Oleoylethanolamide Explained

Oleoylethanolamide (OEA) is an endogenous peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha (PPAR-α) agonist. It is a naturally occurring ethanolamide lipid that regulates feeding and body weight in vertebrates ranging from mice to pythons.[1] [2] [3]

OEA is a shorter, monounsaturated analogue of the endocannabinoid anandamide, but unlike anandamide it acts independently of the cannabinoid pathway, regulating PPAR-α activity to stimulate lipolysis.[4]

OEA is produced by the small intestine following feeding in two steps. First an N-acyl transferase (NAT) activity joins the free amino terminus of phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) to the oleoyl group (one variety of acyl group) derived from sn-1-oleoyl-phosphatidylcholine, which contains the fatty acid oleic acid at the sn-1 position.[5] This produces an N-acylphosphatidylethanolamine, which is then split (hydrolyzed) by N-acyl phosphatidylethanolamine-specific phospholipase D (NAPE-PLD) into phosphatidic acid and OEA. The biosynthesis of OEA and other bioactive lipid amides is modulated by bile acids.[6]

OEA has been demonstrated to bind to the novel cannabinoid receptor GPR119.[7] OEA has been suggested to be the receptor's endogenous ligand.[8]

OEA has been hypothesized to play a key role in the inhibition of food seeking behavior and in the lipolysis of brown bears "ursus arctos" during the hibernation season together with the alteration of the endocannabinoid system required for the metabolic changes for hibernation.[9]

OEA has been reported to lengthen the life span of the roundworm Caenorhabditis elegans through interactions with lysomal molecules.[10]

External links

Notes and References

  1. Gaetani S, Oveisi F, Piomelli D . Modulation of meal pattern in the rat by the anorexic lipid mediator oleoylethanolamine . Neuropsychopharmacology . 28 . 7 . 1311–6 . 2003 . 12700681 . 10.1038/sj.npp.1300166. free .
  2. Lo Verme J, Gaetani S, Fu J, Oveisi F, Burton K, Piomelli D . Regulation of food intake by oleoylethanolamine . Cell. Mol. Life Sci. . 62 . 6 . 708–16 . 2005 . 15770421 . 10.1007/s00018-004-4494-0. 26838764 .
  3. Postprandial increase of oleoylethanolamine mobilization in small intestine of the Burmese python (Python molurus). Giuseppe Astarita . Bryan C. Rourke . Johnnie B. Andersen . Jin Fu . Janet H. Kim . Albert F. Bennett . James W. Hicks . Daniele Piomelli . amp . Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol. 290. R1407–R1412. 2005-12-22. 10.1152/ajpregu.00664.2005. 16373434. 5. 11852711 .
  4. Gaetani S, Kaye WH, Cuomo V, Piomelli D . Role of endocannabinoids and their analogues in obesity and eating disorders . Eat Weight Disord . 13 . 3 . e42–8 . September 2008 . 19011363 .
  5. http://ajpregu.physiology.org/cgi/content/full/290/5/R1407/F4 illustration
  6. Magotti P, Bauer I, Igarashi M, Babagoli M, Marotta R, Piomelli D, Garau G . Structure of Human N-Acylphosphatidylethanolamine-Hydrolyzing Phospholipase D: Regulation of Fatty Acid Ethanolamide Biosynthesis by Bile Acids . Structure . 23 . 3 . Dec 2014 . 10.1016/j.str.2014.12.018 . 598–604 . 25684574 . 4351732.
  7. Overton HA, Babbs AJ, Doel SM, Fyfe MC, Gardner LS, Griffin G, Jackson HC, Procter MJ, Rasamison CM, Tang-Christensen M, Widdowson PS, Williams GM, Reynet C . Deorphanization of a G protein-coupled receptor for oleoylethanolamide and its use in the discovery of small-molecule hypophagic agents. . Cell Metab. . 3 . 3 . 167–175 . 2006 . 16517404 . 10.1016/j.cmet.2006.02.004 . free .
  8. Brown AJ. . Novel cannabinoid receptors. . Br J Pharmacol. 152 . 5 . 567–575 . 2007 . 17906678 . 10.1038/sj.bjp.0707481 . 2190013 .
  9. Boyer C, Cussonneau L, Brun C, Deval C, Pais de Barros JP, Chanon S, Bernoud-Hubac N, Daira P, Evans AL, Arnemo JM, Swenson JE, Gauquelin-Koch G, Simon C, Blanc S, Combaret L, Bertile F, Lefai E . Specific shifts in the endocannabinoid system in hibernating brown bears. . Frontiers in Zoology . 17 . 1 . 35 . 2020 . 33292302 . 10.1186/s12983-020-00380-y . 7681968 . free .
  10. Folick A, Oakley HD, Yu Y, Armstrong EH, Kumari M, Sanor L, Moore DD, Ortlund EA, Zechner R, Wang MC . Aging. Lysosomal signaling molecules regulate longevity in Caenorhabditis elegans . Science . 347 . 6217 . 83–6 . 2015 . 25554789 . 10.1126/science.1258857 . 4425353.

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