| Omolon | |
| Other Name: | Омолон / Омолоон |
| Source1: | Otaikachan Range Kolyma Mountains |
| Mouth: | Kolyma |
| Subdivision Type1: | Country |
| Subdivision Name1: | Russia |
| Length: | 1114km (692miles) |
| Basin Size: | 113000km2 |
| Pushpin Map: | Russia Far Eastern Federal District |
| Pushpin Map Caption: | Mouth location in the Far Eastern Federal District, Russia |
The Omolon (Russian: Омолон; Yakut: Омолоон, Omoloon) is the principal tributary of the Kolyma in northeast Siberia. The length of the river is 1114km (692miles). The area of its basin is 113000km2. The Omolon freezes up in October and stays under ice until late May through early June. The lower 600km (400miles) are navigable.
It begins in the Kolyma Highlands, Magadan Oblast, less than 100km (100miles) from the Sea of Okhotsk, flows first northeast, with the Kedon Range to the west, then it bends northwest and forms part of the border of Magadan and Chukotka, with the Yukaghir Highlands to the west. At the western end of the Ush-Urekchen it turns north and crosses Chukotka, briefly enters the Sakha Republic and joins the Kolyma 282km (175miles) upstream from the Arctic. Its basin is surrounded by: (west) branches of the Kolyma, (south) Penzhina and others that flow south, (east) Anadyr and (northeast) Bolshoy Anyuy.[1]
Its main tributaries are the Kegali, the west-flowing Oloy (at 471km (293miles), the largest tributary), Oloychan, Kedon, Namyndykan, Molongda (Молонгда or Моланджа) and Ango.[2]
The upper Omolon is subalpine in the highlands, the middle is boreal forest and the lower part tundra. There is a Zakaznik in Chukotka to protect the forests.