| Ondřejov | |
| Settlement Type: | Municipality |
| Subdivision Type: | Country |
| Subdivision Type1: | Region |
| Subdivision Name1: | Central Bohemian |
| Subdivision Type2: | District |
| Subdivision Name2: | Prague-East |
| Pushpin Map: | Czech Republic |
| Pushpin Relief: | 1 |
| Pushpin Map Caption: | Location in the Czech Republic |
| Coordinates: | 49.9047°N 14.7842°W |
| Established Title: | First mentioned |
| Established Date: | 1352 |
| Area Total Km2: | 18.15 |
| Elevation M: | 467 |
| Population As Of: | 2024-01-01 |
| Population Footnotes: | [1] |
| Population Total: | 1863 |
| Population Density Km2: | auto |
| Timezone1: | CET |
| Utc Offset1: | +1 |
| Timezone1 Dst: | CEST |
| Utc Offset1 Dst: | +2 |
| Postal Code Type: | Postal codes |
| Postal Code: | 251 65, 251 66 |
Ondřejov (in Czech pronounced as /ˈondr̝ɛjof/) is a municipality and village in Prague-East District in the Central Bohemian Region of the Czech Republic. It has about 1,900 inhabitants. It is known for the Ondřejov Observatory. The historic centre is well preserved and is protected by law as an urban monument zone.
The villages of Třemblat and Turkovice are administrative parts of Ondřejov.
Ondřejov (meaning "Ondřej's") was probably named after its founded Ondřej of Dubá. Saint Andrew (Czech: svatý Ondřej) is in the municipal coat of arms.[2]
Ondřejov is located about southeast of Prague. It lies in the Benešov Uplands. The highest point is the Pecný hill at 545m (1,788feet) above sea level.
The first written mention of Ondřejov is from 1352.[2] Among the owners of the village were the noble families of Dubá, Kostka of Postupice, Šelenberk and Waldstein. The development of Ondřejov was greatly hampered by the Hussite Wars in the 15th century and the Thirty Years' War in the 17th century. In 1745, Ondřejov was promoted to a market town, but it lost the title after World War II.[3]
The D1 motorway from Prague to Brno passes through the western part of the municipal territory.
In 1898–1906, the industrialist Josef Jan Frič built an astronomical observatory in the village, which he gave to the Charles University in 1928. Today the Ondřejov Observatory is operated by the Astronomical Institute of the Czech Academy of Sciences. Its part is also the Vojtěch Šafařík Astronomical Museum.[4]
The Church of Saints Simon and Jude was originally a Romanesque building, modified in the Baroque style in 1668. The adjacent Baroque building of the rectory was built in 1778–1780.[5]