| Onilahy River | |
| Map: | Onilahy watershed.png |
| Map Size: | thumb |
| Subdivision Type1: | Country |
| Subdivision Name1: | Madagascar |
| Subdivision Type2: | region |
| Subdivision Name2: | Atsimo-Andrefana, Anosy |
| Subdivision Type5: | Cities |
| Subdivision Name5: | Mandrofify, Ambolofoty |
| Length: | 525km (326miles) |
| Discharge1 Location: | Near mouth |
| Discharge1 Avg: | (Period: 1971–2000)[1] |
| Source1 Location: | near Betroka |
| Mouth: | Bay of Saint-Augustin |
| Mouth Location: | Saint Augustin, Mozambique Channel |
| Mouth Elevation: | 0m |
| Basin Size: | [2] |
| Custom Label: | Protection status |
Onilahy is a river in Atsimo-Andrefana and Anosy (Toliara Province), southern Madagascar. It flows down from the hills near Betroka to the Mozambique Channel. It empties at St. Augustin, and into the Bay of Saint-Augustin.
Two species of cichlids are endemic to the river basin, but Ptychochromis onilahy is probably already extinct[3] and the remaining range of Ptychochromoides betsileanus covers less than 10km2.[4] [5]
Sources of the Onilahy river are near Beadabo. It flows through Ankilimary, to Benenitra, Ehara, Bezaha and Antanimena.It is crossed by the RN 10 near Tameantsoa.The mouth of the Onilahy river is situated in the Indian Ocean at Saint Augustin, Madagascar, 35 km south of Toliara (Tuléar).
Its main affluentes from its south are Sakamena river, Evasy River, Ianapera River, Isoanala river and the Ihazofotsy River.From the north these are Sakondry, Taheza, Sakamare and the Imatoto rivers.