Second Oli cabinet explained

Cabinet Name:Oli cabinet, 2018
Cabinet Type:Council of Ministers
Jurisdiction:Nepal
Flag:Flag_of_Nepal.svg
Date Formed:15 February 2018
Date Dissolved:12 July 2021
Government Head Title:Prime Minister
Government Head:Khadga Prasad Sharma Oli
State Head Title:President
State Head:Bidya Devi Bhandari
Legislature Status:Majority coalition government
Majority government
Minority government
Opposition Cabinet:Deuba Shadow Cabinet
Opposition Leader:Sher Bahadur Deuba,
Election:2017 general election
Legislature Term:1st Federal Parliament
Previous:Fourth Deuba cabinet
Successor:Third Oli cabinet
Political Parties: CPN (Unified Marxist–Leninist)
Former members:
Nepal Communist Party (NCP)
CPN (Maoist Centre)
Samajbadi Party, Nepal
People's Socialist Party, Nepal
People's Progressive Party

The Second Oli cabinet, also known as the Oli cabinet, 2018, was the Government of Nepal from 15 February 2018 to 13 July 2021. It initially formed as a majority coalition on 15 February 2018, after Khadga Prasad Sharma Oli was elected as the new Prime Minister of Nepal following the 2017 general election. Oli's candidacy was supported by the Communist Party of Nepal (Unified Marxist–Leninist) and the Communist Party of Nepal (Maoist Centre). He assumed his office with two ministers and the remaining ministers were added at later points.[1] The CPN (Maoist Centre) withdrew its support from the government in May 2021, reducing it to a minority, and after the dissolution of the House of Representatives, it turned into an interim government.[2] [3] The cabinet was replaced by the fifth Deuba cabinet, formed after the Supreme Court ordered the appointment of Nepali Congress president Sher Bahadur Deuba as prime minister under Article 76 (5) of the Constitution of Nepal.[4] [5]

Despite the name, the cabinet is not an extension of the first Oli cabinet, because two different cabinets by two different prime ministers separated both Oli cabinets. Apart from prime minister Oli, only four other ministers served in both cabinets: Giriraj Mani Pokharel and Shakti Bahadur Basnet, from in the beginning, and Bishnu Prasad Paudel and Top Bahadur Rayamajhi from a later rearrangement. Pokharel headed the Ministry of Education while Paudel headed the Ministry of Finance both times, whereas Basnet and Rayamajhi served in two different ministries in the two cabinets.

History

The Constitution of Nepal set the maximum numbers of ministers including state ministers to 25. However, Oli decided to have 17 ministries under him, which is less than the previous cabinets, each around 30 ministries.[6] [7] On 26 February 2018, it increased by seven more ministers[8] to 22 ministries. On 16 March 2018,[9] the addition of three state ministers brought the number of cabinet members to 25.

On 11 March 2018, Oli won a motion of confidence with 208 of 268 in the 275-member House of Representatives.[10]

On 17 May 2018, the Communist Party of Nepal (Unified Marxist–Leninist) and the Communist Party of Nepal (Maoist Centre) merged to form the Nepal Communist Party, giving the Oli government a majority in both houses of the federal parliament.[11] On 28 May 2018, the Federal Socialist Forum, which would later merge into the Samajbadi Party on 6 May 2019, joined the government.[12] The Samajbadi Party left the government on 24 December 2019.[13]

Further reshuffles were on 20 November 2019 and 14 October 2020.[14] [15]

A major reshuffle took place on 25 December 2020 after several ministers resigned in protest of Oli's move to recommend the dissolution of the House of Representatives which was approved by the president, although later overturned by the Supreme Court.[16] [17] [18] All ministers were in the Nepal Communist Party until 7 March 2021, when the party was dissolved by the Supreme Court.[19] The verdict invalidated the ruling party, reviving the former CPN (UML) and CPN (Maoist Centre) parties. This reduced Oli's government back to a coalition government.[20] The CPN (Maoist Centre) recalled its ministers on 13 March 2021 and withdrew its support from the government on 5 May 2021, turning it into a minority government.[21] [22] After Oli failed a vote of confidence in the parliament, his government was reduced to a caretaker capacity.[23]

Oli became a minority prime minister on 13 May 2021 by president Bidya Devi Bhandari, as no opposition party formed a majority government or claimed it in time.[24] [25] Citing Article 76 (3) of the constitution, Oli, leading the largest party in the House of Representatives, was re-appointed prime minister, requiring him to again form a majority in the house within 30 days. Following the dissolution of the House of Representatives by the president at midnight on 22 May 2021, the Oli government turned into an interim government until elections on 12 and 19 November 2021.[26] [27]

Another major reshuffle took place on 4 June 2021, after the CPN (UML) formed a coalition with a faction of the People's Socialist Party, after negotiations awarded ten ministerial berths to the faction led by Mahantha Thakur and Rajendra Mahato.[28] [29] [30] The cabinet was further expanded on 10 June 2021.[31] The Supreme Court, on 22 June 2021, stayed the cabinet expansion and reshuffle by Prime Minister Oli. The petitioners claimed that a government formed under article 76 (3) of the constitution with a caretaker status cannot expand or reshuffle the cabinet. Twenty ministers (including three deputy prime ministers) appointed on 4 and 10 June 2021 were dismissed from their post.[32] [33] [34] Bishnu Prasad Paudel remained minister of Finance from 14 October 2020, but no longer elevated to deputy prime minister like he was on 4 June 2021.[35] Prime Minister Oli thereafter divided the portfolios among the five remaining cabinet members on 24 June 2021.[36]

Dissolution

On 12 July 2021, the Supreme Court ruled that the president's decision to dissolve the House of Representatives on the recommendation of prime minister Oli was unconstitutional and ordered the appointment of Nepali Congress president Sher Bahadur Deuba as prime minister within 28 hours, after the opposition filed writs against the dissolution.[37] President Bhandari appointed Deuba as the prime minister in accordance with Article 76 (5) of the Constitution of Nepal, and he was sworn in for a fifth term on 13 July 2021.[38] [39]

Final arrangement

S.N.PortfolioMinisterPartyAssumed officeLeft office
Cabinet ministers
1.Prime Minister of Nepal
Minister of Defence
Minister of Foreign Affairs
Khadga Prasad Sharma OliCommunist Party of Nepal (UML)15 February 201812 July 2021
2.Minister of FinanceBishnu Prasad PaudelCommunist Party of Nepal (UML)14 October 202012 July 2021
Minister for Industry, Commerce and Supplies24 June 2021
Minister for Energy, Water Resources and Irrigation
Minister of Home Affairs
3.Minister for Forests and EnvironmentKrishna Gopal ShresthaCommunist Party of Nepal (UML)24 June 202112 July 2021
Minister for Youth and Sports
Minister for Education, Science and Technology25 December 2020
Minister for Labour, Employment, and Social Security24 June 2021
Minister for Health and Population
4.Minister for Agricultural and Livestock DevelopmentBasanta Kumar NembangCommunist Party of Nepal (UML)24 June 202112 July 2021
Minister for Water Supply
Minister for Physical Infrastructure and Transport21 November 2019
Minister for Information and Communications24 June 2021
Minister for Urban Development
5.Minister for Law, Justice and Parliamentary AffairsLilanath ShresthaCommunist Party of Nepal (UML)25 December 202012 July 2021
Minister for Land Management, Cooperatives and Poverty Alleviation24 June 2021
Minister for Women, Children and Senior Citizen
Minister for Culture, Tourism and Civil Aviation
Minister for Federal Affairs and General Administration

Previous arrangements

4–22 June 2021

PortfolioMinisterPartyAssumed officeLeft office
Cabinet ministers
Prime Minister of Nepal
Minister of Defence
Khadga Prasad Sharma OliCommunist Party of Nepal (UML)15 February 2018
Deputy Prime MinisterBishnu Prasad PaudelCommunist Party of Nepal (UML)4 June 202122 June 2021[40]
Minister of Finance14 October 2020
Deputy Prime Minister
Minister of Foreign Affairs
Raghubir MahasethCommunist Party of Nepal (UML)4 June 202122 June 2021
Deputy Prime Minister
Minister for Urban Development
Rajendra MahatoPeople's Socialist Party, Nepal4 June 202122 June 2021
Minister of Home AffairsKhagaraj AdhikariCommunist Party of Nepal (UML)10 June 202122 June 2021
Minister for Energy, Water Resources and IrrigationSharat Singh BhandariPeople's Socialist Party, Nepal4 June 202122 June 2021
Minister for Education, Science and TechnologyKrishna Gopal ShresthaCommunist Party of Nepal (UML)25 December 2020
Minister for Water SupplyAnil Kumar JhaPeople's Socialist Party, Nepal4 June 202122 June 2021
Minister for Health and PopulationSher Bahadur TamangCommunist Party of Nepal (UML)4 June 202122 June 2021
Minister for Industry, Commerce and SuppliesRaj Kishor YadavPeople's Socialist Party, Nepal10 June 202122 June 2021
Minister for Land Management, Cooperatives and Poverty AlleviationLaxmanlal KarnaPeople's Socialist Party, Nepal4 June 202122 June 2021
Minister for Physical Infrastructure and TransportBasanta Kumar NembangCommunist Party of Nepal (UML)21 November 2019
Minister for Law, Justice and Parliamentary AffairsLila Nath ShresthaCommunist Party of Nepal (UML)25 December 2020
Minister for Information and CommunicationsNainkala ThapaCommunist Party of Nepal (UML)10 June 202122 June 2021
Minister for Agricultural and Livestock DevelopmentJwala Kumari SahCommunist Party of Nepal (UML)10 June 202122 June 2021
Minister for Labour, Employment, and Social SecurityBimal Prasad ShrivastavPeople's Socialist Party, Nepal4 June 202122 June 2021
Minister for Culture, Tourism and Civil AviationUma Shankar AragriyaPeople's Socialist Party, Nepal4 June 202122 June 2021
Minister for Women, Children and Senior CitizenChanda ChaudharyPeople's Socialist Party, Nepal4 June 202122 June 2021
Minister for Youth and SportsEkbal MiyaPeople's Socialist Party, Nepal4 June 202122 June 2021
Minister for Forests and EnvironmentNarad Muni RanaCommunist Party of Nepal (UML)10 June 202122 June 2021
Minister for Federal Affairs and General AdministrationGanesh Kumar PahadiCommunist Party of Nepal (UML)10 June 202122 June 2021
Minister for the Office of the Prime Minister and Council of MinistersMohan BaniyaCommunist Party of Nepal (UML)10 June 202122 June 2021
State Ministers
State Minister for Energy, Water Resources and IrrigationChandra Kanta ChaudharyPeople's Socialist Party, Nepal4 June 202122 June 2021
State Minister for Women, Children and Senior CitizenRenuka GurungPeople's Socialist Party, Nepal4 June 202122 June 2021
State Minister for Forests and EnvironmentAsha Kumari B.K.Communist Party of Nepal (UML)10 June 202122 June 2021

December 2020 – June 2021

PortfolioMinisterPartyAssumed officeLeft office
Cabinet ministers
Prime Minister of Nepal
Minister of Defence
Khadga Prasad Sharma OliCommunist Party of Nepal (UML)15 February 2018
Deputy Prime MinisterIshwor PokharelCommunist Party of Nepal (UML)1 June 20184 June 2021
Minister of Home AffairsRam Bahadur ThapaCommunist Party of Nepal (Maoist Centre)26 February 201820 May 2021[41]
Minister of Foreign AffairsPradip Kumar GyawaliCommunist Party of Nepal (UML)16 March 20184 June 2021
Minister for Health and PopulationHridayesh TripathiPeople's Progressive Party25 December 20204 June 2021
Minister for Physical Infrastructure and TransportBasanta Kumar NembangCommunist Party of Nepal (UML)21 November 2019
Minister for Industry, Commerce and SuppliesLekh Raj BhattaCommunist Party of Nepal (Maoist Centre)21 November 201920 May 2021
Minister of FinanceBishnu Prasad PaudelCommunist Party of Nepal (UML)14 October 2020
Minister for Information and CommunicationsParbat GurungCommunist Party of Nepal (UML)14 October 20204 June 2021
Minister for Agricultural and Livestock DevelopmentPadma Kumari AryalCommunist Party of Nepal (UML)25 December 20204 June 2021
Minister for Culture, Tourism and Civil AviationBhanu Bhakta DhakalCommunist Party of Nepal (UML)25 December 20204 June 2021
Minister for Land Management, Cooperatives and Poverty AlleviationShiva Maya TumbahampheCommunist Party of Nepal (UML)25 December 20204 June 2021
Minister for Education, Science and TechnologyKrishna Gopal ShresthaCommunist Party of Nepal (UML)25 December 2020
Minister for Urban DevelopmentPrabhu ShahCommunist Party of Nepal (Maoist Centre)25 December 202020 May 2021
Minister for Energy, Water Resources and IrrigationTop Bahadur RaymajhiCommunist Party of Nepal (Maoist Centre)25 December 202020 May 2021
Minister for Women, Children and Senior CitizenJulie Kumari MahatoCommunist Party of Nepal (UML)25 December 20204 June 2021
Minister for Federal Affairs and General AdministrationGanesh Singh ThagunnaCommunist Party of Nepal (UML)25 December 20204 June 2021
Minister for Forests and EnvironmentPrem Bahadur AleCommunist Party of Nepal (UML)25 December 20204 June 2021
Minister for Law, Justice and Parliamentary AffairsLila Nath ShresthaCommunist Party of Nepal (UML)25 December 20204 June 2021
Minister for Labour, Employment, and Social SecurityGauri Shankar ChaudharyCommunist Party of Nepal (Maoist Centre)25 December 202020 May 2021
Minister of Water SupplyMani ThapaCommunist Party of Nepal (Maoist Centre)25 December 202020 May 2021
Minister for Youth and SportsDawa Lama TamangCommunist Party of Nepal (Maoist Centre)25 December 202020 May 2021
State Ministers
State Minister for Health and PopulationNavaraj RawatCommunist Party of Nepal (UML)21 November 20194 June 2021
State Minister for Urban DevelopmentRam Bir ManandharCommunist Party of Nepal (UML)21 November 20194 June 2021
State Minister for Industry, Commerce and SuppliesBimala B.K.Communist Party of Nepal (UML)25 December 20204 June 2021

October – December 2020

PortfolioMinisterPartyAssumed officeLeft office
Cabinet ministers
Prime Minister of Nepal
Minister of Defence
Khadga Prasad Sharma OliNepal Communist Party15 February 2018
Deputy Prime MinisterIshwor PokharelNepal Communist Party1 June 2018
Minister of Home AffairsRam Bahadur ThapaNepal Communist Party26 February 2018
Minister of Foreign AffairsPradip Kumar GyawaliNepal Communist Party16 March 2018
Minister for Federal Affairs and General AdministrationHridayesh TripathiNepal Communist Party21 November 201925 December 2020
Minister for Education, Science and TechnologyGiriraj Mani PokharelNepal Communist Party16 March 201820 December 2020[42]
Minister for Energy, Water Resources and IrrigationBarsaman PunNepal Communist Party16 March 201820 December 2020
Minister for Forests and EnvironmentShakti Bahadur BasnetNepal Communist Party16 March 201820 December 2020
Minister of Water SupplyBina MagarNepal Communist Party16 March 201820 December 2020
Minister for Youth and SportsJagat Bahadur BishwakarmaNepal Communist Party16 March 201825 December 2020
Minister for Land Management, Cooperatives and Poverty AlleviationPadma Kumari AryalNepal Communist Party3 August 201825 December 2020
Minister for Culture, Tourism and Civil AviationYogesh BhattaraiNepal Communist Party31 July 201920 December 2020
Minister for Health and PopulationBhanu Bhakta DhakalNepal Communist Party20 November 201925 December 2020
Minister for Labour, Employment, and Social SecurityRameshwor Raya YadavNepal Communist Party20 November 201920 December 2020
Minister for Physical Infrastructure and TransportBasanta Kumar NembangNepal Communist Party21 November 2019
Minister for Industry, Commerce and SuppliesLekh Raj BhattaNepal Communist Party21 November 2019
Minister for Agricultural and Livestock DevelopmentGhanashyam BhusalNepal Communist Party21 November 201920 December 2020
Minister for Law, Justice and Parliamentary AffairsShiva Maya TumbahampheNepal Communist Party17 February 2020[43] 25 December 2020
Minister of FinanceBishnu Prasad PaudelNepal Communist Party14 October 2020
Minister for Information and CommunicationsParbat GurungNepal Communist Party14 October 2020
Minister for Women, Children and Senior CitizenLila Nath ShresthaNepal Communist Party14 October 202025 December 2020
Minister for Urban DevelopmentKrishna Gopal ShresthaNepal Communist Party14 October 202025 December 2020
State Ministers
State Minister for Health and PopulationNavaraj RawatNepal Communist Party21 November 2019
State Minister for Industry, Commerce and SuppliesMoti Lal DugarNepal Communist Party21 November 201925 December 2020
State Minister for Urban DevelopmentRam Bir ManandharNepal Communist Party21 November 2019

November 2019 – October 2020

PortfolioMinisterPartyAssumed officeLeft office
Cabinet ministers
Prime Minister of NepalKhadga Prasad Sharma OliNepal Communist Party15 February 2018
Deputy Prime MinisterIshwor PokharelNepal Communist Party1 June 2018
Minister of Defense26 February 201814 October 2020
Deputy Prime MinisterMinister for Law, Justice and Parliamentary AffairsUpendra YadavSamajbadi Party, Nepal21 November 2019[44] 24 December 2019
Minister of Home AffairsRam Bahadur ThapaNepal Communist Party26 February 2018
Minister of FinanceYuba Raj KhatiwadaNepal Communist Party26 February 20184 September 2020[45]
Minister for Information and Communications20 February 2020[46]
Gokul Prasad BaskotaNepal Communist Party1 June 201820 February 2020
Minister for Urban Development10 January 2020[47]
Mohammad Estiyak RaiSamajbadi Party, Nepal1 June 201824 December 2019
Basanta Kumar NembangNepal Communist Party20 February 202014 October 2020
Minister for Physical Infrastructure and Transport21 November 2019
Minister of Foreign AffairsPradip Kumar GyawaliNepal Communist Party16 March 2018
Minister for Education, Science and TechnologyGiriraj Mani PokharelNepal Communist Party16 March 201820 December 2020
Minister for Energy, Water Resources and IrrigationBarsaman PunNepal Communist Party16 March 201820 December 2020
Minister for Forests and EnvironmentShakti Bahadur BasnetNepal Communist Party16 March 201820 December 2020
Minister of Water SupplyBina MagarNepal Communist Party16 March 201820 December 2020
Minister for Youth and SportsJagat Bahadur BishwakarmaNepal Communist Party16 March 201825 December 2020
Minister for Land Management, Cooperatives and Poverty AlleviationPadma Kumari AryalNepal Communist Party3 August 201825 December 2020
Minister for Culture, Tourism and Civil AviationYogesh BhattaraiNepal Communist Party31 July 201920 December 2020
Minister for Health and PopulationBhanu Bhakta DhakalNepal Communist Party20 November 201925 December 2020
Minister for Law, Justice and Parliamentary Affairs10 January 202017 February 2020
Shiva Maya TumbahampheNepal Communist Party17 February 202025 December 2020
Minister for Federal Affairs and General AdministrationHridayesh TripathiPeople's Progressive Party21 November 201925 December 2020
Minister for Labour, Employment, and Social SecurityRameshwor Raya YadavNepal Communist Party20 November 201920 December 2020
Minister for Women, Children and Senior CitizenParbat GurungNepal Communist Party21 November 201914 October 2020
Minister for Industry, Commerce and SuppliesLekh Raj BhattaNepal Communist Party21 November 2019
Minister for Agricultural and Livestock DevelopmentGhanashyam BhusalNepal Communist Party21 November 201920 December 2020
State Ministers
State Minister for Health and PopulationNavaraj RawatNepal Communist Party21 November 2019[48]
State Minister for Industry, Commerce and SuppliesMoti Lal DugarNepal Communist Party21 November 201925 December 2020
State Minister for Urban DevelopmentRam Bir ManandharNepal Communist Party21 November 2019

February 2018 – November 2019

PortfolioMinisterPartyAssumed officeLeft office
Cabinet ministers
Prime Minister of NepalKhadga Prasad Sharma OliNepal Communist Party15 February 2018
Deputy Prime Minister

Minister of Defense

Ishwor PokharelNepal Communist Party26 February 2018
Deputy Prime MinisterMinister for Health and PopulationUpendra YadavSamajbadi Party, Nepal1 June 201820 November 2019
Minister for Women, Children and Senior CitizenTham Maya ThapaNepal Communist Party15 February 201820 November 2019
Minister of Home AffairsRam Bahadur ThapaNepal Communist Party26 February 2018
Minister of FinanceYuba Raj KhatiwadaNepal Communist Party26 February 20184 September 2020
Minister for Industry, Commerce and SuppliesMatrika YadavNepal Communist Party26 February 201820 November 2019
Minister for Physical Infrastructure and TransportRaghubir MahasethNepal Communist Party16 March 201820 November 2019
Minister for Federal Affairs and General AdministrationLal Babu PanditNepal Communist Party16 March 201820 November 2019
Minister of Foreign AffairsPradip Kumar GyawaliNepal Communist Party16 March 2018
Minister for Education, Science and TechnologyGiriraj Mani PokharelNepal Communist Party16 March 201820 December 2020
Minister for Culture, Tourism and Civil AviationRabindra Prasad AdhikariNepal Communist Party16 March 201827 February 2019[49]
Yogesh BhattaraiNepal Communist Party31 July 2019[50] 20 December 2020
Minister for Law, Justice and Parliamentary AffairsSher Bahadur TamangNepal Communist Party16 March 201824 July 2018[51]
Bhanu Bhakta DhakalNepal Communist Party3 August 2018[52] 20 November 2019
Minister for Energy, Water Resources and IrrigationBarsaman PunNepal Communist Party16 March 201820 December 2020
Minister for Labour, Employment, and Social SecurityGokarna BistaNepal Communist Party16 March 201820 November 2019
Minister for Forests and EnvironmentShakti Bahadur BasnetNepal Communist Party16 March 201820 December 2020
Minister of Water SupplyBina MagarNepal Communist Party16 March 201820 December 2020
Minister for Agricultural and Livestock DevelopmentChakrapani KhanalNepal Communist Party16 March 201820 November 2019
Minister for Youth and SportsJagat Bahadur BishwakarmaNepal Communist Party16 March 201825 December 2020
Minister for Information and CommunicationsGokul Prasad BaskotaNepal Communist Party1 June 201820 February 2020
Minister for Urban DevelopmentMohammad Estiyak RaiSamajbadi Party, Nepal1 June 201824 December 2019
Minister for Land Management, Cooperatives and Poverty AlleviationPadma Kumari AryalNepal Communist Party3 August 201825 December 2020
State Ministers
State Minister for Agricultural and Livestock DevelopmentRam Kumari ChaudharyNepal Communist Party16 March 201820 November 2019
State Minister for Culture, Tourism and Civil AviationDhan Bahadur BudhaNepal Communist Party16 March 201820 November 2019
State Minister for Information and CommunicationsGokul Prasad BaskotaNepal Communist Party16 March 201831 May 2018
State Minister for Health and PopulationPadma Kumari AryalNepal Communist Party16 March 20183 August 2018
Surendra Kumar YadavSamajbadi Party, Nepal3 August 201820 November 2019

See also

Notes and References

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  2. Web site: Maoist Centre withdraws support to the government. 2021-06-05. kathmandupost.com. English.
  3. Web site: In a midnight drama, Nepal President dissolves House and calls polls for November 12 and 19. 2021-06-10. kathmandupost.com. English.
  4. Web site: Nepal top court restores House, orders to appoint Congress chief new prime minister. 2021-07-14. kathmandupost.com. English.
  5. Web site: New PM, ministers sworn-in: Here's the detail of Deuba's opening cabinet. 2021-07-13. OnlineKhabar. en-GB.
  6. Web site: Cabinet decides to have 17 ministries. The Himalayan Times. 23 March 2018. 24 February 2018.
  7. Web site: Four new ministers inducted in Nepal's first cabinet. Business Standard. 23 March 2018. 27 February 2018.
  8. Web site: Oli expands cabinet to 7, inducts 2 Maoists. República. 13 March 2018. 27 February 2018.
  9. Web site: Nepali PM expands cabinet by inducting 11 new ministers. https://web.archive.org/web/20180316181146/http://www.xinhuanet.com/english/2018-03/16/c_137044076.htm. dead. 16 March 2018. Xinhua. 23 March 2018. 16 March 2018.
  10. Web site: Nepal PM Oli wins vote of confidence. Business Standard. 13 March 2018. 11 March 2018.
  11. Web site: One body two heads . Nepali Times . 1 April 2019 . 17 May 2018.
  12. Web site: FSF-N to join NCP-led govt . The Himalayan Times . 1 April 2019 . 28 May 2018.
  13. Web site: Samajbadi Party pulls out of government, Upendra Yadav resigns . The Kathmandu Post . 26 May 2020 . 24 December 2019.
  14. Web site: PM Oli reshuffles Cabinet (with list of new ministers). Republica. 1 February 2020.
  15. Web site: मन्त्रिपरिषद पुनर्गठन : ईश्वर पोखरेलको मन्त्रालय खोसियो, विष्णु पौडेललाई अर्थ (सूचीसहित). Onlinekhabar. Nepali. 14 October 2020.
  16. Web site: PM Oli expands, reshuffles Cabinet. 2020-12-25. Setopati.
  17. Web site: Thapa. Richa. 2020-12-25. PM Oli reshuffles cabinet, nine new faces inducted. 2021-02-28. The Himalayan Times. en.
  18. Web site: House reinstated. 2021-04-02. kathmandupost.com. English.
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  26. Web site: प्रतिनिधिसभा भंग, कात्तिक २६ र मंसिर ३ गते मध्यावधि चुनाव सिफारिस. 2021-06-10. ekantipur.com. ne.
  27. Web site: Welle (www.dw.com). Deutsche. Nepal's parliament dissolved, president calls for fresh elections DW 22.05.2021. 2021-06-23. DW.COM. en-GB.
  28. Web site: For Oli, power a priority, not governance as country fights the virus. 2021-06-05. kathmandupost.com. English.
  29. Web site: ONLINE. THT. 2021-06-04. All but four ministers replaced in Oli-cabinet, newly appointed ministers sworn-in. 2021-06-05. The Himalayan Times. en.
  30. Web site: Oli cabinet reshuffle: Here's the complete list with portfolios. 2021-06-05. OnlineKhabar English News. en-GB.
  31. Web site: Oli expands Cabinet. 2021-06-10. The Kathmandu Post. en-GB.
  32. Web site: Supreme Court quashes cabinet reshuffle. 2021-06-22. Khabarhub. en-GB.
  33. Web site: मन्त्रिपरिषद् विस्तारविरुद्ध सर्वोच्चको अन्तरिम आदेश : २० मन्त्री जिम्मेवारीमुक्त (आदेशको पूर्णपाठ). 2021-06-22. अन्‍नपूर्ण पोस्ट. ne.
  34. Web site: In a big blow to Oli, Supreme Court annuls appointments of 20 ministers. 2021-06-23. kathmandupost.com. English.
  35. Web site: SC rectifies verdict on cabinet reshuffle: Poudel cannot remain DPM. 2021-06-26. Khabarhub. en.
  36. Web site: Online. T. H. T.. 2021-06-24. Ministerial portfolios divided among remaining five cabinet members. 2021-06-26. The Himalayan Times. en.
  37. Web site: 12 July 2021. Nepal SC orders to appoint Sher Bahadur Deuba as PM within next 28 hours. live. https://web.archive.org/web/20210712082213/https://www.hindustantimes.com/world-news/nepal-sc-orders-to-appoint-sher-bahadur-deuba-as-pm-within-next-28-hours-101626077841170.html. 12 July 2021. 12 July 2021. Hindustan Times. en.
  38. Web site: देउवा प्रधानमन्त्री नियुक्त, ६ बजे शपथ. live. https://web.archive.org/web/20210713141604/https://ekantipur.com/news/2021/07/13/162616003151478723.html. 13 July 2021. 13 July 2021. ekantipur. ne.
  39. Web site: 13 July 2021. Sher Bahadur Deuba, Nepal's prime minister-elect, to keep cabinet small: Report. 13 July 2021. Hindustan Times. en.
  40. Web site: 2021-06-23. Nepal's top court removes most of cabinet in blow to caretaker PM. 2021-06-26. Reuters.
  41. Web site: Reappointment of former Maoist leaders as ministers unconstitutional: SC. Republica. 5 June 2021. 20 May 2021.
  42. Web site: Seven ministers, all from the Dahal-Nepal faction in ruling party, resign. 2021-02-28. kathmandupost.com. English.
  43. Web site: 2020-02-17. Newly appointed Law Minister Shivamaya Tumbahangphe takes oath of office. 2020-02-17. The Himalayan Times. en-US.
  44. Web site: November 26, 2019. Yadav takes charge of new ministry. 26 May 2020. The Himalayan Times.
  45. Web site: Yubaraj Khatiwada resigns as finance and communication minister. 2020-09-04. kathmandupost.com. English.
  46. Web site: 20 February 2020. Finance Minister to look after CIT Ministry. 2020-05-26. My Republica. en.
  47. Web site: 2020-01-11. Minister Dhakal, Baskota get responsibility of two more ministries. 2020-02-05. The Himalayan Times. en-US.
  48. Web site: 21 November 2019. Newly appointed ministers take oath. 26 May 2020. The Himalayan Times.
  49. Web site: Seven people, including tourism minister, killed in a helicopter crash. 2021-02-28. kathmandupost.com. English.
  50. Web site: 31 July 2019. Yogesh Bhattarai to take oath of office as tourism minister at 4 pm today. 31 July 2019. República.
  51. Web site: 24 July 2018. Law Minister Tamang calls it quits after controversial remarks. 3 August 2018. The Kathmandu Post.
  52. Web site: 3 August 2018. Dhakal appointed Law Minister. 3 August 2018. The Kathmandu Post.