| En Name: | Olovyannaya |
| Ru Name: | Оловя́нная |
| Coordinates: | 50.9333°N 149°W |
| Map Label Position: | right |
| Federal Subject: | Zabaykalsky Krai |
| Federal Subject Ref: | [1] |
| Adm District Jur: | Olovyanninsky District |
| Adm Ctr Of: | Olovyanninsky District |
| Inhabloc Cat: | Urban-type settlement |
| Urban Okrug Jur: | Olovyannaya Okrug |
| Urban Okrug Jur Ref: | [2] |
| Mun Admctr Of: | Olovyannaya Okrug |
| Pop 2010Census: | 8,406 |
Olovyannaya (Russian: Оловя́нная) is an urban locality (an urban-type settlement) and the administrative center of Olovyanninsky District in Zabaykalsky Krai, Russia. As of the 2010 census, the population was 8,406,[3] down from 11,859 in 1989.[4]
The town is located 249 km by rail from Chita. There is a museum of local history and a hospital.
Olovyannaya was founded in 1895 with the construction of a railroad station. After the station was constructed, lime kilns, a sawmill, and a jetty for receiving barges were also constructed. A bridge over the Onon River was exploded during the Russian Civil War. The town became the administrative center of the district in 1926, and in 1929 the town was given the status of an urban settlement.[5]