2018 Ontario general election explained

Election Name:2018 Ontario general election
Country:Ontario
Type:parliamentary
Ongoing:no
Party Colour:no
Party Name:no
Previous Election:2014 Ontario general election
Previous Year:2014
Outgoing Members:41st Legislative Assembly of Ontario
Elected Members:42nd Legislative Assembly of Ontario
Next Election:2022 Ontario general election
Next Year:2022
Seats For Election:124 seats of the Legislative Assembly of Ontario
Majority Seats:63
Opinion Polls:
  1. Opinion polls
Turnout:56.67% (5.38pp)[1]
Image1:Douglas Robert Ford 2018.jpg
Image1 Size:175x175px
Leader1:Doug Ford
Leader Since1:March 10, 2018
Leaders Seat1:Etobicoke North
Last Election1:28 seats, 31.25%
Seats Before1:27
Seats1:76
Seat Change1:49
Popular Vote1:2,326,632
Percentage1:40.50%
Swing1:9.25pp
Image2 Size:175x175px
Leader2:Andrea Horwath
Leader Since2:March 7, 2009
Leaders Seat2:Hamilton Centre
Last Election2:21 seats, 23.75%
Seats Before2:18
Seats2:40
Seat Change2:22
Popular Vote2:1,929,649
Percentage2:33.59%
Swing2:9.84pp
Image4:Hon Kathleen Wynne MPP Premier of Ontario (cropped2).jpg
Image4 Size:175x175px
Leader4:Kathleen Wynne
Leader Since4:January 26, 2013
Leaders Seat4:Don Valley West
Last Election4:58 seats, 38.65%
Seats Before4:55
Seats4:7
Seat Change4:48
Popular Vote4:1,124,218
Percentage4:19.57%
Swing4:19.08pp
Image5:Mike Schreiner 4431 (37439753570) (cropped2).jpg
Image5 Size:175x175px
Leader5:Mike Schreiner
Leader Since5:May 16, 2009
Leaders Seat5:Guelph
Last Election5:0 seats, 4.84%
Seats Before5:0
Seats5:1
Seat Change5:1
Popular Vote5:264,487
Percentage5:4.60%
Swing5:0.24pp
Map Size:350px
Premier
Posttitle:Premier after election
Before Election:Kathleen Wynne
After Election:Doug Ford

The 2018 Ontario general election was held on June 7, 2018, to elect the 124 members of the 42nd Parliament of Ontario.[2] The Progressive Conservative Party of Ontario, led by Doug Ford, won 76 of the 124 seats in the legislature and formed a majority government. The Ontario New Democratic Party, led by Andrea Horwath, formed the Official Opposition. The Ontario Liberal Party, led by incumbent Premier Kathleen Wynne, lost official party status in recording both the worst result in the party's 161-year history and the worst result for any incumbent governing party in Ontario. The Green Party of Ontario won a seat for the first time in their history, while the Trillium Party of Ontario lost its single seat gained by a floor-crossing during the 41st Parliament.

Background

Redistribution of seats

The Electoral Boundaries Act, 2015[3] increased the number of electoral districts from 107 to 122, following the boundaries set out by the federal 2013 Representation Order for Ontario, while preserving the special boundaries of the 11 seats in Northern Ontario set out in the 1996 redistribution.

The Far North Electoral Boundaries Commission, appointed in 2016,[4] recommended the creation of the additional districts of Kiiwetinoong and Mushkegowuk—James Bay, carved out from the existing Kenora—Rainy River and Timmins—James Bay ridings, which accordingly raised the total number of seats to 124.[5] [6] This was implemented through the Representation Statute Law Amendment Act, 2017.[7]

The new districts have been criticized as undemocratic, as they have a population of around 30,000 people compared with over 120,000 people in some southern Ontario constituencies. National Post columnist Josh Dehaas suggested that the small population sizes of the ridings might violate the Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms.[8]

In September 2017, a research firm analyzed the impact of redistribution if the boundaries had been in effect for the previous election.[9]

Change of fixed election date

Under legislation passed in 2005, Ontario elections were to be held on "the first Thursday in October in the fourth calendar year following polling day in the most recent general election", subject to the Lieutenant-Governor of Ontario's power to call an election earlier.[10] As the current government had a majority, the passage of a non-confidence motion was not a likely option for calling an early election, though Premier Kathleen Wynne stated in June 2015 that she would likely advise to dissolve the Legislature in spring 2018 rather than in October of that year in order to avoid any conflict with municipal elections and take advantage of better weather and longer days.[11]

To put this on a statutory footing, in October 2016 Attorney General of Ontario Yasir Naqvi introduced a bill in the Legislative Assembly which, in part, included moving the election date to "the first Thursday in June in the fourth calendar year following polling day in the most recent general election",[2] and it came into effect in December 2016.[12]

Prelude to campaign

The Ontario Liberal Party attempted to win their fifth consecutive general election, dating back to 2003. The Progressive Conservative Party of Ontario won their first election since 1999, and the Ontario New Democratic Party attempted to win their second election (having previously won in 1990). Numerous other extra-parliamentary political parties also vied for votes.

The Liberals under Kathleen Wynne headed into the 2018 campaign trailing far behind the Progressive Conservatives, led by former Toronto City Councillor Doug Ford. The Liberals' standing with voters had been badly hurt when they partially privatized Hydro One in 2015, after campaigning against it in the 2014 election, as well as rising criticism over "ballooning provincial debt, high electricity prices and costly, politically expedient decisions".[13] [14] In early April, the CBC published their analysis of aggregate polls showing that Ford and the Progressive Conservatives were ahead of the other parties averaging 42.1% support, compared to 27.2% for the governing Liberals, 23.4% for the NDP and 5.7% for the Greens[15] and with 11 Liberal MPPs announcing they would not be running for re-election or having already resigned their seats in the months leading up to the election.[16]

According to Wynne, voters were offered a "stark choice", between "cutting and removing supports from people" with "billions in cuts", which she alleged the Progressive Conservatives would do if they won the election, and expanding investments in social programs such as prescription drugs and childcare, which the Liberal platform promised.[17]

In March 2018, the Liberals tabled a pre-election budget in the provincial legislature which promised billions of dollars in new spending for free childcare and expanded coverage for dental care but replaced the government's previous balanced budget with a $6.7 billion deficit projected to last until 2024–2025.[18] PC leader Doug Ford called the budget a "spending spree".[19]

Mood of the voters

According to Toronto Star columnist Susan Delacourt, voters were motivated by a desire for changesuch desire being more driven by emotion than by ideologyand one researcher estimated that more than half of the electorate was undecided in who they were likely to vote for.[20] The Huffington Post reported that half of voters were basing their vote intentions on how best to block the party they oppose.[21]

In February 2018, Campaign Research conducted a gap analysis on voter intentions in Ontario, and determined the following:

Voter gap analysis by party (February 2018)[22]
Liberal PC NDP Highlights
  • PCs had the lowest proportion of respondents (51%) not willing to vote for them at all, while the Liberals had the highest such proportion (64%)
  • At 13%, the Liberals' "hard support" was only half that for the PCs
  • For PCs, the strength of "hard support" increases with age, and older demographics tend to be more reliable voters
  • Conversely, such support for the Liberals and NDP significantly declines with age, with almost ¾ of those aged 55+ not willing to vote for them at all
= Not voting for party; not considered = Not voting for party; shared consideration = Not voting for party; exclusive consideration = Will vote for party; others considered = Will vote for party; no others considered

Events leading up to the election (2014–2018)

Date
June 12, 2014The Liberal Party under Kathleen Wynne wins a majority government in the 41st Ontario general election. Progressive Conservative leader Tim Hudak announces his intention to step down following the selection of his successor.[23]
July 2, 2014Tim Hudak resigns as leader of the Progressive Conservatives.[24] Simcoe—Grey MPP Jim Wilson is named interim leader.[25]
July 24, 2014The Liberals pass their May 1 budget in its final reading.
May 9, 2015Patrick Brown, the Conservative federal MP for Barrie, is elected leader of the Progressive Conservative Party.[26]
September 24, 2015Ontario Provincial Police lay charges in relation to the Sudbury by-election scandal.[27]
November 1, 2016Ontario Provincial Police announce charges under the provincial act against Gerry Lougheed and Patricia Sorbara (CEO and director of the 2018 Liberal campaign) for alleged bribery during a 2015 byelection.[28] Sorbara announced that she will step down from the campaign.[29]
January 24, 2018CTV News reports that Progressive Conservative Party leader Patrick Brown is accused by two women of committing sexual misconduct. Brown denies the allegations.[30]
January 25, 2018Patrick Brown resigns as leader of the Progressive Conservative Party.[31] [32]
January 26, 2018Progressive Conservative Party caucus chooses Nipissing MPP Vic Fedeli as interim leader.[33]
March 10, 2018Doug Ford is elected leader of the Progressive Conservatives on the third ballot of the party's leadership election.[34] Fedeli continues as Leader of the Opposition for legislative purposes until the election due to Ford not having a seat in the Legislature.[35]
April 11, 2018First Leaders Debate hosted by the Jamaican Canadian Association. Andrea Horwath, Mike Schreiner, and Premier Kathleen Wynne were in attendance.[36]
April 16, 2018The Ontario NDP release their full election platform.[37]
May 7, 2018First televised debate hosted by CityNews: Toronto-focused debate with Ford, Horwath and Wynne[38]
May 9, 2018Electoral Writ issued.[39]
May 11, 2018Leaders' debate in Parry Sound.[40]
May 17, 2018Candidate nominations close at 2 PM local time.[41]
May 26, 2018Advance voting starts at voting locations and returning offices.[42] [43]
May 27, 2018Second televised debate, moderated by Steve Paikin and Farah Nasser, held at the Canadian Broadcasting Centre in Toronto and aired on CBC, CTV, Global, TVO, CPAC, CHCH and other outlets. Attended by Wynne, Ford, and Horwath.[44]
May 30, 2018Advance voting ends at advance voting locations.
June 1, 2018Advance voting ends at returning offices.
June 2, 2018Premier Wynne concedes that the Liberals will not win the election.[45] [46]
June 6, 2018Special ballot voting at returning office or through home visit ends at 6:00 PM EST.
June 7, 2018Election day. Fixed-date of the 2018 provincial election.

Campaign period

Issues

2018 Ontario election – issues and respective party platforms[47] [48] [49] [50] [51] [52]
Issue align="center" width="30%"Liberal align="center" width="30%"PC align="center" width="30%"NDP
Budget
  • Standing by its last budget's assertion of six consecutive deficits, with a return to balance in 2024–25
  • Conduct a value-for-money audit of the government's spending
  • Conduct an independent commission of inquiry into the previous government's spending
  • Centralize government purchasing
  • Increase the Risk Management Program limit by $50 million annually
  • Eliminate the Jobs and Prosperity fund
  • There will be five consecutive deficits of between $5billion and $2billion.
Child care
  • Publicly-funded child care for all Ontarians aged two-and-a-half to junior kindergarten age, regardless of income
  • Fund a sliding scale of tax rebates, providing up to $6,750 per child under 15 and giving low-income families as much as 75% of their child-care costs
  • Income-based scale for child care, providing publicly-funded child care for families earning under $40,000 annually and public funding to reduce the cost of childcare to an average of $12 per day cost for those making over $40,000
Education
  • Modernize the curriculum and assessment of schools, from kindergarten to grade 12
  • $3billion in capital grants over 10 years to post-secondary institutions
  • Replace the present curricula for sex education
  • Return to traditional mathematics education
  • Ban cell phones in all primary and secondary school classrooms
  • Limit funding to postsecondary institutions that do not respect free speech
  • Make mathematics training mandatory in teachers’ college
  • Increase funding for children with autism by $38 million
  • $16billion in spending over 10 years on infrastructure and repairs at Ontario's schools
  • Cap kindergarten class sizes at 26 students
  • Abolish standardized EQAO testing
  • Give OSAP-qualified students non-repayable grants instead of loans
  • Remove interest from existing student loans and apply interest that has already been paid to the loan principal
Environment
  • Hire more conservation officers
  • Create an emissions-reduction fund to subsidize new technologies that reduce emissions
  • Increase funding for cleaning up garbage
  • Divert at least 25% of cap-and-trade revenue to help northern, rural and low-income Ontarians adapt to a lower-carbon lifestyle
  • Spend $50million on a home-efficiency retrofit program
Healthcare
  • Create 30,000 new long-term care beds by 2028
  • Create a publicly-funded universal pharmacare program for seniors
  • Hire 400 new mental health workers in schools
  • Create 30,000 new long-term care beds by 2028
  • Increase funding for mental health
  • Increase funding for autism treatment by $125million per year
  • Create a publicly-funded universal pharmacare program for everyone that covers approximately 125 medications
  • Create 40,000 new long-term care beds by 2028
  • Create 2,000 new hospital beds
  • Hire 4,500 new nurses
Electricity
  • Standing by its 2017 plan to defer rate increases through current borrowing
  • Will proceed to sell the Province's remaining 60% interest in Hydro One
  • Cut rates by 12%, over and above the Liberals' current 25% reduction
  • Fire the CEO and Board of Hydro One
  • Cancel energy contracts that are in the pre-construction stage
  • Return Hydro One to 100% public ownership
  • Reduce rates by 30%
  • End time-of-use pricing
Regulation
  • Increase the minimum wage to $15 per hour in 2019
  • End geographic price variations in car insurance rates
  • Increase the minimum wage to $15 per hour in 2019
  • Allow illegal immigrants to access all government services and do not enforce federal immigration laws against them
  • Impose price controls on gasoline
Taxation
  • Proceed with last budget's simplification of rate structure for personal income tax
  • Raise taxes on cigarettes by $4 per carton
  • Increase taxes on people making over $95,000 per year
  • Reduce middle-class income tax rates by 20%
  • Eliminate income tax entirely for minimum-wage earners
  • Repeal the present cap and trade program
  • Challenge the federal carbon tax in court
  • Reduce the small business income tax rate by 8.7%
  • Reduce gasoline taxes by 10¢ per litre
  • Reduce diesel taxes by 10.3¢ per litre
  • Reduce the corporate income tax rate from 11.5% to 10.5%
  • Reduce aviation fuel taxes for Northern Ontario flights
  • Exempt the Royal Canadian Legion from being charged property tax
  • Raise corporate tax rate from 11.5% to 13%
  • Raise income taxes on people earning over $220,000 by 1%
  • Raise income taxes on people earning over $300,000 by 2%
Transportation
  • Fund $79billion for various public-transit projects over 14 years
  • Build a Toronto-to-Windsor high-speed rail line
  • Fund an expansion of light rail O-Train in Ottawa
  • $5billion in extra funding for new subways in Toronto
  • Upload ownership and construction of subway lines from the municipal government to the provincial government
  • Build the Relief Line subway line
  • Build the Yonge Extension subway line
  • Build future crosstown expansions underground
  • Expand all-day two-way GO service Bowmanville and Kitchener
  • Finish construction of the Niagara GO Expansion
  • Restore operations of the Northlander in Northern Ontario
  • Fund an expansion of light rail O-Train in Ottawa
  • Ensure that the Scarborough Subway Extension to the Scarborough Town Centre will have three stops
  • Build the Sheppard Loop with the Scarborough Subway Extension

Party slogans

Party English French Translation of French (unofficial)
"Care over cuts"[54]
"For the People"[55]
"Change for the better"[56] "Changeons pour le mieux"[57] Let's change for the better
"People Powered Change"[58]
"The Party of Choice"[59]

Endorsements

Endorsements received by each party
TypeLiberalPCNDPGreenNo endorsement
Media
Politicians and public figures
Unions and business associations
  • Ontario Convenience Stores Association[83]
  • Ottawa Police Association[84]
  • United Steelworkers Local 2251[85]

Candidates

See also: Candidates of the 2018 Ontario general election.

Candidate nominations

In February 2018, the PC leadership overturned the nomination of candidates Karma Macgregor in Ottawa West—Nepean and Thenusha Parani in Scarborough Centre because of irregularities and allegations of ballot stuffing at their nomination meetings.[90] Both candidates denied these claims.[91] The nomination meetings were reorganized, and both candidates lost the nomination at those meetings. However, the PC leadership decided not to overturn the nomination meeting's result in Hamilton West—Ancaster—Dundas, where a similar situation took place, because of an ongoing police investigation on this situation.[92]

In March 2018, the NDP nominated Lyra Evans as their candidate in Ottawa—Vanier. Evans was the first openly transgender candidate nominated by a major party to run in an Ontario general election.[93] [94]

Incumbents not running for reelection

Electoral DistrictIncumbent at dissolution and subsequent nomineeNew MPP
Brant (now Brantford—Brant) Dave Levac[95] Ruby Toor Will Bouma
Glengarry—Prescott—Russell Grant CrackPierre Leroux Amanda Simard
Guelph Liz SandalsSly Castaldi Mike Schreiner
Kenora—Rainy River Sarah Campbell[96] Glen Archer Greg Rickford
Kitchener—Conestoga Michael Harris[97] – Mike Harris Jr.
London North Centre Deb Matthews[98] Kate Graham Terence Kernaghan
Markham—Unionville Michael Chan[99] Amanda Yeung Collucci Billy Pang
Parkdale—High Park Cheri DiNovo[100] Bhutila Karpoche Bhutila Karpoche
Mississauga—Erindale Harinder Takhar[101] Riding dissolved
Pickering—Scarborough East Tracy MacCharlesRiding dissolved
Scarborough Centre Brad Duguid[102] Mazhar Shafiq Christina Mitas
Simcoe North Patrick Brown[103] – Jill Dunlop
Welland (now Niagara Centre) Cindy Forster[104] [105] Jeff Burch Jeff Burch
York Centre Monte Kwinter[106] Ramon Estaris Roman Baber
York—Simcoe Julia Munro[107] Caroline Mulroney Caroline Mulroney
York West (now Humber River—Black Creek) Mario Sergio[108] Deanna Sgro Tom Rakocevic

Results

See also: Candidates of the Ontario general election, 2018.

↓
764071
Progressive ConservativeNew DemocraticLiberalG

Elections Ontario used electronic vote tabulator machines from Dominion Voting Systems for counting the ballots. Tabulators were deployed at 50 per cent of polling stations at a cost of .[109] [110] This election was the first time Ontario used vote counting machines for a provincial election, although tabulators have been used in Ontario civic elections for more than 20 years, and also in a 2016 by-election in Whitby-Oshawa.The original paper ballots marked by voters will be kept for a year along with the digital scans of each ballot by the tabulator.

PartyVotesSeats
2,326,632 9.25pp
1,929,649 9.84pp
1,124,218 19.08pp
264,487 0.24pp

Synopsis of results

Results by riding - 2018 Ontario general election[111]
RidingWinning partyTurnout
[112] 		Votes[113]
PartyVotesShareMargin
#		Margin
%		PCNDPLibGreenOtherTotal
 
AjaxPC19,07839.1%3,9488.1%54.6%19,07815,13012,6071,22422060148,860
Algoma—ManitoulinNDP17,10558.6%9,96234.1%53.1%7,14317,1052,3651,025 - 1,57329,211
Aurora—Oak Ridges—Richmond HillPC25,21456.0%15,49634.4%55.4%25,2149,7188,1161,195 - 75544,998
Barrie—InnisfilPC22,12150.0%9,46021.4%54.3%22,12112,6615,5433,190 - 75744,272
Barrie—Springwater—Oro-MedontePC20,44544.7%7,55416.5%57.0%20,44512,8916,2105,35433545445,689
Bay of QuintePC24,22448.0%8,16116.2%56.5%24,22416,0637,5111,73037953550,442
Beaches—East YorkNDP24,06448.2%10,58421.2%61.2%9,20224,06413,4802,12816187949,914
Brampton CentreNDP12,89238.4%890.3%50.3%12,80312,8925,8251,053 - 1,02533,598
Brampton EastNDP18,06246.9%5,16613.4%51.2%12,89618,0626,398523 - 61638,495
Brampton NorthNDP14,87737.5%4971.3%51.7%14,38014,8778,4101,366 - 59139,624
Brampton SouthPC15,65241.0%2,7337.2%51.6%15,65212,9197,2121,472 - 91438,169
Brampton WestPC14,95139.4%4901.3%49.9%14,95114,4617,013999 - 53737,961
Brantford—BrantPC24,43739.4%6351.1%47.7%24,43723,8025,5532,741 - 1,65558,188
Bruce—Grey—Owen SoundPC26,87454.7%15,03730.6%57.2%26,87411,8376,0412,927 - 1,44949,129
BurlingtonPC25,50440.4%7,45111.8%58.4%25,50418,05315,5152,828 - 1,15563,055
CambridgePC17,79337.0%2,1544.5%63.4%17,79315,63911,1913,018 - 49048,131
CarletonPC25,79851.3%14,49028.8%55.2%25,79811,3089,7681,985911,30850,258
Chatham-Kent—LeamingtonPC24,07851.9%7,52016.2%62.0%24,07816,5583,7361,643358 - 46,373
DavenportNDP27,61360.3%19,05541.6%56.8%7,37027,6138,5581,6246958545,819
Don Valley EastLib13,01235.9%1,0282.8%55.2%11,9849,93713,012917 - 36736,217
Don Valley NorthPC18,04644.4%5,48913.5%53.8%18,0468,47612,5571,039 - 48940,607
Don Valley WestLib17,80238.9%1810.4%61.3%17,6218,62017,8021,268 - 46645,777
Dufferin—CaledonPC29,70453.1%18,32332.7%56.6%29,70411,3816,9727,011 - 88855,956
DurhamPC28,57547.0%9,32215.3%59.9%28,57519,25310,2372,360 - 38260,807
Eglinton—LawrencePC19,99940.4%9571.9%60.1%19,9998,98519,0421,190 - 31149,527
Elgin—Middlesex—LondonPC29,26455.5%12,34123.4%59.4%29,26416,9233,8572,029 - 69452,767
EssexNDP26,13447.9%2,7115.0%56.1%23,42326,1343,0261,920 -  - 54,503
Etobicoke CentrePC24,43243.0%4,7248.3%61.9%24,43210,31119,7081,32916288356,825
Etobicoke—LakeshorePC22,62638.3%3,2255.5%58.6%22,62619,40114,3052,138 - 52358,993
Etobicoke NorthPC19,05552.5%9,84527.1%50.6%19,0559,2106,6011,026 - 41436,306
Flamborough—GlanbrookPC22,45443.5%4,8249.4%60.6%22,45417,6307,9672,307 - 1,23051,588
Glengarry—Prescott—RussellPC19,95241.0%4,5439.3%55.4%19,95210,61015,4091,427 - 1,29248,690
GuelphGrn29,08245.0%14,99823.4%61.1%14,08413,9296,53729,082 - 94564,577
Haldimand—NorfolkPC28,88957.1%15,28030.2%59.2%28,88913,6094,6562,095 - 1,34450,593
Haliburton—Kawartha Lakes—BrockPC32,40656.7%17,26430.2%59.7%32,40615,1425,6552,551 - 1,38957,143
Hamilton CentreNDP23,86665.2%18,13649.6%48.9%5,73023,8663,9822,102156739 36,575
Hamilton East—Stoney CreekNDP22,51851.1%9,83422.3%53.1%12,68422,5185,3201,884 - 1,61444,020
Hamilton MountainNDP24,40654.6%11,51525.8%56.2%12,89124,4064,1342,300 - 98644,717
Hamilton West—Ancaster—DundasNDP23,92143.2%6,73212.2%62.3%17,18923,92110,9602,30224777155,390
Hastings—Lennox and AddingtonPC22,37450.2%7,93317.8%59.1%22,37414,4415,1801,924 - 60244,521
Humber River—Black CreekNDP11,57337.4%2,2067.1%47.3%9,36711,5738,642485 - 86230,929
Huron—BrucePC27,64652.4%12,32023.3%63.5%27,64615,3267,3561,804 - 67052,802
Kanata—CarletonPC23,08943.2%7,49714.0%62.3%23,08915,5929,0902,827 - 2,85553,453
Kenora—Rainy RiverPC9,74848.6%2,25511.2%54.1%9,7487,4932,123707 -  - 20,071
KiiwetinoongNDP3,23249.9%1,46722.7%45.8%1,7653,232983406 - 916,477
King—VaughanPC29,13656.6%17,12433.3%55.5%29,1367,92112,0121,754 - 63851,461
Kingston and the IslandsNDP21,78839.2%6,47611.6%57.3%14,51221,78815,3123,574 - 45855,644
Kitchener CentreNDP20,51243.4%7,43215.7%58.3%13,08020,5129,4993,234 - 95547,280
Kitchener—ConestogaPC17,00539.6%6861.6%59.9%17,00516,3196,0352,853 - 76242,974
Kitchener South—HespelerPC16,51138.9%7701.8%55.8%16,51115,7416,3353,19827542342,483
Lambton—Kent—MiddlesexPC27,90658.3%11,10822.0%60.8%27,90616,8003,1431,660 - 91550,424
Lanark—Frontenac—KingstonPC26,19452.0%10,85521.6%62.0%26,19415,3395,3592,41044060150,343
Leeds—Grenville—Thousand Islands and Rideau LakesPC30,00261.3%20,31441.5%60.2%30,0029,6886,5432,347 - 38948,969
London—FanshaweNDP25,27255.7%11,75325.9%49.6%13,51925,2723,7972,050 - 75345,391
London North CentreNDP25,75747.6%9,05616.7%54.9%16,70125,7578,5012,493 - 66154,113
London WestNDP32,64455.3%15,51126.3%60.6%17,13332,6445,8472,211 - 1,16158,996
Markham—StouffvillePC25,91248.1%11,90522.1%58.6%25,91210,99714,0072,153 - 77753,846
Markham—ThornhillPC18,94350.4%9,78326.0%52.2%18,9438,0109,160859 - 57637,548
Markham—UnionvillePC29,30562.4%20,84944.4%54.7%29,3057,7788,456996 - 40546,940
MiltonPC18,24941.7%5,18511.8%56.1%18,2499,74013,0642,200 - 53643,789
Mississauga CentrePC17,86040.9%5,81413.3%49.8%17,86012,04611,1021,149 - 1,55343,710
Mississauga East—CooksvillePC17,86241.1%4,73910.9%51.5%17,8629,87113,1231,498 - 1,05143,405
Mississauga—Erin MillsPC19,63141.6%6,61014.0%55.1%19,63113,02111,9651,296 - 1,26547,178
Mississauga—LakeshorePC22,52042.3%3,88414.0%59.3%22,5209,73518,6361,572 - 73653,199
Mississauga—MaltonPC14,71239.1%2,3616.3%48.4%14,71212,3517,8136741,18787437,611
Mississauga—StreetsvillePC20,87943.5%8,48617.7%55.5%20,87912,39312,3441,349 - 99947,964
Mushkegowuk—James BayNDP4,82751.8%2,03221.8%54.0%2,7954,8271,332167 - 2039,324
NepeanPC23,89945.1%8,78916.6%58.7%23,89915,11010,3832,739 - 82652,957
Newmarket—AuroraPC24,81347.7%12,40823.9%59.0%24,81312,40511,8401,85944764952,013
Niagara CentreNDP21,61844.2%3,2856.7%56.1%18,33321,6185,7791,8032171,12448,874
Niagara FallsNDP30,16150.8%9,03515.2%54.6%21,12630,1615,5542,057 - 48359,381
Niagara WestPC24,39452.8%10,62523.0%63.3%24,39413,7694,8592,590 - 57846,190
Nickel BeltNDP23,15763.5%15,13941.5%55.4%8,01823,1573,1821,137 - 97336,467
NipissingPC17,59849.9%4,60413.1%58.2%17,59812,9942,794997 - 86035,243
Northumberland—Peterborough SouthPC27,38645.3%12,58220.8%64.6%27,38614,80414,6032,740 - 89060,423
OakvillePC24,83743.7%4,5107.9%62.5%24,8379,42420,3271,986 - 29756,871
Oakville North—BurlingtonPC25,69146.4%12,19522.0%60.2%25,69113,49613,4872,052 - 62555,351
OrléansLib24,97239.0%2,4633.8%62.8%22,50914,03324,9721,60343539863,950
OshawaNDP24,30144.9%1,7073.2%54.6%22,59424,3014,2781,957 - 1,01354,143
Ottawa CentreNDP29,67546.1%8,56413.3%61.2%10,32729,67521,1112,266 - 1,02464,403
Ottawa SouthLib20,77339.6%5,45410.4%56.9%15,31914,25020,7731,618 - 45652,416
Ottawa—VanierLib20,55542.9%6,32313.2%51.5%10,25214,23220,5551,955 - 96447,958
Ottawa West—NepeanPC16,59032.8%1750.3%57.0%16,59016,41514,8101,937 - 79350,545
OxfordPC29,15255.7%13,23525.3%59.2%29,15215,9173,6202,2543351,03352,311
Parkdale—High ParkNDP32,40759.4%22,58641.4%62.4%9,82132,4079,2712,544 - 50654,549
Parry Sound—MuskokaPC22,66248.1%12,27726.0%59.2%22,66210,3854,0719,43821936847,143
Perth—WellingtonPC23,73650.7%9,35120.0%60.3%23,73614,3855,0622,746 - 91446,843
Peterborough—KawarthaPC22,90437.7%2,3863.9%62.7%22,90420,51814,9462,024 - 39860,790
Pickering—UxbridgePC22,44742.2%5,41410.2%58.9%22,44717,03310,8512,10537338453,193
Renfrew—Nipissing—PembrokePC33,35069.2%25,28452.5%59.7%33,3508,0664,7011,436 - 64648,199
Richmond HillPC22,22451.2%10,11623.3%52.2%22,2247,49012,1081,248 - 30143,371
St. CatharinesNDP18,91136.6%1,5583.0%58.1%17,35318,91112,6711,923 - 79251,650
Sarnia—LambtonPC26,81152.7%7,81615.4%60.9%26,81118,9952,2461,8567185150,830
Sault Ste. MariePC13,49842.0%4141.3%54.5%13,49813,0843,1991,044 - 1,29232,117
Scarborough—AgincourtPC18,58250.4%8,15322.1%51.3%18,5826,43410,42963518960236,871
Scarborough CentrePC15,26638.4%2,0195.1%53.2%15,26613,2478,791919 - 1,48139,704
Scarborough—GuildwoodLib11,97233.3%740.2%52.9%11,8989,91711,972878661,17435,905
Scarborough NorthPC17,41351.0%9,09326.7%50.8%17,4138,3207,519543 - 31834,113
Scarborough—Rouge ParkPC16,22438.6%9632.3%55.5%16,22415,2618,7851,014 - 73142,015
Scarborough SouthwestNDP19,83545.7%6,27014.4%56.0%13,56519,8358,2281,174 - 64143,443
Simcoe—GreyPC34,09455.9%20,65033.9%57.1%34,09413,4448,7804,192 - 45360,963
Simcoe NorthPC25,23646.9%10,15818.9%58.9%25,23615,0789,5233,632 - 32053,789
Spadina—Fort YorkNDP24,67749.6%12,90726.0%53.4%10,83424,67711,7701,815 - 63549,731
Stormont—Dundas—South GlengarryPC26,78061.5%17,36439.9%54.1%26,7809,4165,3861,596 - 36043,538
SudburyNDP17,38648.1%8,98124.8%54.2%8,40517,3868,1081,5048268236,167
ThornhillPC28,88961.1%19,75541.8%56.2%28,8899,1346,9851,043 - 1,20847,259
Thunder Bay—AtikokanNDP11,79336.3%810.3%54.7%7,55511,79311,712880 - 58532,525
Thunder Bay—Superior NorthLib11,97339.9%8132.7%53.8%5,39511,16011,973838 - 66930,035
Timiskaming—CochraneNDP16,80661.2%10,64638.8%53.1%6,16016,8062,476723 - 1,29627,461
TimminsNDP8,97857.4%4,34427.8%48.1%4,6348,9781,378273 - 37015,633
Toronto CentreNDP23,68853.7%11,70226.5%54.3%6,23423,68811,9861,377 - 86344,148
Toronto—DanforthNDP32,93864.2%24,80748.4%61.6%8,13132,9387,2162,24822850851,269
Toronto—St. Paul'sNDP18,84336.0%1,3452.6%60.7%13,78018,84317,4981,690 - 59152,402
University—RosedaleNDP24,53749.7%13,63927.6%56.6%10,43124,53710,8982,65222067449,412
Vaughan—WoodbridgePC21,68750.5%7,94518.5%56.0%21,6876,25413,742972 - 29142,946
WaterlooNDP27,31550.5%10,34219.1%61.8%16,97327,3156,5772,613 - 56654,044
Wellington—Halton HillsPC31,65954.0%17,57230.0%61.1%31,65914,0877,4925,066 - 32058,624
WhitbyPC26,47145.8%5,3139.2%60.3%26,47121,1587,4411,958 - 76857,796
WillowdalePC17,73243.6%6,91717.0%50.5%17,73210,48110,81593223345340,646
Windsor—TecumsehNDP25,22158.4%13,54431.4%47.8%11,67725,2213,5131,909863 - 43,183
Windsor WestNDP20,27652.1%9,20323.7%43.3%11,07320,2765,7221,393 - 43538,899
York CentrePC18,43450.1%9,81726.7%52.9%18,4348,6177,865843 - 1,00236,761
York—SimcoePC26,05057.3%15,39533.8%54.9%26,05010,6556,1822,195 - 40945,491
York South—WestonNDP13,45536.1%1,1653.1%49.2%12,29013,45510,379946 - 22837,298

Detailed results and analysis

[114] [115] [116] |-! colspan=2 rowspan=2 | Political party! rowspan=2 | Party leader! colspan=5 | MPPs! colspan=3 | Votes|-! Candidates!2014!Dissol.!2018!±!#!%! ± (pp)|style="text-align:left;"|Doug Ford|124|28|27|76|48|2,326,523|40.19%|9.08|style="text-align:left;"|Andrea Horwath|124|21|18|40|19|1,929,966|33.34%|9.68|style="text-align:left;"|Kathleen Wynne|124|58|55|7|51|1,124,346|19.42%|19.10|style="text-align:left;"|Mike Schreiner|124| - | - |1|1|264,519|4.57%|0.31|style="text-align:left;"|Allen Small|117| - | - | - | - |42,822|0.74%|0.04|style="text-align:left;"|Greg Vezina|42| - | - | - | - |16,146|0.28%|0.20| colspan="2" style="text-align:left;"|Independents and no affiliation|32| - |2| - | - |8,226|0.14%|0.06|style="text-align:left;"|Bob Yaciuk|26| - |1| - | - |8,091|0.14%|0.13|style="text-align:left;"|Trevor Holliday|10| - | - | - | - |5,912|0.10%|0.08|style="text-align:left;"|Brad Harness|10| - | - | - | - |2,682|0.05%||style="text-align:left;"|Paul McKeever|14| - | - | - | - |2,565|0.04%|0.20|style="text-align:left;"|Jason Tysick|5| - | - | - | - |2,316|0.04%||style="text-align:left;"|Yuri Duboisky|16| - | - | - | - |2,199|0.04%|0.03|style="text-align:left;"|Dave McKee|12| - | - | - | - |1,471|0.03%|0.01|style="text-align:left;"|Bahman Yazdanfar|5| - | - | - | - |1,239|0.02%|0.01|style="text-align:left;"|Queenie Yu|3| - | - | - | - |1,078|0.02%||style="text-align:left;"|Joshua E. Eriksen|3| - | - | - | - |802|0.01%||style="text-align:left;"|Daryl Christoff|3| - | - | - | - |634|0.01%||style="text-align:left;"|Hilton Milan|5| - | - | - | - |631|0.01%||style="text-align:left;"|Kevin Clarke|6| - | - | - | - |628|0.01%|0.01|style="text-align:left;"|vacant|2| - | - | - | - |386|0.01%||style="text-align:left;"|Ken Ranney|2| - | - | - | - |340|0.01%||style="text-align:left;"|Patrick Knight|2| - | - | - | - |321|0.01%||style="text-align:left;"|Paul Figueiras|2| - | - | - | - |256| - |0.02|style="text-align:left;"|Arthur Smitherman|3| - | - | - | - |215| - ||style="text-align:left;"|Wasyl Luczkiw|2| - | - | - | - |191| - ||style="text-align:left;"|Derrick Matthews|2| - | - | - | - |176| - ||style="text-align:left;"|John Turmel|2| - | - | - | - |112| - ||style="text-align:left;"|Abu Alam|2| - | - | - | - |67| - || style="text-align:left;" colspan="4"|Vacant|4| colspan="5"||-|colspan="8" style="text-align:left;"|Blank and invalid ballots|align="right"|61,426|align="right"|1.06|align="right"||-style="background:#E9E9E9;"|colspan="3" style="text-align:left;"|Total|825|107|107|124||5,806,286|100.00%||-style="background:#E9E9E9;"|colspan="8" style="text-align:left;"|Registered voters / turnout|10,246,066|56.67%|5.38|}

Incumbents MPPs who lost their seats [117]

38 incumbent Liberal MPPs lost their re-election races, as well as a one Trillium party MPP.

!Constituency!Party!Name!Year first elected!Seat held by party since!Defeated by!Party
Ottawa CentreYasir Naqvi20071995Joel Harden
Ottawa West-NepeanBob Chiarelli2010 b.e.2003Jeremy Roberts
Kingston and the IslandsSophie Kiwala20141995Ian Arthur
Ann Hogarth ‡2014(new riding)Andrea Khanjin
Northumberland—Peterborough SouthLou Rinaldi ‡2014(previously served from 2003-2011)(new riding)David Piccini
Peterborough—KawarthaJeff Leal20032003Dave Smith
AjaxJoe Dickson‡ 2007(new riding)Rod Phillips
DurhamGranville Anderson20142014Lindsey Park
Brampton NorthHarinder Malhi2014(new riding)Kevin Yarde
Brampton WestVic Dhillon20032007 (riding created)Amarjot Sandhu
Mississauga East—CooksvilleDipika Damerla20112007 (riding created)Kaleed Rasheed
Mississauga—LakeshoreCharles Sousa20072007Rudy Cuzetto
Mississauga—MaltonAmrit Mangat2007(new riding)Deepak Anand
Mississauga—StreetsvilleBob Delaney20032007 (riding created)Nina Tangri
Markham—StouffvilleHelena Jaczek2007(new riding)Paul Calandra
Newmarket—AuroraChris Ballard20142014Christine Elliott
Richmond HillReza Moridi20072007 (riding created)Daisy Wai
Vaughan—WoodbridgeSteven Del Duca2012 b.e.(new riding)Michael Tibollo
Scarborough—AgincourtSoo Wong20111987 (riding created)Aris Babikian
Scarborough SouthwestLorenzo Berardinetti20032003Doly Begum
Eglinton—LawrenceMichael Colle19951999 (riding created)Robin Martin
WillowdaleDavid Zimmer20032003Stan Cho
Beaches—East YorkArthur Potts20142014Rima Berns-McGown
DavenportCristina Martins20142014Marit Stiles
Spadina—Fort YorkHan Dong2014(new riding)Chris Glover
Etobicoke CentreYvan Baker20142003Kinga Surma
Etobicoke—LakeshorePeter Milczyn20142014Christine Hogarth
Etobicoke NorthShafiq Qaadri20032003Doug Ford
York South—WestonLaura Albanese20072007Faisal Hassan
BurlingtonEleanor McMahon20142014Jane McKenna
MiltonIndira Naidoo-Harris2014(new riding)Parm Gill
OakvilleKevin Flynn20032003Stephen Crawford
Hamilton West—Ancaster—DundasTed McMeekin2000 b.e.(new riding)Sandy Shaw
St. CatharinesJim Bradley19771977Jennie Stevens
CambridgeKathryn McGarry20142014Belinda Karahalios
Kitchener CentreDaiene Vernile20142003Laura Mae Lindo
SudburyGlenn Thibeault2015 b.e.2015 b.e.Jamie West
Thunder Bay—AtikokanBill Mauro20031999 (riding created) Judith Monteith-Farrell
Kanata—CarletonJack MacLaren2011 (as a PC)2017 (floor crossing)Merrilee Fullerton
Principal races, according to 1st and 2nd-place results[118]
Parties Seats
90
22
1
11
Total124
Candidates ranked 1st to 5th place, by party
Parties 1st 2nd 3rd 4th 5th Total
76 37 11 124
40 61 23 124
7 26 88 3 124
1 2 117 4 124
1 77 78
20 20
2 10 12
1 10 11
8 8
5 5

Regional analysis

Elections to the Legislative Assembly of Ontario – seats won by region (2018)
Party Toronto 905 Belt Ham/Niagara Central East Midwest Southwest North Total
11216101194476
1147 226840
3   3  17
     1  1
Total2525131016121013124

Most marginal 2-way and 3-way contests

1st !! colspan="2"
2nd !1st vs 2nd
Scarborough—Guildwood33.3%33.1%0.2%
Thunder Bay—Atikokan36.2%36.0%0.2%
Brampton Centre38.4%38.1%0.3%
Ottawa West—Nepean32.8%32.5%0.3%
Don Valley West38.9%38.5%0.4%
Brantford—Brant42.0%40.9%1.1%
Brampton North37.5%36.3%1.2%
Sault Ste. Marie42.0%40.7%1.3%
Brampton West39.4%38.1%1.3%
Kitchener—Conestoga39.6%38.0%1.6%
1st !! colspan="2"
2nd !3rd 1st vs 3rd
Ottawa West—Nepean32.8%32.5%29.3%3.5%
Scarborough—Guildwood33.3%33.1%27.6%5.7%
York South—Weston36.1%33.0%27.8%8.3%
Don Valley East35.9%33.1%27.4%8.5%
Humber River—Black Creek37.4%30.3%27.9%9.5%
Toronto—St. Paul's36.0%33.4%26.3%9.7%
St. Catharines36.6%33.6%24.5%12.1%
Ottawa South39.6%29.2%27.2%12.4%
Thunder Bay—Atikokan36.2%36.0%23.2%13.0%
Kingston and the Islands39.2%27.5%26.1%13.1%

Significant results among independent and minor party candidates

Those candidates not belonging to a major party, receiving more than 1,000 votes in the election, are listed below:

Riding Party Candidates Votes Placed
Tommy Lee 1,366 4th
1,947 5th
Caroline Roach 1,187 4th
Matthew Dougherty 1,040 4th
Shawn Poirier 1,105 4th

Opinion polls

Campaign period

Best Premier and Party Leader Approval Ratings

DateFirmBest Premier ratingsApproval ratings
FordHorwathWynne
FordHorwathWynne
June 6, 2018Research Co. 36%55%54%34%29%64%
June 2, 2018Forum Research27%31%17%27%55%41%34%23%65%
June 2, 2018Abacus Data 25%48%42%20%21%56%
May 31, 2018Research Co.23%28%15%33%56%52%34%27%64%
May 29, 2018Forum Research29%30%16%30%53%40%32%23%65%
May 29, 2018Angus Reid25%34%15% 
May 29, 2018Innovative Research23%30%14%30%54%48%23%25%59%
May 26, 2018Abacus Data 27%45%44%15%19%60%
May 23, 2018Forum Research30%33%15%32%51%43%26%19%69%
May 23, 2018Innovative Research24%26%19%27%57%46%20%24%61%
May 22, 2018Leger23%28%12% 
May 18, 2018Abacus Data 26%46%42%13%17%60%
May 12, 2018Innovative Research24%26%16%31%52%44%17%21%62%
May 9, 2018Forum Research 34%49%42%25%20%71%

Major Regional Polls – Toronto

Polling firmLast date
of polling		LinkLibPCNDPGreOthPolling methodLead
Campaign Research HTML 27 35 32 5 2 ±2.3 pp 1,871 Online 3
Leaders' debate in Parry Sound (May 11, 2018)
PDF 31.1 36.6 23.1 5.9 3.4 ±2.19 pp 2,000 IVR 5.5
CityTV Toronto leaders' debate (May 7, 2018)

Pre-campaign period

Further reading

External links

Notes and References

  1. Web site: General Elections Statistics from the Records. https://web.archive.org/web/20190618154044/https://www.elections.on.ca/content/dam/NGW/sitecontent/2018/results/officialresults-yellowbook/electionstatisticsfromrecords/pdf/Provincial%20General%20Election%20Turnout%20-%201867%20to%20Present.pdf. dead. 2019-06-18. Elections Canada.
  2. News: Ferguson. Rob. Ontario moves election date to June 7, 2018. October 31, 2016. Toronto Star. October 19, 2016. May 7, 2021. https://web.archive.org/web/20210507171737/https://www.thestar.com/news/queenspark/2016/10/19/ontario-moves-election-date-to-june-7-2018.html. live.
  3. Electoral Boundaries Act, 2015. S.O.. 2015. 31. https://www.ontario.ca/laws/statute/s15031.
  4. as a result of the Election Statute Law Amendment Act, 2016. S.O.. 2016. 33. 36. https://www.ontario.ca/laws/statute/s16033.
  5. Web site: Report: Far North Electoral Boundaries Commission. . August 8, 2017. May 1, 2018. March 19, 2018. https://web.archive.org/web/20180319204331/https://www.attorneygeneral.jus.gov.on.ca/english/about/pubs/fnebc/. live.
  6. News: Benzie. Robert. Ontario to get 17 new ridings, including a constituency that is largely Indigenous. December 10, 2017. Toronto Star. August 8, 2017. December 6, 2017. https://web.archive.org/web/20171206135922/https://www.thestar.com/news/queenspark/2017/08/08/ontario-to-get-17-new-ridings-including-a-constituency-that-is-largely-indigenous.html. live.
  7. Representation Statute Law Amendment Act, 2017. S.O.. 2017. 18. https://www.ontario.ca/laws/statute/S17018.
  8. Web site: Ontario Liberals' plan for two new ridings could violate the Charter and cost PCs the election. National Post. January 13, 2017. August 3, 2017.
  9. Web site: Public Opinion Research: Ontario This Month. . September 2017. innovativeresearch.ca. Innovative Research Group. 17–23. May 20, 2018. May 20, 2018. https://web.archive.org/web/20180520193159/https://innovativeresearch.ca/wp-content/uploads/2017/07/OTM-1709-Counting-Seats-Not-Votes.pdf. live.
  10. Election Statute Law Amendment Act, 2005. S.O.. 2005. 35. 1. 3. https://www.ontario.ca/laws/statute/s05035.
  11. Web site: Ontario to add 15 MPPs, move 2018 election date ahead. Toronto Star. Benzie. Robert. June 4, 2015. October 25, 2015. November 1, 2015. https://web.archive.org/web/20151101085543/http://www.thestar.com/news/queenspark/2015/06/04/ontario-to-add-15-mpps-move-2018-election-date-ahead.html. live.
  12. Election Statute Law Amendment Act, 2016. S.O.. 2016. 33. 7. https://www.ontario.ca/laws/statute/s16033.
  13. News: How a historic Liberal collapse and PC upheaval turned Ontario election into a wild horse race. June 7, 2018. National Post. June 12, 2018. Tom. Blackwell.
  14. News: The day Kathleen Wynne lost the 2018 election. Toronto Star. June 12, 2018. May 30, 2018. Bob. Hepburn. June 12, 2018. https://web.archive.org/web/20180612232821/https://www.thestar.com/opinion/star-columnists/2018/05/30/the-day-kathleen-wynne-lost-the-2018-election.html. live.
  15. News: Grenier. Eric. With nine weeks to go, the Ontario election is Doug Ford's to lose. April 7, 2018. CBC News. April 6, 2018. April 7, 2018. https://web.archive.org/web/20180407015133/http://www.cbc.ca/news/politics/grenier-ontario-poll-tracker-1.4603291. live.
  16. News: Crawley. Mike. 11 Liberals won't run in Ontario election, and that's a problem for Kathleen Wynne. April 7, 2018. CBC News. April 7, 2018. April 9, 2018. https://web.archive.org/web/20180409184047/http://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/toronto/ontario-election-liberal-incumbents-not-running-1.4606871. live.
  17. News: Ontario voters facing 'stark choice' in June, says Kathleen Wynne. April 7, 2018. Toronto Star. March 12, 2018. Kristin. Rushowy. April 8, 2018. https://web.archive.org/web/20180408073735/https://www.thestar.com/news/queenspark/2018/03/12/ontario-voters-facing-stark-choice-in-june-says-kathleen-wynne.html. live.
  18. News: Ontario budget 2018: Liberals run deficit, introduce new spending in pre-election budget. April 7, 2018. Global News. Canadian Press. March 28, 2018. Shawn. Jeffords. Paola. Loriggio. April 8, 2018. https://web.archive.org/web/20180408074530/https://globalnews.ca/news/4111673/ontario-budget-spending-liberals-election/. live.
  19. News: Veering left is right for Kathleen Wynne. April 7, 2018. Toronto Star. April 1, 2018. Jaime. Watt. April 5, 2018. https://web.archive.org/web/20180405185049/https://www.thestar.com/opinion/star-columnists/2018/04/01/jaime-watt-veering-left-is-right-for-wynne.html. live.
  20. News: Delacourt. Susan. May 29, 2018. What is it that is driving Ontario voters?. The Toronto Star. May 29, 2018. May 29, 2018. https://web.archive.org/web/20180529193737/https://www.thestar.com/opinion/star-columnists/2018/05/24/what-is-it-that-is-driving-ontario-voters.html. live.
  21. News: Omer. Mohammed. May 30, 2018. Ontario Election 2018: Poll Finds Half of Decided Voters Making Choice Based on Party They Dislike. HuffPost. June 2, 2018. June 12, 2018. https://web.archive.org/web/20180612141626/https://www.huffingtonpost.ca/2018/05/30/ontario-election-2018-poll-finds-half-of-decided-voters-making-choice-based-on-party-they-dislike_a_23446906/. live.
  22. Web site: Analysis of Voter Support Ceilings for Major Ontario Parties. Yufest. Eli. February 2018. Campaign Research. June 13, 2018. June 13, 2018. https://web.archive.org/web/20180613084631/https://www.campaignresearch.ca/single-post/2018/02/22/analysis-of-voter-support-ceilings-for-major-ontario-parties. live.
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  27. News: Gerry Lougheed Jr., Ontario Liberal fundraiser, charged in Sudbury byelection scandal. CBC News. September 24, 2015. September 26, 2015. September 26, 2015. https://web.archive.org/web/20150926004548/http://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/sudbury/gerry-lougheed-opp-charged-sudbury-byelection-1.3241605. live.
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  31. News: Patrick Brown resigns as Ontario PC leader after sexual misconduct allegations. Mike. Crawley. January 25, 2018. CBC News. March 14, 2020. March 2, 2020. https://web.archive.org/web/20200302141942/https://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/toronto/patrick-brown-resigns-ontario-pc-1.4503040. live.
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  33. News: Vic Fedeli chosen as interim leader of Ontario PCs with election looming. January 26, 2018. CBC News. January 26, 2018. January 26, 2018. https://web.archive.org/web/20180126215233/http://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/toronto/ontario-progressive-conservatives-interim-leader-patrick-brown-election-1.4505104. live.
  34. News: Doug Ford named new Ontario PC leader. March 21, 2018. CTV News. Canadian Press. March 10, 2018. March 11, 2018. https://web.archive.org/web/20180311143328/https://www.ctvnews.ca/canada/doug-ford-named-new-ontario-pc-leader-1.3837319. live.
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  36. News: Doug Ford bails on first Ontario election leaders debate. April 5, 2018. iPolitics. April 12, 2018. Marieke. Walsh. April 12, 2018. https://web.archive.org/web/20180412083305/https://ipolitics.ca/2018/04/05/doug-ford-bails-on-first-ontario-election-leaders-debate/. live.
  37. Web site: Andrea Horwath's Change for the Better. Ontario NDP. April 18, 2018. April 17, 2018. https://web.archive.org/web/20180417143905/https://www.ontariondp.ca/platform. live.
  38. News: Ford, Horwath, Wynne to face off in Toronto-focused CityNews debate May 7 . . April 21, 2018 . April 20, 2018 . April 20, 2018 . https://web.archive.org/web/20180420144433/http://toronto.citynews.ca/2018/04/20/cityvote-debate-ontario-election/ . live .
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  40. Web site: Wynne, Ford and Horwath debate in Parry Sound Friday. Sarah. Bissonette. May 7, 2018. parrysound.com. May 7, 2018. May 8, 2018. https://web.archive.org/web/20180508060336/https://www.parrysound.com/news-story/8592643-wynne-ford-and-horwath-debate-in-parry-sound-friday/. live.
  41. Web site: Ontario PC candidate resigns after private 407 freeway confirms 'internal theft' of data on 60,000 customers. May 16, 2018. Tom. Blackwell. National Post.
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  44. News: Kathleen Wynne, Doug Ford, Andrea Horwath invited to face off in televised debate on May 27. April 12, 2018. CBC News. April 12, 2018. April 12, 2018. https://web.archive.org/web/20180412205708/http://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/toronto/first-on-election-televised-debate-1.4616852. live.
  45. News: Benzie. Robert. June 2, 2018. Wynne concedes she will lose Thursday's election, urges voters to elect Liberal MPPs as check on Ford or Horwath. Toronto Star. June 2, 2018. June 2, 2018. https://web.archive.org/web/20180602161540/https://www.thestar.com/news/queenspark/2018/06/02/wynne-concedes-she-will-lose-thursdays-election-urges-voters-to-elect-liberal-mpps-as-a-check-on-ford-or-horwath.html. live.
  46. News: Giovannetti. Justin. June 3, 2018. Ontario's NDP, PCs jockey for majority in wake of Wynne's early concession. The Globe and Mail. June 4, 2018. June 4, 2018. https://web.archive.org/web/20180604104928/https://www.theglobeandmail.com/canada/article-ontario-grapples-with-wynnes-early-concession-speech-as-pcs-and-ndp/. live.
  47. News: . Ontario election guide: What you need to know before you vote. The Globe and Mail. May 15, 2018. May 21, 2018. May 21, 2018. https://web.archive.org/web/20180521210038/https://www.theglobeandmail.com/canada/article-ontario-election-guide/. live.
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  52. News: Artuso . Antonella . NDP's Sanctuary Ontario must have broad reach, activist says . 22 June 2020 . Toronto Sun . May 21, 2018 . June 25, 2020 . https://web.archive.org/web/20200625135257/https://torontosun.com/news/provincial/ndps-sanctuary-ontario-must-have-broad-reach-activist-says . live .
  53. Web site: Streck . Aaron . Durham highway tolls will be removed if elected, say NDP candidates . . June 1, 2018 . June 7, 2018 . June 12, 2018 . https://web.archive.org/web/20180612143944/https://globalnews.ca/news/4248121/ndp-remove-durham-highway-tolls-if-elected/ . live .
  54. News: Akin. David. David Akin. May 18, 2018. For the Wynne Liberals, the Ontario election has always been 'Save the Furniture'. Global News. May 20, 2018. May 20, 2018. https://web.archive.org/web/20180520204901/https://globalnews.ca/news/4217379/david-akin-ontario-liberals-save-the-furniture/. live.
  55. News: . Doug Ford, Ontario PCs unveil campaign bus and 'For The People' slogan. CityNews. Toronto. April 15, 2018. May 20, 2018. May 21, 2018. https://web.archive.org/web/20180521020845/http://toronto.citynews.ca/2018/04/15/doug-ford-ontario-pcs-unveil-campaign-bus-people-slogan/. live.
  56. News: Powers. Lucas. April 16, 2018. Ontario NDP platform proposes big spending on health care, social services. CBC News. May 20, 2018. May 19, 2018. https://web.archive.org/web/20180519232724/http://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/toronto/ontario-ndp-andrea-horwath-election-platform-1.4621345. live.
  57. News: . April 26, 2018. La plateforme néo-démocrate est enfin disponible en français. fr. Ici Radio-Canada Première. May 20, 2018. May 20, 2018. https://web.archive.org/web/20180520193737/https://ici.radio-canada.ca/nouvelle/1097613/plateforme-neo-democrate-francais-ontario. live.
  58. News: Janus. Andrea. May 14, 2018. Basic income, road tolls for transit part of Ontario Green Party's election platform. CBC News. May 20, 2018. May 20, 2018. https://web.archive.org/web/20180520145910/http://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/toronto/ontario-green-party-election-platform-1.4661664. live.
  59. Small . Allen . Tasha Kheiriddin . Ontario Libertarian Party leader Allen Small shares his views on election issues . Toronto . May 18, 2018 . . May 30, 2018 . June 12, 2018 . https://web.archive.org/web/20180612113132/https://omny.fm/shows/tasha-kheiriddin/libertarian-party-of-ontario-leader-allen-small-sh . live .
  60. News: . Of choices we have, Ford's PCs are best. The London Free Press. Postmedia Network. June 1, 2018. January 27, 2019. March 21, 2019. https://web.archive.org/web/20190321172653/https://lfpress.com/opinion/editorials/pov-our-choice-for-ontario-is-ford. live.
  61. News: . Our choice for Ontario is Ford. Toronto Sun. Postmedia Network. June 2, 2018. June 2, 2018. June 2, 2018. https://web.archive.org/web/20180602121954/http://torontosun.com/opinion/editorials/editorial-our-choice-for-ontario-is-ford. live.
  62. News: . Ontario's choice is clear, if less than ideal: A Progressive Conservative government. National Post. Postmedia Network. June 1, 2018.
  63. News: . The Progressive Conservatives should form the next Ontario government. Ottawa Citizen. Postmedia Network. June 2, 2018. January 27, 2019. November 6, 2018. https://web.archive.org/web/20181106171136/https://ottawacitizen.com/opinion/editorials/editorial-the-progressive-conservatives-should-form-the-next-ontario-government. live.
  64. News: Change is needed in Ontario . Ajax News Advertiser . May 31, 2018 . June 2, 2018 . June 12, 2018 . https://web.archive.org/web/20180612141053/https://www.durhamregion.com/opinion-story/8629987-change-is-needed-in-ontario/ . live .
  65. News: . Ontario voters should back NDP to stop Doug Ford. Toronto Star. June 1, 2018. June 2, 2018. June 2, 2018. https://web.archive.org/web/20180602151801/https://www.thestar.com/opinion/editorials/2018/06/01/ontario-voters-should-back-ndp-to-stop-doug-ford.html. live.
  66. News: The Spectator's view: Ford PCs say take them on faith – that's not enough. June 5, 2018. The Hamilton Spectator. Metroland Media Group. June 6, 2018. June 12, 2018. https://web.archive.org/web/20180612140756/https://www.thespec.com/opinion-story/8649165-the-spectator-s-view-ford-pcs-say-take-them-on-faith-that-s-not-enough/. live.
  67. News: Jury. Pierre. June 5, 2018. Pour le NPD. For the NDP. fr. Le Droit. June 6, 2018. June 7, 2018. https://web.archive.org/web/20180607002333/https://www.ledroit.com/opinions/editoriaux/pour-le-npd-6117966d8785adcb0bdfd318dc74ed16. live.
  68. News: Guelph voters should consider making history and sending the Greens' Mike Schreiner to Queen's Park. Toronto Star Editorial Board. May 22, 2018. Toronto Star. March 16, 2019. April 3, 2019. https://web.archive.org/web/20190403203648/https://www.thestar.com/opinion/editorials/2018/05/21/guelph-voters-should-consider-making-history-and-sending-the-greens-mike-schreiner-to-queens-park.html. live.
  69. News: . Globe editorial: For Ontario voters, leadership and vision are not on offer . . June 5, 2018 . June 5, 2018 . June 6, 2018 . https://web.archive.org/web/20180606103106/https://www.theglobeandmail.com/opinion/editorials/article-globe-editorial-for-ontario-voters-leadership-and-vision-are-not-on/ . live .
  70. News: The Record's view: In an era of disruption Ontario voters should seek stability. June 4, 2018. Waterloo Region Record. June 6, 2018. March 23, 2022. https://web.archive.org/web/20220323052812/https://www.therecord.com/opinion/editorials/2018/06/04/the-record-s-view-in-an-era-of-disruption-ontario-voters-should-seek-stability.html. live.
  71. News: Editorial: We're endorsing change this provincial election. May 31, 2018. Northern Life. Laurentian Media Group. June 7, 2018. June 12, 2018. https://web.archive.org/web/20180612141336/https://www.sudbury.com/editorial/editorial-were-endorsing-change-this-provincial-election-940199. live.
  72. News: Trudeau dropping in on Wynne days before election campaign. Marieke. Walsh. May 4, 2018. iPolitics. June 5, 2018. June 8, 2018. https://web.archive.org/web/20180608204802/https://ipolitics.ca/2018/05/04/trudeau-dropping-in-on-wynne-days-before-election-campaign/. live.
  73. News: Hazel McCallion stars in 'A Tale of Two Endorsements' . . Kristin . Rushowy . Robert . Benzie . Rob . Ferguson . May 24, 2018 . September 18, 2018 . June 12, 2018 . https://web.archive.org/web/20180612135838/https://www.thestar.com/news/queenspark/2018/05/24/hazel-mccallion-stars-in-a-tale-of-two-endorsements.html . live .
  74. News: Andrew Scheer says Doug Ford 'best choice' in election, slams Ontario NDP's past. May 24, 2018. Global News. May 24, 2018. June 12, 2018. https://web.archive.org/web/20180612151812/https://globalnews.ca/video/4242765/andrew-scheer-says-doug-ford-best-choice-in-election-slams-ontario-ndps-past. live.
  75. News: Ali. Raza. Hazel McCallion endorses PC Leader Doug Ford and Liberal Finance Minister Charles Sousa. May 30, 2018. The Mississauga News. May 30, 2018. June 12, 2018. https://web.archive.org/web/20180612144228/https://www.mississauga.com/news-story/8628446-hazel-mccallion-endorses-pc-leader-doug-ford-and-liberal-finance-minister-charles-sousa/. live.
  76. News: Kevin O'Leary Taps 'Sharks' To Help Pay Back Tory Leadership Debt. Ryan. Maloney. June 4, 2018. HuffPost. June 4, 2018. June 12, 2018. https://web.archive.org/web/20180612135843/https://www.huffingtonpost.ca/2018/04/06/kevin-oleary-shark-tank-tory-leadership-debt_a_23405088/. live.
  77. News: 'HE'S A STRAIGHT SHOOTER': Mel Lastman endorses Doug Ford. Antonella. Artuso. June 1, 2018. Toronto Sun. June 2, 2018. June 3, 2018. https://web.archive.org/web/20180603020452/http://torontosun.com/news/provincial/hes-a-straight-shooter-mel-lastman-endorses-doug-ford. live.
  78. stephenharper . Stephen . Harper . Stephen Harper . 1001235470938849280 . May 28, 2018 . June 7, 2018 . A year since @CPC_HQ elected @AndrewScheer as Leader, I can think of no one better to be Canada's next Conservative Prime Minister. Great seeing Andrew in Toronto, we both agree we must first get the job done in Ontario with Conservative Premier @fordnation!.
  79. News: Andrea Horwath, Jagmeet Singh team up at Brampton event to keep pushing NDP in polls. Andrea. Janus. May 21, 2018. CBC News. June 5, 2018. June 8, 2018. https://web.archive.org/web/20180608165849/http://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/toronto/ndp-brampton-rally-1.4672197. live.
  80. News: It's Time For Progressive Voters To Rally Around Andrea Horwath. Coren. Michael. Dias. Jerry. Farber. Bernie M.. Gardner. Kay. Hudson. Sandy. Miller. David. Pascale. Charles. Rebick. Judy. Wong-Tam. Kristyn. HuffPost. June 6, 2018. June 7, 2018. https://web.archive.org/web/20180607012338/https://www.huffingtonpost.ca/charles-pascal/ontario-election-progressive-voters_a_23452719/. live.
  81. oliviachow . Olivia . Chow . Olivia Chow . 998978918433472512 . After June 7, life will be more affordable and hopeful. @AndreaHorwath message of #Change4Better is getting through . May 22, 2018 . June 7, 2018.
  82. News: Mike Schreiner hosts rally in Guelph with David Suzuki, Elizabeth May. April 22, 2018. CBC News. Carmen. Ponciano. June 7, 2018. June 8, 2018. https://web.archive.org/web/20180608165833/http://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/kitchener-waterloo/guelph-mike-schreiner-david-suzuki-elizabeth-may-1.4630234. live.
  83. OntarioCStores . Ontario Convenience Stores Association . 1002902718929727490 . Small businesses need a business friendly government going forward as we have been ignored for years . June 2, 2018 . June 2, 2018.
  84. News: Ottawa police union endorses PCs. May 31, 2018. CBC News. May 31, 2018. May 31, 2018. https://web.archive.org/web/20180531211503/http://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/ottawa/ottawa-police-union-endorses-pcs-1.4685840. live.
  85. News: Sault Ste. Marie Steelworkers take flack for backing PC candidate: 'this is democracy'. Erik. White. May 31, 2018. CBC News. May 31, 2018. May 31, 2018. https://web.archive.org/web/20180531173633/http://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/sudbury/provincial-election-unions-organized-labour-1.4684174. live.
  86. News: Ontario's largest education union opts to endorse NDP over Liberals. Caroline. Alphonso. May 10, 2018. The Globe and Mail. June 1, 2018. May 29, 2018. https://web.archive.org/web/20180529215244/https://www.theglobeandmail.com/canada/article-ontarios-largest-education-union-opts-to-endorse-ndp-over-liberals/. live.
  87. Web site: Canada's NDP: Working together. CUPE. June 2, 2018. March 23, 2022. https://web.archive.org/web/20220323052811/https://cupe.ca/canadas-ndp-working-together. live.
  88. Web site: Ontario Steelworkers Endorse Andrea Horwath and the NDP. Newswire. June 3, 2018. June 12, 2018. https://web.archive.org/web/20180612141847/https://www.newswire.ca/news-releases/ontario-steelworkers-endorse-andrea-horwath-and-the-ndp-684338631.html. live.
  89. ATU Canada Endorses the NDP. ATU. May 15, 2018. June 12, 2018. https://web.archive.org/web/20180612162051/http://atucanada.ca/wp-content/uploads/2018/05/NDP-Endorsement.pdf. live.
  90. News: Party overturns Ottawa West-Nepean PC nomination. CBC News. May 31, 2018. February 9, 2018. May 23, 2018. https://web.archive.org/web/20180523152532/http://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/ottawa/ottawa-west-nepean-nomination-contest-overturned-1.4529749. live.
  91. News: PCs to hold new nomination contests in Ottawa West-Nepean, Scarborough Centre. February 9, 2018. Ottawa Citizen. Canadian Press. May 31, 2018. May 27, 2018. https://web.archive.org/web/20180527111200/http://ottawacitizen.com/news/politics/pcs-to-hold-new-nomination-contests-in-ottawa-west-nepean-scarborough-centre. live.
  92. News: Tories overturn two controversial nominations, as they clean house in post-Patrick-Brown era. Benzie. Robert. February 9, 2018. Toronto Star. May 31, 2018. June 12, 2018. https://web.archive.org/web/20180612142346/https://www.thestar.com/news/queenspark/2018/02/09/tories-overturn-two-controversial-nominations-as-they-clean-house-in-post-patrick-brown-era.html. live.
  93. News: NDP candidate hopes to give LGBT community greater voice at Queen's Park. CBC News. March 26, 2018. May 13, 2018. May 10, 2018. https://web.archive.org/web/20180510094146/http://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/ottawa/lyra-evans-candidate-ontario-transgender-1.4585594. live.
  94. News: NDP in Ottawa-Vanier nominate Ontario's first transgender candidate for MPP. Paula. McCooey. March 26, 2018. Ottawa Citizen. May 13, 2018. May 5, 2018. https://web.archive.org/web/20180505043216/http://ottawacitizen.com/news/local-news/ndp-in-ottawa-vanier-nominate-ontarios-first-transgender-candidate-for-mpp. live.
  95. spaikin. 860504363156082690. Steve . Paikin . Steve Paikin . Confirmed: speaker @DaveLevac announces he won't seek re-election in June 2018. May 5, 2017.
  96. News: Sarah Campbell to leave politics; Greg Rickford to run in Kenora - Rainy River . . January 12, 2018 . November 21, 2017 . Jeff . Walters . February 4, 2018 . https://web.archive.org/web/20180204235636/http://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/thunder-bay/rickford-kenora-rainy-river-2018-1.4411133 . live .
  97. Michaelharrispc . Michael . Harris . Michael Harris (politician, born 1979) . 982682488626712576 . Please see my statement below . April 7, 2018 . May 19, 2018.
  98. News: Two more Wynne cabinet ministers say they won't run again in next June's Ontario election . October 6, 2017 . Rob . Ferguson . . October 6, 2017 . October 6, 2017 . https://web.archive.org/web/20171006201858/https://www.thestar.com/news/queenspark/2017/10/06/two-more-wynne-cabinet-ministers-say-they-wont-run-again-in-next-junes-ontario-election.html . live .
  99. News: Liberal cabinet ministers Michael Chan and Tracy MacCharles, MPP Grant Crack say they are retiring. Robert. Benzie. April 5, 2018. Toronto Star. April 5, 2018. April 5, 2018. https://web.archive.org/web/20180405192305/https://www.thestar.com/news/queenspark/2018/04/05/liberal-cabinet-ministers-michael-chan-and-tracy-maccharles-mpp-grant-crack-say-they-are-retiring.html. live.
  100. News: NDP's Bhutila Karpoche wins Parkdale-High Park, becoming first Tibetan ever elected to public office in North America . . June 7, 2018 . Brendan . Kennedy . September 18, 2018 . November 18, 2018 . https://web.archive.org/web/20181118105841/https://www.thestar.com/news/queenspark/2018/06/07/karpoche-makes-history-with-ndp-win-becoming-the-first-tibetan-ever-elected-to-public-office-in-north-america.html . live .
  101. spaikin. 989253446816731138 . Steve . Paikin . Steve Paikin. Veteran @OntLiberal MPP harinder takhar announces he won't run again.. April 25, 2018.
  102. News: Brad Duguid won't run in 2018 provincial election . Robert . Benzie . September 8, 2017 . . September 8, 2017 . September 8, 2017 . https://web.archive.org/web/20170908133028/https://www.thestar.com/news/queenspark/2017/09/08/brad-duguid-wont-run-in-2018-provincial-election.html . live .
  103. News: Former PC leader Patrick Brown not running in Ontario election. CBC News. March 16, 2018. March 15, 2018. Canadian Press. March 17, 2022. https://web.archive.org/web/20220317153906/https://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/toronto/patrick-brown-ontario-election-1.4578747. live.
  104. Web site: Cindy Forster pledges to keep fighting for causes she believes in. Paul. Forsyth. January 3, 2018. niagarathisweek.com. January 12, 2018. January 4, 2018. https://web.archive.org/web/20180104073456/https://www.niagarathisweek.com/news-story/8034226-cindy-forster-pledges-to-keep-fighting-for-causes-she-believes-in/. live.
  105. Web site: UPDATED: Cindy Forster calling it quits. nurun.com. St. Catharines Standard. January 12, 2018. https://web.archive.org/web/20180104073157/http://www.stcatharinesstandard.ca/2018/01/03/forster-wont-seek-re-election-in-welland. January 4, 2018. dead.
  106. Monte Kwinter MPP for York Centre not seeking re-election in 2018. July 20, 2017. Ontario Liberal Party. July 20, 2017. https://web.archive.org/web/20171007021043/https://ontarioliberal.ca/news/5970b8c79b36dd03c4ecffda?l=EN. October 7, 2017. dead.
  107. Julia Munro Announces Intention to Retire . https://web.archive.org/web/20170322111214/http://juliamunrompp.com/docs/Retirement.pdf . March 21, 2017 . March 22, 2017 . juliamunrompp.com.
  108. GeoffZochodne. 884510217630871552. Geoff . Zochodne. Longtime Liberal @MarioSergioMPP is hanging them up . July 10, 2017.
  109. Web site: Ontario's experiment with vote-counting machines could change elections to come. Tom. Yun. June 7, 2018. Maclean's. June 21, 2018. November 15, 2020. https://web.archive.org/web/20201115030200/https://www.macleans.ca/politics/ontarios-experiment-with-vote-counting-machines-could-change-elections-to-come/. live.
  110. News: Elections Ontario has 'utmost confidence' in new vote-counting machines but also has backup plan. David. Reevely. June 7, 2018. Ottawa Citizen. January 27, 2019. November 15, 2020. https://web.archive.org/web/20201115030100/https://ottawacitizen.com/news/local-news/elections-ontario-has-utmost-confidence-in-new-vote-counting-machines-but-has-backup-plan-too. live.
  111. Web site: Summary of Valid Votes Cast for Each Candidate: 2018 General Election. . elections.on.ca. December 3, 2019. December 3, 2019. https://web.archive.org/web/20191203115416/https://results.elections.on.ca/api/report-groups/1/report-outputs/202/pdf/en. live.
    Web site: Statistical Summary by Electoral District: 2018 General Election. . elections.on.ca. December 3, 2019. December 3, 2019. https://web.archive.org/web/20191203115302/https://results.elections.on.ca/api/report-groups/1/report-outputs/195/pdf/en. live.
  112. including spoilt ballots
  113. minor political parties receiving less than 1% of the popular vote are aggregated under "Other"; independent candidates are aggregated separately
  114. Web site: General Election Summary of Candidates Elected and Valid Votes Cast. . elections.on.ca. December 3, 2019. December 3, 2019. https://web.archive.org/web/20191203124041/https://results.elections.on.ca/api/report-groups/1/report-outputs/193/pdf/en. live.
  115. Web site: Résultats. August 28, 2021. August 17, 2021. https://web.archive.org/web/20210817035536/https://results.elections.on.ca/api/report-groups/1/report-outputs/468/pdf/en. live. .
  116. Web site: data. August 28, 2021. August 17, 2021. https://web.archive.org/web/20210817035535/https://results.elections.on.ca/api/report-groups/1/report-outputs/471/pdf/en. live. .
  117. Web site: These are all the places Ontario Liberals were beaten on election night .
  118. Summarized from Web site: . Summary of Valid Votes Cast for Each Candidate: 2018 Provincial General Election . dead . https://web.archive.org/web/20181228175029/https://www.elections.on.ca/content/dam/NGW/sitecontent/2018/results/officialresults-yellowbook/votescastbycandidate/pdf/Valid%20Votes%20Cast%20for%20Each%20Candidate%20-%202018%20Provincial%20General%20Election.pdf . December 28, 2018 . May 23, 2019 . Elections Ontario.
  119. News: The third and final televised debate of the provincial election campaign in Toronto. CBC Television. May 27, 2018. May 28, 2018. May 27, 2018. https://web.archive.org/web/20180527234433/https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LerC609ml3A. live.
  120. News: Ontario Provincial Election 2018: CityNews Leaders' Debate. City. May 7, 2018. May 16, 2018. November 13, 2020. https://web.archive.org/web/20201113145143/https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=T-Fi2ISh4wE&gl=US&hl=en. live.

This article is licensed under the GNU Free Documentation License. It uses material from the Wikipedia article "2018 Ontario general election".

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