| Conflict: | Operation Mongoose |
| Partof: | the War in Afghanistan (2001–2021) (Operation Enduring Freedom) |
| Date: | 27[1] or 28[2] January – 10 or 11 February 2003 (possibly longer) (two weeks)[3] |
| Place: | Adi Ghar Mountains, Spin Boldak District, Kandahar Province, Afghanistan |
| Result: | ISAF/Afghan victory
|
| Combatant1: | ISAF United States Norway Transitional Islamic State of Afghanistan |
| Combatant2: | Hezb-e Islami Gulbuddin Taliban al-Qaeda |
| Commander1: | Lt. Col. Charlie Flynn |
| Commander2: | Gulbuddin Hekmatyar |
| Units1: | United States Armed Forces Special Forces 82nd Airborne Division
|
| Units2: | Insurgent militias |
| Strength1: | 300-350 soldiers[6] [7] Militia fighters B-1 bombers AC-130 Spectre gunships AH-64 Apache attack helicopters CH-47 Chinook helicopters F-16s[8] |
| Strength2: | 80 fighters (coalition estimate)[9] [10] |
| Casualties1: | None |
| Casualties2: | 22 killed, 13 captured [11] 18 reported killed during the Battle in the Adi Ghar Mountains[12] |
Operation Mongoose was an American-led two week cave clearing operation in the Adi Ghar Mountains near the town of Spin Boldak in Kandahar Province. Launched on the 28 January 2003, over 350 US and coalition soldiers along with Afghan militia fighters, assisted by Apache helicopters and Norwegian F-16 fighter jets[7] participated with the objective of searching through and destroying caves used by Hezb-e Islami, Taliban and al-Qaeda operatives.[3] [8] [7] By the end of the operation, over 75 caves had been cleared.
On the 27 January, a patrol of US Special Forces accompanied by Afghan militia fighters came under small arms fire while clearing a compound approximately 13 kilometers north of Spin Boldak at 11:00 am. The US and Afghan forces returned fire; after the small skirmish, one enemy was dead, another wounded, and a third was captured. After interrogation, the captured fighter claimed that 80 fighters were hiding in the Adi Ghar Mountains. Wanting to verify these claims, the US Special Forces dispatched two Apache helicopters. It took them 26 minutes to reach the area, and upon receiving fire the Apaches called for assistance from B-1B bombers, AC-130 Spectre gunships and Norwegian F-16s, making it the first time the Norwegian Air Force had seen combat since World War II.[9] On the ground, a joint force of at least 350, including US soldiers from the 82nd Airborne Division and Special Forces, alongside coalition and Afghan militia troops were called to the area to participate in the operation. The fighting lasted into the next day with the battle ending about 12 hours after the initial engagement. US and Norwegian aircraft dropped 19 2,000 pound bombs and two guided 500 pound bombs.[13] [9] At least 18 fighters loyal to Gulbuddin Hekmatyar were reported killed with no coalition casualties. The battle was described as the largest since Operation Anaconda.[5] [14] [12]