Opinion polling for the 1996 Russian presidential election explained

Election Name:Opinion polling for the Russian presidential election, 1996
Country:Russia
Type:presidential
Ongoing:yes
Previous Election:Russian presidential election, 1991#Opinion polls
Previous Year:1991
Next Election:Opinion polling for the 2000 Russian presidential election
Next Year:2000

This page lists public opinion polls in connection with the 1996 Russian presidential election.

First round

Candidates passing the second round are given in bold.

1992 to 1994

Date Agency Other Undecided Wouldn't vote Additional candidates
December 1992[1] PPRS4281181427Makashov
4, Bakatin
4
1 January 1993[2] VCIOM32481212114184Khasbulatov1
10–23 November 1993[3] VCIOM4.122.72.61.21.53.62.85.03.72.72.21.04.424.84.30.7Nemtsov1.8, Borovoi 0.4,Skokov 0.2
late-March 1994[4] FOM 4 7 5 13 2 5 5 2 2 1 15 20 17
25 June 1994[5] VCIOM 1 10 5 16 1 1 2 1 4 5 2 1 1 1 2 1 1 1 7 15 24 Luzhkov, Popov, and Skokov
0
late-June 1994FOM 2 12 6 1 12 2 3 4 8 2 3 1 2 1 5 14 21
July 1994[6] Mnenie Poll Service3.8 9.1 5.9 11.32.6 4.0 6.937.718.5
July 1994Mnenie Poll Service4.1 10.7 5.7 3.8 6.9 7.241.119.8
6 September 1994[7] VCIOM 2 11 5 0 19 1 1 3 1 5 6 1 2 1 0 1 1 rowspan=2 1 1 rowspan=2 35 Khasbulatov1
Lakhova and Skokov
0

1995 polls

Date Agency ShokhinSkokov!KhasbulatovOther Undecided Wouldn't vote Additional candidates
10 January 1995[8] VCIOM 2 7 6 2 921 1 1 5 3 1 1 2 0 2 3 1 0 1 2 1 2 0 0 0 0 003 38
20 February 1995[9] VCIOM6 8 6 3 96 1 1 1 4 5 2 1 2 1 2 3 1 2 1 1 1 2 02100 01 3 26
30 March 1995[10] VCIOM 5 10 6 3 8 8 1 1 1 4 5 2 1 1 0 7 4 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 222
30 March 1995[11] VCIOM 5 10 5 7 9 1 2 2 5 5 3 2 2 0 6 7 2 2 2 0 22 18
20 April 1995[12] VCIOM 5 11 6 3 8 8 2 5 2 5 4 2 1 1 0 3 3 1 0 1 2 1 1 1 0 1619
10 May 1995[13] VCIOM 5 9 5 10 4 8 2 5 1 5 4 1 1 2 0 3 3 1 0 2 1 1 0 0 1 1 4 020
25 May 1995[14] Obschchaya Gazeta 9 12 7 7 4 10 2 3 5 8 4 9 1 321Soskovets
1
20 June 1995[15] VCIOM 7 11 8 8 6 5 1 8 0 3 6 1 1 1 0 3 3 1 1 1 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 1 11 1 1 20
7 July 1995[16] VCIOM 4.2 8.1 6.3 2.3 5.6 5.5 3.7 3.5 2.7 2.3 17.2
7 July 1995[17] [18] [19] [20] CESSI 6 12 6 14 7 rowspan=2 rowspan=2 10 rowspan=2 3 5 2 rowspan=2 rowspan=2 rowspan=2 rowspan=2 rowspan=2 rowspan=2 1 1 5rowspan=2 rowspan=2 rowspan=2 rowspan=2 rowspan=2 rowspan=2 rowspan=2 rowspan=2 rowspan=2 rowspan=2rowspan=2 rowspan=2 rowspan=2 rowspan=2 02rowspan=2 rowspan=2 rowspan=2 rowspan=2 rowspan=2 rowspan=2 23rowspan=2 Starovoytova
2
Chubais
1
12 July 1995 VCIOM 3.9 6.0 4.6 7.9 2.6 5.5 3.4 3.5 2.6 3.5 2.2 14.4
July 1995[21] FOM 25 22 12033
30 July 1995[22] VCIOM 8 8 7 7 7 5 1 7 2 3 4 1 0 1 2 1 3 0 0 1 1 2 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 22
September 1995 FOM 28 18 2431
10 October 1995[23] VCIOM 11 8 5 8 6 5 1 8 3 3 3 1 1 1 0 1 3 1 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 2 1 1 0 1 1 1 02 18 Khakamada
1
11 October 1995[24] IFES 6 12 5 14 7 10
20 November 1995[25] VCIOM 10 8 7 6 3 5 1 5 3 2 3 1 0 1 0 3 2 0 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 2 1 1 2 25 5 Shcherbakov
0
10 December 1995[26] VCIOM 15 12 10 6 6 3 1 8 2 3 3 0 0 2 0 2 2 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 0 2 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 2 13
21 December 1995[27] VCIOM 6 6 2

1996 polls

January

Date Agency Skokov !Other Undecided Wouldn't vote Additional candidates
14 January 1996FOM 14.2 13.6 14.9 12.5
January 1996[28] VCIOM 21 11 11 10 8
January 1996[29] IISS 15 11 9 8 6 7
28 January 1996[30] [31] VCIOM 20 13 10 10 8 8 1 7 3
29 January 1996[32] VCIOM 11.3 7.7 7.1 5.4 5.4
30 January 1996[33] VCIOM 1812 10 9 10 5 1 4 3 3 0 1 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 0 1 1 0 2 11
10-31 January 1996[34] VCIOM 12 7 7 6 11 1 4 3 2 1 44

February

Date Agency Other Against All Undecided Wouldn't vote Additional candidates
2 February 1996 New York Times 14 11 7 6 5
15 February 1996 RIISNP 16.4 12.9 8.8 10.4 10.0 1.1 1.2
15 February 1996[35] VCIOM 21 12 12 8 11 8 1 7 4 3 5 9
15 February 1996[36] VCIOM 229 11 6 11 5 1 5 2 3 1 0 0 0 0 1 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 2 13 Khakamada
1
February 1996[37] ISNP 16.4 12.5 10.0
February 1996IISS 18 8 11 7 8 6
Mid-February 1996 RIISNP 16.4 12.9 8.8 10.4 10.0 1.1 1.2
Mid-February 1996 VCIOM 24 9 12 8 11 7 0 5 4
18 February 1996 ROMIR 18 11 9 9 8 7
25 February 1996[38] VCIOM 18.0 8.0 10.0 7.0 8.0 8.0 0.6
29 February 1996[39] VCIOM 18.0 9.0 12.0 6.0 11.9 5.9

March

Date Agency Other Against All Undecided Wouldn't vote Additional candidates
2 March 1996 FOM 20 11 8 7 14 6
March 1996 ISNP 25.8 12.9 17.0
15 March 1996[40] VCIOM 24 10 8 7 17 4 1 2 0 0 0 0 2 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 2 8 Khakamada
0
Mid-March 1996 RIISNP 25.8 13.2 8.1 7.8 17.0 7.6 1.2
17 March 1996 VCIOM 25 11 9 8 15 7 1 1 4 2 3
17 March 1996 ROMIR 25.8 9.0 7.0 17.0
10–18 March 1996[41] CESSI 19.1 6.2 4.9 3.2 14.0 2.0
late-March 1996 ROMIR 27 9 19
late-March 1996 VCIOM 20 11 8 7 14
30 March 1996[42] VCIOM 23 12 7 8 18 7 1 5 3 2 3 11
31 March 1996 VCIOM 27 19
31 March 1996 ROMIR 26 9 7 17
31 March 1996[43] [44] [45] [46] FOM 21 8 7 8 19 5 102146
End of March 1996VCIOM 25 9 9 10 18 7 4 3

April

Date Agency Other Against all Undecided Wouldn't vote Additional candidates
4 April 1996 VCIOM[47] 26 11 6 7 28 6 1 1 0 1 0 rowspan=2 2 rowspan=2 rowspan=2 rowspan=2 rowspan=2 rowspan=2 rowspan=2 rowspan=2 rowspan=2 rowspan=2 rowspan=2 rowspan=2 rowspan=2 rowspan=2 rowspan=2 rowspan=2 rowspan=2 rowspan=2 rowspan=2 rowspan=2 rowspan=2 rowspan=2 1 3 rowspan=2 7Tarasov
1
Mavrodi and Podoprigora
0
7 April 1996[48] FOM 25 9 6 6 21 3 9 1 9 4 18
10 April 1996 VCIOM 26 10 8 10 18 8 1 4 3
13 April 1996 FOM 22 8 8 6 23 5 5118
14 April 1996 ROMIR 27.0 7.0 6.0 8.0 22.0 6.0 7
April 1996IISS 25 9 6 6 21 3
10–15 April ISP 38–47 8–9 6–7 8–10 16–20 2–4 1–2
15 April 1996[49] VCIOM 25 10 6 6 21 4 1 2 2 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 12 Khakamada, and Shcherbakov
0
Mid-April 1996 RIISNP 28.0 12.7 8.5 10.3 23.8 6.7 1.1
17 April 1996[50] [51] VCIOM 26.0 10.0 8.0 10.0 18.0
20 April 1996FOM 22 8 7 6 22 5 33518
22 April 1996CESSI 19.8 6.5 4.8 4.7 20.7 3.2 1.0
24 April 1996 VCIOM 27.0 11.0 9.0 8.0 21.0 4.0 2.0
24 April 1996CESSI 19.8 7.0 5.0 5.0 20.8 3.0

May

Date Agency Podoprigora Other Against all Undecided Wouldn't vote Additional candidates
27 April-2 May ISP 43–45 8 7 8 25 3 1–2
5 May 1996 VCIOM 27.0 9.0 7.0 6.0 28.0 7.0 1.0 2.0
5 May 1996[52] [53] [54] ROMIR 28.07.0 5.0 7.0 28.0 6.0 2.0 15
5 May 1996 ROMIR 25 8.0 6.0 6.0 29.04.0 1.0 1.0
11–12 May 1996FOM 28 18 14 3210 1.0
12 May 1996 ROMIR 25 9.0 5.0 5.0 323.0 1.0 1.0
9–14 May 1996[55] CESSI19.3 9.2 4.3 5.5 27.7 3.2
14 May 199627 28
May 1996 RIISNP 22.4 13.3 6.1 7.4 35.2 5.6 1.0 0.2 0.6 0.9 3.1
15 May 1996[56] VCIOM 22 10 6 7 36 5 1 0 0 1 2 0 3
17 May 1996 ISP 42 10.0 7.0 8.0 27.0 3.0
19 May 1996 VCIOM 26.0 9.0 7.0 7.0 33.0 4.0 0.5 0.4 0.5 1.0
19 May 1996 ROMIR 27.0 7.0 5.0 4.0 31.05.0 1.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 1.0
6–24 May 1996[57] VCIOM 13.9 6.0 3.2 3.3 23.52.2 0.4 0.2 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.5 0.0 0.5 rowspan=3 43.7 rowspan=3 Ubozhko
0.8
Nobody
0.5
N/A
0.8
6–24 May 1996 VCIOM 19.4 12.5 5.0 7.2 29.56.1 0.8 0.2 rowspan=3 0.2 0.9 0.1 1.4 0.1 11.4 rowspan=3 rowspan=3 rowspan=3 Tarasov
0.3
Mavrodi
0.1
N/A
4.5
26 May 1996 ROMIR 24.0 6.0 5.0 6.0 35.03.0 1.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 1.0
24–28 May 1996 ISP 36 10 5–7 7–8 36 4
30 May 1996[58] CESSI 19.7 5.9 5.7 5.6 32.6
31 May 1996[59] FOM 22 34

June

Date Agency Tuleyev !Against all Wouldn't vote
3 June 1996 VCIOM 26.0 7.0 6.0 7.0 37.0 3.0 1.0 0.4
3 June 1996 ROMIR 23 7 4 7 352 0 0 0 0 1
7 June 1996 ISP 31 11 5 9 40 2
9 June 1996 FOM 30 6 8 7 342 2
8–10 June 1996 ROMIR 23 7 5 7 342 1 0 0 0 1
10 June 1996[60] VCIOM 24 9 5 7 39 3 1 1 0 0 0 2 10
5–11 June 1996[61] [62] [63] VCIOM 24.0 8.0 6.0 10.0 36.0 3.0 0.5 0.4 0.3 0.1 1.0
13 June 1996 Sovetskaya Rossiya 36 27
13 June 1996ISP 31 40
13 June 1996[64] Betanelli 35.6 9.8 7.5 11.0 32.7 9.8
June 1996[65] VCIOM 19 10 6 8 33 3 1 3 1 2 11
June 1996[66] VCIOM 22 10 5 9 39 4 0 1 0 0 2 2 5
16 June 1996 Election result 32.5 7.4 5.8 14.7 35.8 0.9 0.5 0.2 0.2 0.4 0.0 1.6
Exit polls
Agency Tuleyev !Against all
CESSI[67] 29 10 7 14 35
Election result 32.5 7.4 5.8 14.7 35.8 0.9 0.5 0.2 0.2 0.4 0.0 1.6

Second round

Polls before runoff

Date Agency Against all Not vote Undecided
20 February 1995[68] VCIOM 19 23 58
January 1996VCIOM 41 21
January 1996 VCIOM 33 19 20 15 13
28 January 1996 VCIOM 33 18 22 15 12
30 January 1996[69] VCIOM 36 25 32 7
13 February 1996 VCIOM 33 19 20 15 13
February 1996 RIISNP 32.3 25.2 36.3
February 1996 VCIOM 34 21 22 15 13
15 February 1996[70] VCIOM 36 26 24 14
Mid-February 1996 VCIOM 39 27 22 4 8
March 1996 VCIOM 37 29
mid-March VCIOM 32 24 17 12 12
17 March 1996 VCIOM 36 33 18 3 10
17 March 1996 ROMIR 40 31
12–24 March 1996[71] IISES 32 24 36
late-March VCIOM 30 29 21 12 10
late-March ROMIR 40 30
31 March 1996 VCIOM 32 24 21 12 11
10 April 1996 VCIOM 29 28 18 15 10
13 April 1996 FOM 17 22
14 April 1996 ROMIR 40 34
April 1996 RIISNP 36.5 31.7 20.8
17 April 1996 VCIOM 29 28 17 12 12
20 April 1996 ROMIR 40 36
28 April 1996 ROMIR 40 36
5 May 1996 ROMIR 33 41
5 May 1996 36 40
6 May 1996 VCIOM 29 31 17 9 14
12 May 1996 VCIOM 31 37 15 9 8
12 May 1996 ROMIR 32 42
14 May 1996 37 45
May 1996[72] ISP 42 27
May 1996 IISS 36-4716-20
17 May 1996 CESSI 27 43.1 11.5
19 May 1996 VCIOM 37 50 13
19 May 1996 ROMIR 32 43
6-24 May 1996VCIOM 35.2 48.3 16.5
26 May 1996 VCIOM 36 52 12
26 May 1996 ROMIR 30 46
30 May 1996 CESSI 27.6 47.9 9.5
3 June 1996 ROMIR 31 49
12 June 1996 VCIOM 36 53 11
12 June 1996 ROMIR 30 46

Polls during runoff

Date Agency Against all Not vote Undecided
16 June 1996[73] CNN/Moscow Times 24.8 50.0
1 July 1996[74] Betanelli 38.5 56.0 5.0
3 July 1996 Election result 40.7 54.4 4.9

Exit polls

Agency Against all
CESSI 41 54
Election result 40.7 54.4 4.9

Hypothetical polling

With Chernomyrdin

Date Agency Against all Would not vote Undecided
14 January 1996 FOM 34.6 65.4
39.1 60.9

With B. Fyodorov

Date Agency Against all Would not vote Undecided
20 February 1995[75] VCIOM 28 20 28 24
May 10, 1995[76] VCIOM 31 9 40 20

With S. Fyodorov

Date Agency Against all Would not vote Undecided
20 February 1995[77] VCIOM 41 17 42
20 April 1995[78] VCIOM 30 31 19 19

With Gaidar

Date Agency Against all Would not vote Undecided
20 May 1994[79] VCIOM 38 14 48
20 February 1995VCIOM 17 41 42
May 10, 1995VCIOM 20.4 29.6 50
10–23 November 1995[80] VCIOM 26 20 38 17

With Lebed

Date Agency Against all Would not vote Undecided
20 February 1995VCIOM 20 28 24
10 January 1996 ROMIR 35 29
14 January 1996 FOM 65.4 34.6
47.25 52.75
57.9 42.1
28 January 1996 VCIOM 28 28 20 12 12
30 January 1996[81] [82] [83] VCIOM 32 39 33 21 6
40 22 32 6
34 33 27 7
13 February 1996 VCIOM 23 31 24 12 10
February 1996 RIISNP 24.9 29.3 38.7
12–24 March 1996 IISES 35 32
24 28 50
31 March 1996 VCIOM 23 30 24 12 11
10 April 1996 VCIOM 28 26 18 16 12
April 1996 RIISNP 24.8 35.4 27.1
Isolated table of Lebed–Zyuganov polls
Date Agency Against all Would not vote Undecided
10 January 1996 ROMIR 35 29
14 January 1996 FOM 57.9 42.1
28 January 1996 VCIOM 28 28 20 12 12
30 January 1996 VCIOM 34 33 27 7
13 February 1996 VCIOM 23 31 24 12 10
February 1996 RIISNP 24.9 29.3 38.7
31 March 1996 VCIOM 23 30 24 12 11
10 April 1996 VCIOM 28 26 18 16 12
April 1996 RIISNP 24.8 35.4 27.1

With Rutskoy

Date Agency Against all Would not vote Undecided
10–23 November 1993VCIOM 15.7 37.4 46.9
June 1994[86] FOM 19 24 30 18 9
20 February 1995VCIOM 25 11 64

With Yavlinsky

Date Agency Against all Would not vote Undecided
10–23 November 1993VCIOM 37.4 15.7 46.9
20 February 1995[87] VCIOM 35 14 51
34 20 46
38 17 45
20 April 1995VCIOM 31 30 19 19
May 10, 1995VCIOM 29.6 20.4 50
September 22, 1995Moscow Kurranty 26 18 21 18 17
14 January 1996 FOM 60.9 39.1
52.75 47.25
54.5 42.5
January 1996VCIOM 36 34 36
28 January 1996 VCIOM 33 27 17 11 12
30 January 1996 VCIOM 39 33 21 6
39 32 24 6
13 February 1996 VCIOM 34 28 15 11 12
February 1996 RIISNP 35.2 20.1 37.1
34.2 29.2 31.4
Mid-February 1996 VCIOM 33 37 19 4 7
17 March 1996 VCIOM 32 34 17 6 11
17 March 1996 ROMIR 29 38
12–24 March 1996 IISES 32 35
35 20 37
34 29 31
31 March 1996 VCIOM 31 29 16 10 14
10 April 1996 VCIOM 31 27 14 15 13
14 April 1996 ROMIR 28 39
14 April 1996 ROMIR 34 31
April 1996 RIISNP 28.0 26.8 30.1
31.0 36.0 20.3
12 May 1996 VCIOM 41 40 19
6-24 May 1996VCIOM 23.1 55.1 21.8
38.7 26.6 34.7
Isolated table of Yavlinsky–Yeltsin polls
Date Agency Against all Would not vote Undecided
20 February 1995 VCIOM 35 14 51
February 1996 RIISNP 35.2 20.1 37.1
12–24 March 1996 IISES35 20 37
April 1996 RIISNP 28.0 26.8 30.1
6-24 May 1996VCIOM 23.1 55.1 21.8
Isolated table of Yavlinsky–Zyuganov polls
Date Agency Against all Would not vote Undecided
20 February 1995 VCIOM 38 17 45
September 22, 1995Moscow Kurranty 26 18 21 18 17
January 1996VCIOM 36 34 36
14 January 1996 FOM 54.5 42.5
28 January 1996 VCIOM 33 27 17 11 12
30 January 1996 VCIOM 39 32 24 6
13 February 1996 VCIOM 34 28 15 11 12
February 1996 RIISNP 34.2 29.2 31.4
Mid-February 1996 VCIOM 33 37 19 4 7
17 March 1996 VCIOM 32 34 17 6 11
17 March 1996 ROMIR 29 38
12–24 March 1996 IISES 34 2931
31 March 1996 VCIOM 31 29 16 10 14
10 April 1996 VCIOM 31 27 14 15 13
14 April 1996 ROMIR 28 39
April 1996 RIISNP 31.0 36.0 20.3
12 May 1996 VCIOM 41 40 19
14 April 1996 ROMIR 34 31
6-24 May 1996VCIOM 38.7 26.6 34.7

With Yeltsin

Date Agency Against all Would not vote Undecided
End of 1993[88] ROMIR 21 16 7 22
June 1994 FOM 24 19 30 18 9
25 June 1994 [89] VCIOM 42 11 36 12
20 February 1995[90] VCIOM 24 11 64
30 January 1996 VCIOM 22 40 32 6
29 19 45 7
February 1996 RIISNP 20.1 35.2 37.1
20 February 1995 VCIOM 14 35 51
12–24 March 1996 IISES 28 24 50
20 35 37
28.5 14 39
April 1996 RIISNP 28.0 26.8 30.1
6-24 May 1996VCIOM 55.1 23.1 21.8
Isolated table of Yavlinsky–Yeltsin polls
Date Agency Against all Would not vote Undecided
20 February 1995 VCIOM 35 14 51
February 1996 RIISNP 35.2 20.1 37.1
12–24 March 1996 IISES35 20 37
April 1996 RIISNP 28.0 26.8 30.1
6-24 May 1996VCIOM 23.1 55.1 21.8
Isolated table of Yeltsin–Zhirinovsky polls
Date Agency Against all Would not vote Undecided
End of 1993ROMIR 21 16 7 22
25 June 1994 VCIOM 42 11 36 12
20 February 1995VCIOM24 11 64
30 January 1996[91] VCIOM 29 19 45 7
12–24 March 1996 IISES 28.5 14 39

With Zhirinovsky

Date Agency Against all Would not vote Undecided
End of 1993 ROMIR 16 21 7 22
20 May 1994VCIOM 14 38 48
25 June 1994 VCIOM 11 42 36 12
20 February 1995VCIOM 11 25 64
11 24 64
May 10, 1995VCIOM 9 31 40 20
31 10 42 17
28 January 1996 VCIOM 15 35 26 14 10
30 January 1996 VCIOM 19 29 45 7
18 39 36 7
13 February 1996 VCIOM 14 35 26 14 11
February 1996 RIISNP 11.2 33.6 47.1
28 February 1996[92] VCIOM 12 39 38 11
17 March 1996 VCIOM 13 40 32 7 8
17 March 1996 ROMIR 13 44
12–24 March 1996 IISES 14 28.5 39
11 34 47
31 March 1996 VCIOM 13 35 32 12 8
10 April 1996 VCIOM 12 33 30 18 7
April 1996 RIISNP 11.2 37.2 41.2
Isolated table of Yeltsin–Zhirinovsky polls
Date Agency Against all Would not vote Undecided
End of 1993ROMIR 21 16 7 22
25 June 1994 VCIOM 42 11 36 12
20 February 1995VCIOM24 11 64
30 January 1996 VCIOM 29 19 45 7
12–24 March 1996 IISES 28.5 14 39
Isolated table of Zhirinvosky–Zyuganov polls
Date Agency Against all Would not vote Undecided
28 January 1996 VCIOM 15 35 26 14 10
30 January 1996 VCIOM 18 39 36 7
13 February 1996 VCIOM 14 35 26 14 11
February 1996 RIISNP 11.2 33.6 47.1
28 February 1996VCIOM 12 39 38 11
17 March 1996 VCIOM 13 40 32 7 8
17 March 1996 ROMIR 13 44
12–24 March 1996 IISES 11 34 47
31 March 1996 VCIOM 13 35 32 12 8
10 April 1996 VCIOM 12 33 30 18 7
April 1996 RIISNP 11.2 37.2 41.2

With Zyuganov

Date Agency Against all Would not vote Undecided
20 February 1995 VCIOM 17 38 45
September 22, 1995Moscow Kurranty 18 26 21 18 17
10–23 November 1995VCIOM 20 26 38 17
January 1996VCIOM 34 36 36
10 January 1996 ROMIR 29 35
14 January 1996 FOM 42.1 57.9
42.5 54.5
28 January 1996 VCIOM 28 28 20 12 12
27 33 17 11 12
35 15 26 14 10
30 January 1996[93] VCIOM 33 34 27 7
32 39 24 6
39 18 36 7
13 February 1996 VCIOM 31 23 24 12 10
28 34 15 11 12
35 14 26 14 11
February 1996 RIISNP 29.3 24.9 38.7
29.2 34.2 31.4
33.6 11.2 47.1
Mid-February 1996 VCIOM 37 33 19 4 7
28 February 1996VCIOM 39 12 38 11
17 March 1996 VCIOM 34 32 17 6 11
40 13 32 7 8
17 March 1996 ROMIR 38 29
44 13
12–24 March 1996 IISES 29 34 31
34 11 47
31 March 1996 VCIOM 30 23 24 12 11
3131 16 10 14
35 13 32 12 8
10 April 1996 VCIOM 26 28 18 16 12
27 31 14 15 13
33 12 30 18 7
14 April 1996 ROMIR 39 28
14 April 1996 ROMIR 31 34
April 1996 RIISNP 35.4 24.8 27.1
36.0 31.0 20.3
37.2 11.2 41.2
12 May 1996 VCIOM 40 41 19
6-24 May 1996VCIOM 26.6 38.7 34.7
Isolated table of Lebed–Zyuganov polls
Date Agency Against all Would not vote Undecided
10 January 1996 ROMIR 35 29
14 January 1996 FOM 57.9 42.1
28 January 1996 VCIOM 28 28 20 12 12
30 January 1996 VCIOM 34 33 27 7
13 February 1996 VCIOM 23 31 24 12 10
February 1996 RIISNP 24.9 29.3 38.7
31 March 1996 VCIOM 23 30 24 12 11
10 April 1996 VCIOM 28 26 18 16 12
April 1996 RIISNP 24.8 35.4 27.1
Isolated table of Yavlinsky–Zyuganov polls
Date Agency Against all Would not vote Undecided
20 February 1995 VCIOM 38 17 45
September 22, 1995Moscow Kurranty 26 18 21 18 17
January 1996VCIOM 36 34 36
14 January 1996 FOM 54.5 42.5
28 January 1996 VCIOM 33 27 17 11 12
30 January 1996 VCIOM 39 32 24 6
13 February 1996 VCIOM 34 28 15 11 12
February 1996 RIISNP 34.2 29.2 31.4
Mid-February 1996 VCIOM 33 37 19 4 7
17 March 1996 VCIOM 32 34 17 6 11
17 March 1996 ROMIR 29 38
12–24 March 1996 IISES 34 2931
31 March 1996 VCIOM 31 29 16 10 14
10 April 1996 VCIOM 31 27 14 15 13
14 April 1996 ROMIR 28 39
April 1996 RIISNP 31.0 36.0 20.3
12 May 1996 VCIOM 41 40 19
14 April 1996 ROMIR 34 31
6-24 May 1996VCIOM 38.7 26.6 34.7
Isolated table of Zhirinvosky–Zyuganov polls
Date Agency Against all Would not vote Undecided
28 January 1996 VCIOM 15 35 26 14 10
30 January 1996[94] VCIOM 18 39 36 7
13 February 1996 VCIOM 14 35 26 14 11
February 1996 RIISNP 11.2 33.6 47.1
28 February 1996VCIOM 12 39 38 11
17 March 1996 VCIOM 13 40 32 7 8
17 March 1996 ROMIR 13 44
12–24 March 1996 IISES 11 34 47
31 March 1996 VCIOM 13 35 32 12 8
10 April 1996 VCIOM 12 33 30 18 7
April 1996 RIISNP 11.2 37.2 41.2

Subnational polls

Far East Russia

Date Agency Kozyrev !Grachev
July 1995CESSI 9 12 4 11 6 4 2 6 7 2 4 1 3 1 0 0

Moscow

Date Agency Grachev
July 1995 CESSI 5 17 4 9 127 5 1 2 1 1 1 1 1 0 0
July 1995[95] RCRF 10.8 11.9 13.6 17.9
7-13 April 1996FOM11 31

North/Northwest Russia

Date Agency Kozyrev !Grachev
July 1995CESSI 4 15 7 12 10 11 5 6 3 3 1 0

North Caucasus

Date Agency Shakhrai !Grachev
July 1995CESSI 10 9 7 7 7 12 1 2 6 2 0 4 2 3 0

Tambov Oblast

First round

Urals

Date Agency Shakhrai !Grachev
July 1995 CESSI 9 12 5 20 4 14 3 4 8 1 2 1 2 1 0

Volga

Date Agency Shakhrai !Grachev
July 1995CESSI 2 12 6 12 4 9 3 6 7 2 1 1 2 1 0

West Siberia

Notes and References

  1. White . Stephen . McAllister . Ian . Kryshtanovskaya . Olga . 1994 . El'tsin and His Voters: Popular Support in the 1991 Russian Presidential Elections and after . Europe-Asia Studies . 46 . 2 . 285–303 . 10.1080/09668139408412162 . 152706.
  2. Web site: Archived copy . dead . https://web.archive.org/web/20180306142922/https://wciom.ru/zh/print_q.php?s_id=477&q_id=35923&date=01.01.1993 . 2018-03-06 . 2018-03-06.
  3. Web site: Archived copy . dead . https://web.archive.org/web/20180223110940/https://dbk.gesis.org/dbksearch/sdesc2.asp?no=3175 . 2018-02-23 . 2018-02-23.
  4. Web site: На выборах президента в марте Григорий Явлинский собрал бы 7% голосов россиян, а в июне его шансы возросли бы на пять пунктов . . July 29, 1994 . www.bd.fom.ru . FOM . ru .
  5. Web site: Archived copy . 2018-03-06 . 2018-03-06 . https://web.archive.org/web/20180306142928/https://wciom.ru/zh/print_q.php?s_id=490&q_id=36291&date=25.06.1994 . dead .
  6. Web site: Klingemann, Hans-Dieter; Mnenie Poll Service, Moskau, Russland (1995): Political and Economic Problems Russia 1994. GESIS Data Archive, Cologne. ZA2818 Data file Version 1.0.0, doi:10.4232/1.2818 . 2018-02-23 . 2018-02-23 . https://web.archive.org/web/20180223171218/https://dbk.gesis.org/dbksearch/sdesc2.asp?no=2818 . dead .
  7. Web site: Archived copy . 2018-03-06 . 2018-03-06 . https://web.archive.org/web/20180306142924/https://wciom.ru/zh/print_q.php?s_id=517&q_id=37231&date=06.09.1994 . dead .
  8. Web site: Archived copy . 2018-03-06 . 2018-03-06 . https://web.archive.org/web/20180306142523/https://wciom.ru/zh/print_q.php?s_id=446&q_id=35110&date=10.01.1995 . dead .
  9. Web site: Archived copy . 2018-03-06 . 2018-03-06 . https://web.archive.org/web/20180306202920/https://wciom.ru/zh/print_q.php?s_id=429&q_id=34537&date=20.02.1995 . dead .
  10. Web site: Archived copy . 2018-03-06 . 2018-03-06 . https://web.archive.org/web/20180306202741/https://wciom.ru/zh/print_q.php?s_id=427&q_id=34498&date=30.03.1995 . dead .
  11. Web site: Archived copy . 2018-03-06 . 2018-03-07 . https://web.archive.org/web/20180307022552/https://wciom.ru/zh/print_q.php?s_id=427&q_id=34499&date=30.03.1995 . dead .
  12. Web site: Archived copy . 2018-03-06 . 2018-03-06 . https://web.archive.org/web/20180306202925/https://wciom.ru/zh/print_q.php?s_id=430&q_id=34591&date=20.04.1995 . dead .
  13. Web site: Archived copy . 2018-03-06 . 2018-03-06 . https://web.archive.org/web/20180306202606/https://wciom.ru/zh/print_q.php?s_id=431&q_id=34610&date=10.05.1995 . dead .
  14. Web site: Russian Election Watch No. 2, June 2, 1995 . . June 2, 1995 . www.belfercenter.org . Belfer Center . February 20, 2018 .
  15. Web site: Archived copy . 2018-03-06 . 2018-03-06 . https://web.archive.org/web/20180306202834/https://wciom.ru/zh/print_q.php?s_id=493&q_id=36383&date=20.06.1995 . dead .
  16. Web site: Russian Election Watch, July 14, 1996 . . July 14, 1995 . www.belfercenter.org . Belfer Center . February 20, 2018 .
  17. Book: Ferguson, Gary . Russia National Survey, 1995: Overview . 1995 . IFES . February 22, 2018 . 9781879720039 .
  18. Web site: INTERNATIONAL FOUNDATION FOR ELECTION SYSTEMS OVERVIEW: RUSSIA NATIONAL SURVEY . . 1995 . www.ifes.org . International Foundation for Election Systems . January 19, 2018 . 3 December 2017 . https://web.archive.org/web/20171203111354/http://www.ifes.org/sites/default/files/r01863.pdf . dead .
  19. Web site: IFES RUSSIA NATIONAL SURVEY REGIONAL PROFILES. Ferguson . Gary . September 30, 1995. www.ifes.org . International Foundation for Election Systems . January 19, 2018 .
  20. Web site: Russian Election Watch No. 9, October 1, 1995 . . October 1, 1995 . www.belfercenter.org . Belfer Center . February 20, 2018 .
  21. Web site: База данных ФОМ > В сентябре лидер "Яблока" существенно обогнал премьера по числу возможных голосов избирателей.
  22. Web site: Archived copy . 2018-03-07 . 2018-03-07 . https://web.archive.org/web/20180307214232/https://wciom.ru/zh/print_q.php?s_id=494&q_id=36410&date=30.07.1995 . dead .
  23. Web site: Archived copy . 2018-03-07 . 2018-03-07 . https://web.archive.org/web/20180307214213/https://wciom.ru/zh/print_q.php?s_id=501&q_id=36583&date=10.10.1995 . dead .
  24. Web site: Russian Election Watch No. 10, November 1, 1995 . . November 21, 1995 . www.belfercenter.org . Belfer Center . February 20, 2018 .
  25. Web site: Archived copy . 2018-03-07 . 2018-03-07 . https://web.archive.org/web/20180307214210/https://wciom.ru/zh/print_q.php?s_id=495&q_id=36463&date=20.11.1995 . dead .
  26. Web site: Archived copy . 2018-03-07 . 2018-03-07 . https://web.archive.org/web/20180307082339/https://wciom.ru/zh/print_q.php?s_id=492&q_id=36352&date=10.12.1995 . dead .
  27. Web site: Russian Election Watch, January 26, 1996 . . January 26, 1996 . www.belfercenter.org . Belfer Center . February 20, 2018 .
    Web site: Russian Election Watch, January 26, 1996 . January 26, 1996 . 2018-01-01 . https://web.archive.org/web/20000129130134/http://ksgnotes1.harvard.edu/BCSIA/Library.nsf/pubs/RE15. 2000-01-29.
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  29. Strategic Comments. 2. 4. 1–2. . What Would a Zyuganov Victory Mean?. May 14, 1996 . 10.1080/1356788960241.
  30. Web site: Opinion Poll Data . https://web.archive.org/web/20070220090312/http://www.acs.brockport.edu/~dgusev/Russian/polls.html . . 1996 . www.acs.brockport.edu . ACS Brockport . February 20, 2007 . dead .
    Web site: Opinion Poll Data . . n.d. . www.cs.ccsu.edu . CCSU . January 2, 2018 .
  31. Book: Hough . Jerry F. . Davidheiser . Evelyn . Lehmnn . Susan Goodrich . 1996 . The 1996 Russian Presidential Election . Washington, D.C. . Brookings Institution Press . 80–82 . 9780815705161 .
  32. Web site: Russian Election Watch, February 9, 1996 . February 9, 1996 . 2018-01-01 . https://web.archive.org/web/20000129135335/http://ksgnotes1.harvard.edu/BCSIA/Library.nsf/pubs/RE16. 2000-01-29.
  33. Web site: Archived copy . 2018-03-07 . 2012-07-21 . https://web.archive.org/web/20120721231033/http://wciom.ru/zh/print_q.php?s_id=448&q_id=35163&date=30.01.1996 . dead .
  34. Web site: Yeltsin Faces the Electorate: Findings from Opinion Polling Data . Rose . Richard . 1996 . 2018-02-23 . 2016-09-02 . https://web.archive.org/web/20160902185944/https://www.gwu.edu/~ieresgwu/assets/docs/demokratizatsiya%20archive/04-3_Rose.PDF . dead .
  35. Web site: Archived copy . 2018-03-08 . 2018-03-08 . https://web.archive.org/web/20180308232012/https://wciom.ru/zh/print_q.php?s_id=449&q_id=35216&date=15.02.1996 . dead .
  36. Web site: Archived copy . 2018-03-10 . 2018-03-10 . https://web.archive.org/web/20180310135748/https://wciom.ru/zh/print_q.php?s_id=449&q_id=35215&date=15.02.1996 . dead .
  37. Web site: Russian Election Watch, April 8, 1996 . . April 8, 1996 . www.belfercenter.org . Belfer Center . February 20, 2018 .
    Web site: Russian Election Watch, April 8, 1996 . April 8, 1996 . 2018-01-02 . https://web.archive.org/web/20010104142600/http://ksgnotes1.harvard.edu/BCSIA/Library.nsf/pubs/RE18 . 2001-01-04 .
  38. Web site: Yeltsin Trails Communists In Election Poll . Phillips . Richard . February 21, 1996 . www.chicagotribune.com . Chicago Tribune . February 21, 2018 .
  39. Web site: Russian Election Watch, March 7, 1996 . https://web.archive.org/web/20000129155801/http://ksgnotes1.harvard.edu/BCSIA/Library.nsf/pubs/RE17 . dead . January 29, 2000 . March 7, 1996 . 2018-01-01 .
  40. Web site: Archived copy . 2018-03-08 . 2018-03-08 . https://web.archive.org/web/20180308103836/https://wciom.ru/zh/print_q.php?s_id=451&q_id=35270&date=15.03.1996 . dead .
  41. Web site: Poll: Yeltsin gains support in Russian electorate . . June 1, 1996 . www.cnn.com . CNN . January 1, 2017 .
  42. Web site: Archived copy . 2018-03-08 . 2018-03-08 . https://web.archive.org/web/20180308103819/https://wciom.ru/zh/print_q.php?s_id=452&q_id=35286&date=30.03.1996 . dead .
  43. Web site: База данных ФОМ > Категории. bd.fom.ru. 22 August 2023.
  44. Web site: База данных ФОМ > В предвыборном марафоне по-прежнему лидируют Борис Ельцин и Геннадий Зюганов.
  45. Web site: База данных ФОМ > В середине апреля рейтинги Ельцина и Зюганова сравнялись.
  46. Web site: Yeltsin Gains In Opinion Poll . . April 5, 1996 . www.chicagotribune.com . Chicago Tribune . February 22, 2018 .
  47. Web site: Archived copy . 2018-03-07 . 2012-07-21 . https://web.archive.org/web/20120721173042/http://wciom.ru/zh/print_q.php?s_id=466&q_id=35673&date=30.04.1996 . dead .
  48. Web site: База данных ФОМ > Рейтинги кандидатов в президенты к концу апреля стабилизировались.
  49. Web site: Archived copy . 2018-03-08 . 2018-03-08 . https://web.archive.org/web/20180308165210/https://wciom.ru/zh/print_q.php?s_id=453&q_id=35308&date=15.04.1996 . dead .
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  51. Web site: Russian Election Watch, May 9, 1996 . May 9, 1996 . 2018-01-02 . https://web.archive.org/web/20010104151500/http://ksgnotes1.harvard.edu/BCSIA/Library.nsf/pubs/RE20. 2001-01-04.
  52. Web site: OP #273 LEAVING THE PAST BEHIND: THE RUSSIAN PRESIDENTIAL ELECTIONS OF 1996 . Phillips . Hugh . n.d. . www.wilsoncenter.org . Wilson Center . February 21, 2018 . February 22, 2018 . https://web.archive.org/web/20180222043834/https://www.wilsoncenter.org/sites/default/files/ACF2A3.pdf . dead .
  53. Web site: POLLS SHOW YELTSIN, ZYUGANOV RUNNING NECK AND NECK.(Newsline - May 6, 1996) . Orttung . Robert . May 6, 1996 . www.rferl.org . Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty . February 21, 2018 .
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  56. Web site: Archived copy . 2018-03-08 . 2018-03-08 . https://web.archive.org/web/20180308165123/https://wciom.ru/zh/print_q.php?s_id=463&q_id=35592&date=15.05.1996 . dead .
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  59. Web site: Russia tries to 'rock' the youth vote . McNally . Steve . May 31, 1996 . www.cnn.com . CNN . February 22, 2018 .
  60. Web site: Archived copy . 2018-03-07 . 2018-03-08 . https://web.archive.org/web/20180308165139/https://wciom.ru/zh/print_q.php?s_id=458&q_id=35454&date=10.06.1996 . dead .
  61. Web site: Yeltsin condemns subway bombing . . June 13, 1996 . www.newspapers.com . Chicago Tribune . January 13, 2018 .
  62. Web site: Newsline - June 13, 1996 . . June 13, 1996 . www.rferl.org . RadioFreeEurope/RadioLiberty . January 13, 2018 .
  63. Web site: Poll Average Details- Russian President - First Round - 1996-06-16 23:00:00 .
  64. Web site: CNN - Yeltsin, Zyuganov in statistical dead heat as campaign ends - June 14, 1996 . www.cnn.com . 15 January 2022 . https://web.archive.org/web/20000823022057/http://www.cnn.com/WORLD/9606/14/russia.campaign/ . 23 August 2000 . dead.
  65. Web site: Archived copy . 2018-03-18 . 2018-03-19 . https://web.archive.org/web/20180319084844/https://wciom.ru/zh/print_q.php?s_id=454&q_id=35352&date=20.06.1996 . dead .
  66. Web site: Archived copy . 2018-03-07 . 2018-03-08 . https://web.archive.org/web/20180308103441/https://wciom.ru/zh/print_q.php?s_id=457&q_id=35435&date=30.06.1996 . dead .
  67. Web site: Archived copy . 2018-03-18 . 2016-01-30 . https://web.archive.org/web/20160130151855/http://ropercenter.cornell.edu/public-perspective/ppscan/75/75041.pdf . dead .
  68. Web site: Archived copy . 2018-03-06 . 2018-03-06 . https://web.archive.org/web/20180306202727/https://wciom.ru/zh/print_q.php?s_id=429&q_id=34540&date=20.02.1995 . dead .
  69. Web site: Archived copy . 2018-03-08 . 2012-07-22 . https://web.archive.org/web/20120722025737/http://wciom.ru/zh/print_q.php?s_id=448&q_id=35171&date=30.01.1996 . dead .
  70. Web site: Archived copy . 2018-03-08 . 2018-03-08 . https://web.archive.org/web/20180308231333/https://wciom.ru/zh/print_q.php?s_id=449&q_id=35222&date=15.02.1996 . dead .
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  75. Web site: Archived copy . 2018-03-07 . 2018-03-07 . https://web.archive.org/web/20180307082333/https://wciom.ru/zh/print_q.php?s_id=430&q_id=34593&date=20.04.1995 . dead .
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  86. Web site: Если бы в последнем туре президентских выборов кандидатами остались Ельцин и Руцкой, то за первого проголосовал бы каждый четвертый, а за второго – каждый пятый опрошенный . . July 8, 1994 . www.bd.fom.ru . FOM . ru .
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  96. Web site: Russian Election Watch, May 15, 1996 . May 15, 1996 . 2018-01-03 . https://web.archive.org/web/20000127204701/http://ksgnotes1.harvard.edu/BCSIA/Library.nsf/pubs/RE21. 2000-01-27 .

This article is licensed under the GNU Free Documentation License. It uses material from the Wikipedia article "Opinion polling for the 1996 Russian presidential election".

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