	—	33.2	—	1.5
data-sort-value="2021-11-20"	Nov 16–20			±3.0%	3	1	—	30	—	10	11	—	43	—	2 / —	—
data-sort-value="2021-11-18"	Nov 16–18	Publicus Asia		±2.6%	1.3	0.4	—	54.4	—	8.9	9	—	10.1	0.3	13.7 / 1.9	—
November 9–13				Sara Duterte resigns from HNP; swears in as chairperson of Lakas, substitutes Lyle Fernando Uy to run for vice president.
data-sort-value="2021-10-26"	Oct 17–26			±2.0%	2.15	—	—	33.11	—	8.94	11.13	—	26.87	14.92	2.88
data-sort-value="2021-10-23"	Oct 20–23	SWS		±3.0%	3	—	—	25	—	13	13	—	44	—	2 / —	—
data-sort-value="2021-10-18"	Oct 11–18	Publicus Asia		±2.6%	2.6	—	—	—	—	19	12.3	—	17.3	25.6	16.9 / 6.3	—
data-sort-value="2021-10-08"				±2.5%	8.5	—	—	—	—	8	18	—	44	21.5	—	—

Until candidacy filing ended in October 2021

Fieldwork date(s)	Pollster	Sample size	Margin of error																		Others	/
2021
data-sort-value="2021-09-11"	Sep 6–11	Pulse Asia^[81]	2,400	±2.0%	—	2	6	1	14	—	—	7	12	12	7	—	4	25	0.5	2	2	0.1	5
data-sort-value="2021-07-31"	Jul 24–31	MBC–DZRH	7,500	±1.13%	—	1.5	5	—	15.6	10.5	5.3	4.9	10.8	10.5	6.5	10.8	—	9.3	0.6	—	2.5	4.1	—
data-sort-value="2021-07-18"	Jul 12–18	OCTA	1,200	±3.0%	—	—	10	1	18	—	5	4	9	11	6	10	—	7	0	2	1	9	7
data-sort-value="2021-06-16"	Jun 7–16	Pulse Asia	2,400	±2.0%	0.3	3	8	0.2	18	0.03	7	5	10	14	9	—	4	10	1	2	2	0.1	6
data-sort-value="2021-03-03"	Feb 22 – Mar 3	Pulse Asia	2,400	±2.0%	—	3	7	1	—	15	7	9	11	16	15	—	—	11	0.5	—	3	0.1	4
data-sort-value="2021-02-01"	Jan 26 – Feb 1	OCTA	1,200	—	—	—	—	—	—	14	—	—	—	11	11	10	—	—	—	—	—	—	—
2020
data-sort-value="2020-12-02"	Nov 23 – Dec 2	Pulse Asia	2,400	±2.0%	—	2	5	2	—	16	6	9	11	17	11	—	—	14	—	—	2	1	4

Notes and References

1. Web site: PUBLiCUS . 2022-05-11 . PUBLiCUS EXIT POLL 2022 Final Results Report with Provincial Breakdown May 11, 2022 . 2022-05-12 . PUBLiCUS Asia, Inc. . en-US.
2. Web site: May 6, 2022 . Public Report on National Election Preferences: May 2-5, 2022 . May 5, 2022 . PUBLiCUS Asia, Inc. . en-US . May 23, 2022 . https://web.archive.org/web/20220523152900/https://www.publicusasia.com/national-election-preferences-may-2-5-2022/ . dead .
3. Web site: Cruz . Angie dela . Robredo, umangat sa pinakahuling Truth Watch/ Mobilis survey . 2022-05-16 . Philstar.com.
4. Web site: May 5, 2022 . TruthWatch H2H survey April 22-30, 2022 . May 16, 2022 . Truth Watch Philippines . en-US.
5. Web site: May 5, 2022 . Bongbong, Sara lead OCTA Research survey . May 6, 2022 . The Manila Times.
6. Tugon ng Masa Survey Results April 22 - 25, 2022 . en . OCTA Research. May 5, 2022.
7. Web site: April 25, 2022 . Public Report on National Election Preferences: April 19-21, 2022 . April 25, 2022 . PUBLiCUS Asia, Inc. . en-US . May 23, 2022 . https://web.archive.org/web/20220523153049/https://www.publicusasia.com/nep-april-19-21-2022/ . dead .
8. Web site: April 2022 Nationwide Survey on the May 2022 Elections – Pulse Asia Research Inc. . May 2, 2022 . en-US.
9. Web site: April 26, 2022 . Marcos solidifies lead . April 28, 2022 . The Manila Times.
10. Web site: VOTE PREFERENCE FOR PRESIDENT DZRH News . . April 25, 2022 . en.
11. Web site: Marcos leads DZRH pre-election survey. www.dzrh.com.ph. April 22, 2022.
12. News: News Releases . Marcos, Duterte-Carpio lead another survey . April 24, 2022 . The Manila Times . April 24, 2022 . en. Cruz . Kaithreen .
13. Tugon ng Masa Survey Results April 2 -6, 2022 . en . OCTA Research. April 17, 2022.
14. Web site: PUBLiCUS . April 8, 2022 . 2022 PAHAYAG FIRST QUARTER SURVEY: March 30 to April 6, 2022 . April 8, 2022 . PUBLiCUS Asia, Inc. . en-US . May 23, 2022 . https://web.archive.org/web/20220523144547/https://www.publicusasia.com/pahayag-first-quarter-survey/ . dead .
15. News: Manila . RadyoMaN . 2022-04-11 . BBM-Sara tandem, nangunguna pa rin sa RMN - APCORE pre-election survey . 2022-04-11 . RMN Networks . tl.
16. Web site: April 13, 2022 . Leni's momentum picks up, while Bongbong slows, per latest survey . May 16, 2022 . Truth Watch Philippines . en-US .
17. Web site: News Releases . Mammoth rallies fail to bring Robredo to top of Laylo survey . March 29, 2022 . Politiko . March 29, 2022 . en.
18. Web site: "Boses ng Bayan: 2022 Elections" Presidential Preferences March 15-22, 2022. . April 23, 2022 . en-US.
19. Web site: March 2022 Nationwide Survey on the May 2022 Elections – Pulse Asia Research Inc. . April 6, 2022 . en-US.
20. Web site: PUBLiCUS . 2022-03-17 . EXECUTIVE SUMMARY – FINDINGS OF 2022 PAHAYAG NATIONAL ELECTION TRACKER 2: March 9-14, 2022 . 2022-03-17 . PUBLiCUS Asia, Inc. . en-US . May 23, 2022 . https://web.archive.org/web/20220523151723/https://www.publicusasia.com/es-pahayag-national-tracker-2/ . dead .
21. Web site: News Releases . March 24, 2022 . Pulso ng Pilipino . en.
22. Web site: Marcos leads in DZRH pre-election survey. www.dzrh.com.ph. March 15, 2022.
23. News: Tambalang Leni-Kiko bahagyang umangat sa pre-election survey ng RMN-APCORE . RMN Networks . March 21, 2022 . March 21, 2022 . tl. Manila . Radyoman .
24. Web site: BBM–Sara, Villar excel nationwide RPMD survey. . March 17, 2022 . en-US.
25. Web site: February 2022 Nationwide Survey on the May 2022 Elections – Pulse Asia Research Inc. . March 14, 2022 . en-US.
26. Web site: News Releases . Laylo survey puts BBM way ahead of rivals with 63% preference rate . March 4, 2022 . Manila Standard . March 4, 2022 . en.
27. Tugon ng Masa Survey Results February 12 - 17, 2022 . en . OCTA Research. March 1, 2022.
28. Executive Summary – Findings of 2022 Pahayag National Election Tracker 1: February 11–16, 2022 . en . PUBLiCUS Asia, Inc. . February 22, 2022 . February 22, 2022 . May 23, 2022 . https://web.archive.org/web/20220523152120/https://www.publicusasia.com/pahayag-national-tracker-1/ . dead .
29. Web site: News Releases . February 26, 2022 . Pulso ng Pilipino . en.
30. News: Requejo . Rey E. . February 12, 2022 . Marcos Leads SWS Survey on Presidentiables at 50% . Manilastandard.net . February 12, 2022.
31. News: Cruz . R. G. . Punzalan . Jamaine . February 16, 2022 . Bongbong Marcos Keeps Lead in 2022 Presidential Race: SWS January Poll . ABS-CBN News . February 18, 2022.
32. News: February 8, 2022 . Vice President Leni Robredo, Umangat din sa Bagong Survey ng RMN-APCORE . February 8, 2022 . RMN Networks . tl. Manila . Radyoman .
33. News: February 13, 2022 . Marcos-Duterte Tandem, Villar, and ACT-CIS Top National Posts in Recent Poll . en . Manilastandard.net . February 23, 2022.
34. News: Maralit . Kristina . February 15, 2022 . BBM also leads Laylo Research poll . The Manila Times . February 15, 2022.
35. Web site: February 13, 2022 . January 2022 Nationwide Survey on the May 2022 Elections . February 13, 2022 . Pulse Asia Research Inc. . en.
36. News: Atienza . Kyle Aristophere T. . Tan . Alyssa Nicole O. . February 9, 2022 . Marcos Widens Lead in Laylo Research's January Opinion Poll . en . BusinessWorld . February 9, 2022.
37. Web site: It's Over but the Counting in 13 Cities and One Municipality in the NCR; A Changing of the Guard in Kyusi as BBM-Sara Calls on Supporters to Help Put Mike Defensor at City Hall; Still a Toss up in Manila, Marikina and Paranaque . https://web.archive.org/web/20220208124147/https://www.pulsongpilipino.com/untitled-galleryPage . February 8, 2022. February 9, 2022 . Pulso ng Pilipino.
38. News: Requejo . Rey E. . January 30, 2022 . Marcos Tops Another Pulso Poll Survey . en . Manilastandard.net . February 9, 2022.
39. Web site: December 16, 2021 . 'Bongbong' Marcos Tops DZRH December Pre-Election Survey for Presidentiables . December 16, 2021 . DZRH . en.
40. News: Tamayo . Bernadette E. . December 27, 2021 . Bongbong-Sara Team Continues to Rule Surveys . en . The Manila Times . December 27, 2021.
41. Web site: Bongbong Marcos Widens Lead in Presidential Race; Tito Sen Keeps Distance but Sara Duterte Dangerously Close . https://web.archive.org/web/20220208124147/https://www.pulsongpilipino.com/untitled-galleryPage . February 8, 2022. December 17, 2021 . Pulso ng Pilipino.
42. Executive Summary – Findings of 2021 Pahayag Quarter 4 Survey : December 6–10, 2021 . en . PUBLiCUS Asia, Inc. . December 13, 2021 . June 28, 2022 . https://web.archive.org/web/20220628005842/https://www.publicusasia.com/phyg-q4-executive-summary/ . dead .
43. Web site: December 22, 2021 . December 2021 Nationwide Survey on the May 2022 Elections . December 22, 2021 . Pulse Asia Research Inc. . en.
44. News: December 17, 2021 . Bongbong Marcos, Nanguna sa mga Presidential Aspirant na Nais Iboto ng mga Pilipino batay sa RMN-APCORE May 2022 Elections Survey . December 17, 2021 . RMN Networks . fil. Manila . Radyoman .
45. Web site: November 25, 2021 . RP MDF Nov. 16-24, 2021 Presidential Preferences . November 25, 2021 . RP MDF Facebook.
46. News: Ramos-Araneta . Macon . November 23, 2021 . Lacson-Sotto Experience as Tandem Props Survey Placing . en . Manilastandard.net . November 24, 2021.
47. Executive Summary — Findings of 2021 Pahayag Final List : November 16–18, 2021 . en . PUBLiCUS Asia, Inc. . November 20, 2021 . May 23, 2022 . https://web.archive.org/web/20220523132833/https://www.publicusasia.com/phyg-final-list/ . dead .
48. News: Requejo . Rey E. . November 1, 2021 . Isko Top Choice for President in New Survey . en . Manilastandard.net . November 2, 2021.
49. News: Ramos . Jaleen . November 2, 2021 . Mayor Isko, Marcos in Tight Race for Presidency in New Survey . en . Manila Bulletin . November 2, 2021.
50. Web site: 2022: Presidential & Vice Presidential Preference (11 /1/2021) . November 2, 2021 . RP-Mission and Development Foundation, Inc. . en.
51. News: Mateo . Janvic . November 14, 2021 . Marcos, Sotto Top Commissioned SWS Poll; Leni Overtakes Isko . en . OneNews . November 14, 2021.
52. Executive Summary — Findings of 2021 Pahayag Quarter 3 Survey : October 11–18, 2021 . en . PUBLiCUS Asia, Inc. . October 23, 2021 . June 28, 2022 . https://web.archive.org/web/20220628010737/https://www.publicusasia.com/executive-summary-phyg-q3/ . dead .
53. Web site: Too early to call and even premature to count Robredo, Lacson and De la Rosa out . https://web.archive.org/web/20211030054542/https://www.pulsongpilipino.com/untitled-galleryPage. October 30, 2021. October 30, 2021 . Pulso ng Pilipino . en.
54. News: De Vera-Ruiz . Ellalyn . September 29, 2021 . Sara Duterte Still Most Preferred 2022 Presidential Pick in Pulse Asia Survey . en . Manila Bulletin . September 29, 2021.
55. Web site: September 29, 2021 . Pulse Asia Research's September 2021 Nationwide Survey on the May 2022 National Elections . September 29, 2021 . Pulse Asia Research Inc..
56. Web site: Ranada . Pia . September 29, 2021 . Despite Drop, Sara Duterte Still Leads Possible Presidential Bets Poll . September 29, 2021 . Rappler . en.
57. Web site: August 10, 2021 . MBC-DZRH Pre-Election Poll Bares Frontrunners for 2022 National Elections . September 29, 2021 . DZRH . en.
58. VP Robredo Improves in Latest Q2 Survey . July 28, 2021 . en . PUBLiCUS Asia, Inc. . September 29, 2021.
59. News: Cruz . Kaithreen . August 3, 2021 . Dutertes Top OCTA Election Survey . en . The Manila Times . September 29, 2021.
60. News: Garcia . Ma. Angelica . August 2, 2021 . OCTA: Sara, Digong Duterte Top Presidential, Vice Presidential Polls . en . GMA News Online . September 29, 2021.
61. Web site: July 13, 2021 . Pulse Asia Research's June 2021 Nationwide Survey on the May 2022 National Elections . July 13, 2021 . Pulse Asia Research Inc..
62. Web site: Ranada . Pia . July 13, 2021 . Duterte-Duterte Leads in Pulse Asia Poll . July 13, 2021 . Rappler.
63. Web site: April 24, 2021 . Pulse Asia Research's February 2021 Nationwide Survey on the May 2022 National Elections . April 24, 2021 . Pulse Asia Research Inc..
64. News: Bordey . Hana . April 22, 2021 . Sara Duterte Continues to Lead in Latest Pulse Asia Survey of Possible 2022 Presidential Bets . GMA News Online . April 23, 2021.
65. News: Manahan . Job . April 22, 2021 . Pulse Asia: Sara Duterte Leads Anew Preferred 2022 Presidential Candidates . . April 23, 2021.
66. News: February 23, 2021 . Sara Duterte Leads May 2022 Presidential, VP Elections Survey . en . CNN Philippines . February 23, 2021 . February 23, 2021 . https://web.archive.org/web/20210223025525/https://cnnphilippines.com/news/2021/2/23/sara-duterte-leads-octa-presidential-vice-president-survey.html . dead .
67. Web site: December 31, 2020 . Pulse Asia Research's November 2020 Nationwide Survey on the May 2022 National Elections . January 1, 2021 . Pulse Asia Research Inc.
68. Web site: Tomacruz . Sofia . December 31, 2020 . Sara Duterte Leads Pulse Asia's Possible 2022 Presidential Bets Poll . January 22, 2021 . Rappler.
69. Web site: Davao Mayor Sara Duterte leads vice-presidential race – DZRH survey DZRH NEWS . 2022-04-22 . www.dzrh.com.ph . en.
70. . philippinestar . 1508988228631552000 . March 30, 2022 . LOOK: Latest Laylo survey for vice presidential race showing Davao City Mayor Sara Duterte keeping her strong lead over rivals at 60% . April 1, 2022.
71. Web site: Duterte nanguna, Sotto tumaas - RPMD survey. . April 6, 2022 . en-US.
72. Web site: March 15, 2022. Sara Duterte leads in DZRH pre-election survey for Vice President.
73. News: Tambalang Leni-Kiko bahagyang umangat sa pre-election survey ng RMN-APCORE. RMN Networks. March 21, 2022. March 21, 2022. en-US. Manila. Radyoman.
74. Web site: March 3, 2022 . Mga VP bet kumain ng alikabok kay Sara . March 11, 2022 . en-US.
75. News: Bajo . Anna Felicia . Noriega . Richa . February 16, 2022 . Marcos Jr., Duterte Lead Pre-Campaign SWS Commissioned Survey . en . GMA News Online . February 17, 2022.
76. News: February 8, 2022 . Former Senator Chiz Escudero, Pumapangalawa na sa Senatorial List sa Bagong Survey ng RMN-APCORE . February 8, 2022 . RMN Networks . fil. Manila . Radyoman .
77. News: Cabanban . Seth . February 13, 2022 . Mayor Sara Tops VP Bets in Laylo Mega-Poll . en . Manila Bulletin . February 13, 2022.
78. Web site: December 16, 2021 . Sara Duterte Leads VP Race in DZRH Pre-Election Poll . December 16, 2021 . DZRH . en.
79. News: December 17, 2021 . Bongbong Marcos, Nanguna sa mga Presidential Aspirant na Nais Iboto ng mga Pilipino Batay sa RMN-APCORE May 2022 Elections Survey . December 17, 2021 . RMN Networks . fil. Manila . Radyoman .
80. Web site: November 25, 2021 . RP MDF Nov. 16-24, 2021 Vice Presidential Preferences . November 25, 2021 . RP MDF Facebook.
81. Web site: Talabong . Rambo . September 29, 2021 . Sotto Surges Past Duterte in Pulse VP Survey . September 29, 2021 . Rappler . en.

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