List of the oldest schools in the Philippines explained

See also: Dispute over the oldest school in the Philippines.

This is a list of educational institutions in the Philippines arranged according to the dates of their foundation. It comprises the list of the oldest schools in the Philippines sorted in various categories, and gives an overview of the development of education and higher learning in the Philippines. To be included in this list, an institution must satisfy a traditional definition of a formal educational institution at the time of its founding.

The oldest universities, colleges, vocational schools and the first modern public education system in Asia were created during the Spanish colonial period. The earliest schools were founded by Spanish Catholic missionaries. By the time Spain was replaced by the United States as the colonial power, Filipinos were among the most educated subjects in all of Asia.^[1]

Dispute over the oldest school

See main article: Dispute over the oldest school in the Philippines. The title of the oldest in the Philippines have been topic for debate between two educational institutions: the University of Santo Tomas and the University of San Carlos.^[2]

The University of Santo Tomas, established in 1611 as the Colegio de Nuestra Señora del Santisimo Rosario, is the oldest university in the Philippines. In 1935 the Commonwealth government of the Philippines through the Historical Research and Markers Committee declared that UST was "oldest university under the American flag."^[3] In the 1990s, the Intramuros Administration installed a marker on the original site of the University of Santo Tomas with the recognition that the university is the "oldest university in Asia."^[4] In 2011 Pope Benedict XVI recognized UST as "the oldest institution of Catholic higher education in the Far East,"^[5] while in 2012 the National Historical Commission of the Philippines published an online article recognizing UST as "Asia’s Oldest University".^[6]

However, University of San Carlos has opposed this recognition and claims that it is older than the University of Santo Tomas by 16 years by tracing its roots to the Colegio de San Ildefonso (established 1595).^[7] In 1995, University of San Carlos celebrated its Quadricentennial (400th Anniversary).^[8]

UST as Asia's Oldest University

Numerous scholars and official government bodies have reviewed the case. In 2010, the National Historical Commission of the Philippines installed a bronze marker declaring USC's foundation late in the 18th Century, effectively disproving any direct connection with the Colegio de San Ildefonso.^[9] According to Dr. Victor Torres of the De La Salle University, the University of San Carlos' claim dates back to 1948 only when USC was declared a university. Fidel Villarroel from the University of Santo Tomas argued that USC only took over the facility of the former Colegio de San Ildefonso and that there is no 'visible' and 'clear' link between San Carlos and San Ildefonso.^[10] Aloysius Cartagenas (a Cebuano), in a paper published by Philippiniana Sacra, stated that the correct foundation year of USC is 1867, and not 1595,^[11] while in 2012 the National Historical Commission of the Philippines cemented its previous position when it published an online article recognizing UST as "Asia’s Oldest University.

Oldest educational institutions

Current name/ Latest name before extinction	Year founded	Name at time of foundation	Founding order	Location upon foundation/ Last location if extinct	Current status	Current/Last affiliations	Type
Colegio de Santa Potenciana	1589	Colegio de Santa Potenciana	Franciscan Order	Intramuros, Manila	Defunct		Private	^[12] ^[13] ^[14] ^[15]
Universidad de San Ignacio	1590	Colegio de Manila	Society of Jesus	Intramuros, Manila	Defunct	Society of Jesus	Seminary, Pontifical, Royal, Private	^[16] ^[17]
Colegio de San Ildefonso	1595	Colegio de San Ildefonso	Society of Jesus	Cebu City	Defunct	Society of Jesus	Private	^[18] ^[19] ^[20]
Colegio y Seminario de San José	1601	Colegio de San Jose	Society of Jesus	Intramuros, Manila		Society of Jesus	Private	^[21] ^[22]
Real y Pontificia Universidad de Santo Tomás de Aquino (University of Santo Tomas, Manila)	1611	Colegio de Nuestra Señora de Santisimo Rosario	Dominican Order	Intramuros, Manila		Dominican Order	Private, Pontifical, Royal	^[23] ^[24]
Colegio de San Juan de Letran	1620	Colegio de Niños Huerfanos de San Juan de Letran	Don Juan Geronimo Guerrero	Intramuros, Manila	Active	Dominican Order	Private	^[25]
Colegio de Huérfanos de Santos Pedro y Pablo	1620	Colegio de Huérfanos de Santos Pedro y Pablo	Dominican Order	Intramuros, Manila	Defunct		Private
Colegio de San Juan de Letran	1620	Colegio de San Juan de Letran	Dominican Order	Intramuros, Manila		Dominican Order	Private	^[26]
Real Colegio de Santa Isabel (Santa Isabel College, Manila)	1632	Real Colegio de Santa Isabel		Intramuros, Manila		Daughters of Charity of Saint Vincent de Paul	Private	^[27] ^[28]
Universidad de San Felipe de Austria	1640	Universidad de San Felipe de Austria	Audiencia Real de Manila	Intramuros, Manila	Defunct		Public	^[29]

Oldest educational institutions in continuous operation

Current name	Traces origin to	Year founded	Founding order	Location upon foundation	Type	Current affiliations
Colegio y Seminario de San José	Colegio de San Jose	1601	Society of Jesus	Intramuros, Manila	Private	Jesuit
Real y Pontificia Universidad de Santo Tomás de Aquino (University of Santo Tomás, Manila)	Colegio de Nuestra Señora del Santísimo Rosario	1611	Dominican Order	Intramuros, Manila	Private, Pontifical, Royal	Dominican Order
Colegio de San Juan de Letran	Colegio de San Juan de Letran	1620	Dominican Order	Intramuros, Manila	Private	Dominican Order	^[30]
Real Colegio de Santa Isabel (Santa Isabel College, Manila)	Real Colegio de Santa Isabel	1632		Intramuros, Manila	Private, Royal	Daughters of Charity
San Carlos Seminary	Real y Conciliar Colegio de San Carlos	1702	Archdiocese of Manila	Intramuros, Manila	Seminary	Archdiocese of Manila	^[31]
Santa Catalina College	Beaterio Colegio de Santa Catalina de Siena	1706	Dominican Order	Intramuros, Manila	Private	Dominican Order	^[32] ^[33] ^[34] ^[35] ^[36]
St. Mary's College	Colegio del Beaterio	1725	Religious of the Virgin Mary	Intramuros, Manila	Private	Religious of the Virgin Mary
Colegio de Santa Rosa	Beaterio y Casa de Enseñanza	1750		Intramuros, Manila	Private	Daughters of Charity	^[37] ^[38] ^[39]
Seminario Mayor de San Carlos	Real Seminario de San Carlos	1783	Archdiocese of Cebu	Cebu City	Seminary	Society of the Divine Word	^[40]
Holy Rosary Minor Seminary	Casa de Clerigos	1793	Archdiocese of Caceres	Naga City	Seminary		Archdiocese of Caceres	^[41]
Immaculate Conception School of Theology, Vigan	Seminario de San Pablo	1822	Dominican Order	Vigan	Seminary	Archdiocese of Nueva Segovia	^[42] ^[43] ^[44] ^[45]
Ateneo de Manila University	Escuela Municipal de Manila	1859	Society of Jesus	Intramuros, Manila	Private	Jesuit
Saint Vincent Ferrer Seminary	Seminario-Colegio de San Vicente Ferrer	1869	Archdiocese of Jaro	Jaro, Iloilo City	Seminary	Archdiocese of Jaro	^[46] ^[47] ^[48]

Oldest educational institutions for girls

Current name	Year founded	Name at time of foundation	Founding order	Location upon foundation	Type	Current affiliations
Colegio de Santa Potenciana	1589	Colegio de Santa Potenciana	Franciscan Order	Intramuros, Manila	Private
Santa Isabel College Manila	1632	Real Colegio de Santa Isabel		Intramuros, Manila	Private	Daughters of Charity of St. Vincent de Paul
Santa Catalina College	1706	Beaterio Colegio de Santa Catalina de Siena	Dominican Order	Intramuros, Manila	Private	Dominican Order
St. Mary's College	1725	Colegio del Beaterio	Religious of the Virgin Mary	Intramuros, Manila	Private	Religious of the Virgin Mary
Colegio de Santa Rosa	1750	Beaterio y Casa de Enseñanza		Intramuros, Manila	Private	Daughters of Charity
Universidad de Sta. Isabel	1867	Colegio de Santa Isabel	Daughters of Charity	Naga City	Private	Daughters of Charity	^[49] ^[50] ^[51] ^[52]
Concordia College	1868	Colegio de la Inmaculada Concepcion de la Concordia	Daughters of Charity	Manila	Private	Daughters of Charity	^[53] ^[54] ^[55]
Colegio de la Inmaculada Concepcion	1880	Colegio de la Inmaculada Concepcion	Hermanitas de la Madre de Dios	Cebu City	Private	Daughters of Charity	^[56] ^[57] ^[58] ^[59]
La Consolacion College Manila	1902	Colegio de Nuestra Señora de la Consolacion	Order of Saint Augustine	Mendiola, Manila	Private, Roman Catholic, Coeducational	Order of Saint Augustine	^[60]
Assumption College San Lorenzo	1904	Assumption Convent	Religious of the Assumption	Manila	Private	Religious of the Assumption
St. Scholastica's College Manila	1906	St. Scholastica's College Manila	Order of Saint Benedict	Manila	Private	Order of Saint Benedict	^[61]
St. Scholastica's College Manila	1906	St. Scholastica's College Manila	Order of Saint Benedict	Manila	Private	Order of Saint Benedict
St. Paul University Manila	1912	St. Paul University Manila	Sisters of St. Paul of Chartres	Manila	Private	Sisters of St. Paul of Chartres
Centro Escolar University	1907	Centro Escolar de Señoritas		Manila	Private, Non-Sectarian		^[62]
Notes

Oldest public educational institutions

Current name	Year founded	Name at time of foundation	Location upon foundation
Universidad de San Felipe de Austria	1640	Universidad de San Felipe de Austria	Intramuros, Manila
Philippine Merchant Marine Academy	1820	Escuela Nautica de Manila	Zambales	^[63]
Don Honorio Ventura Technological State University	1861	Escuela De Artes y Oficios De Bacolor	Pampanga	^[64]
Baguio Central School	1899		Baguio	^[65]
Baluarte Elementary School	1905		Molo, Iloilo City	^[66]

Educational institutions with the oldest university charters

Name	Year of university charter	Charter granted by	Location upon foundation	Type
Universidad de San Ignacio	1621	Philip IV of Spain	Manila	Private
Universidad de San Felipe de Austria	1640	Real Audiencia de Manila	Intramuros, Manila	Public
University of Santo Tomas	1645	Pope Innocent X, Philip IV of Spain	Manila	Private
Universidad Literaria de Filipinas	1898	Philippine Revolutionary government	Intramuros, Manila	Public	^[67] ^[68] ^[69]
University of the Philippines Manila	1908	American Civil government	Manila	Public	^[70] ^[71]
University of the Philippines Los Baños	1909	American Civil government	Los Baños, Laguna	Public
University of the Philippines Visayas	1918	American Civil government	Miagao, Iloilo	Public	^[72]
Centro Escolar University	1932	Philippine Commonwealth government	Manila	Private
Far Eastern University	1933	Philippine Commonwealth government	Manila	Private	^[73]
Silliman University	1938	Philippine Commonwealth government	Dumaguete	Private	^[74]
Adamson University	1941	Philippine Commonwealth government	Manila	Private	^[75]
University of the Philippines Diliman	1949	Philippine government	Quezon City	Public
University of San Agustin	1953	Philippine government	Iloilo City	Private	^[76]

Oldest seminaries

Current name	Year founded	Name at time of foundation	Founding order	Location upon foundation	Current affiliations	s
Universidad de San Ignacio	1590	Colegio de Manila	Society of Jesus	Manila
San José Seminary	1601	Colegio de San José	Society of Jesus	Intramuros, Manila	Jesuit
University of Santo Tomas Central Seminary	1611	Colegio de Nuestra Señora de Santisimo Rosario	Dominican Order	Intramuros, Manila	Dominican Order	^[77]
San Carlos Seminary	1702	Real y Conciliar Colegio de San Carlos	Archdiocese of Manila	Intramuros, Manila	Archdiocese of Manila
Seminario Mayor de San Carlos	1783	Real Seminario de San Carlos	Archdiocese of Cebu	Cebu City	Society of the Divine Word
Holy Rosary Minor Seminary	1793	Casa de Clerigos	Archdiocese of Caceres	Naga City		Archdiocese of Caceres
Immaculate Conception School of Theology, Vigan	1822	Seminario de San Pablo	Dominican Order	Vigan	Archdiocese of Nueva Segovia
Saint Vincent Ferrer Seminary	1869	Seminario-Colegio de San Vicente Ferrer	Archdiocese of Jaro	Jaro, Iloilo City	Archdiocese of Jaro

Oldest law schools

Name	Year founded	Educational institution	Location upon foundation
University of Santo Tomas Faculty of Civil Law	1734	University of Santo Tomas	Intramuros, Manila	^[78]
Universidad de San Ignacio Facultad de Derecho Civil	1734	Universidad de San Ignacio	Intramuros, Manila
Universidad Literaria de Filipinas Civil Law	1898	Universidad Literaria de Filipinas	Manila
Manila Law College	1899	Manila Law College	Manila	^[79] ^[80]
University of the Philippines College of Law	1911	University of the Philippines	Manila	^[81]
University of Manila College of Law	1913	University of Manila	Manila	^[82]
Philippine Law School	1915	Philippine Law School	Manila	^[83] ^[84]
University of Manila College of Law	1918	University of Manila	Manila	^[85] ^[86]
	1934	Far Eastern University	Manila	^[87]
Silliman University College of Law	1935	Silliman University	Dumaguete	^[88]
Ateneo Law School	1936	Ateneo de Manila University	Quezon City	^[89]
University of San Carlos School of Law and Governance	1937	University of San Carlos	Cebu City	^[90]
Arellano University School of Law	1938	Arellano University	Pasay City	^[91]

Oldest schools of medicine

Name	Year founded	Educational institution	Location upon foundation
University of Santo Tomas Faculty of Medicine and Surgery	1871	University of Santo Tomas	Intramuros, Manila	^[92]
University of the Philippines College of Medicine	1905	University of the Philippines Manila	Manila	^[93]
Southwestern University Matias H. Aznar Memorial College of Medicine, Inc.	1946	Southwestern University	Cebu	^[94]
Manila Central University College of Medicine	1947	Manila Central University	Manila	^[95]
FEU NRMF – Institute of Medicine	1952	Far Eastern University	Manila	^[96]
UERMMMC College of Medicine	1956	University of the East	Manila	^[97]
Cebu Institute of Medicine	1957	Cebu Institute of Medicine	Cebu	^[98]
Lyceum Northwestern University Dr. Francisco Q. Duque Medical Foundation	1974	Lyceum-Northwestern University	Pangasinan	^[99]
West Visayas State University College of Medicine	1975	West Visayas State University	Iloilo	^[100]
Virgen Milagrosa University Foundation College of Medicine	1975	Virgen Milagrosa University Foundation	Pangasinan	^[101]

Oldest normal schools

Current name	Year founded	Name at time of foundation	Location upon foundation
Universidad de Sta. Isabel	1875	Escuela Normal de Maestras of Colegio de Sta. Isabel	Camarines Sur	^[102]
Philippine Normal University	1901	Philippine Normal School	Manila	^[103]
West Visayas State University	1902	Iloilo Normal School	Iloilo	^[104]

Oldest schools of engineering

Name	Year founded	Educational institution	Location upon foundation
University of Santo Tomas Faculty of Engineering	1907	University of Santo Tomas	Intramuros, Manila	^[105]
Mapúa University	1925	Mapúa University	Manila	^[106]

See also

• Education in the Philippines
  • Education in the Philippines during Spanish rule
  • Education in the Philippines during American rule
• Higher education in the Philippines
  • Medical education in the Philippines
  • Legal education in the Philippines
  • List of universities and colleges in the Philippines
  • List of Catholic universities and colleges in the Philippines

Notes and References

1. Book: Coleman . Ambrose . The Friars in the Philippines . 1899 . Boston . Marlier, Callanan . 17–59.
2. https://todayscarolinian.net/ust-usc-engages-in-friendly-debate/ UST, USC engages in friendly debate
3. https://www.hmdb.org/m.asp?m=72333&fbclid=IwAR0v7xr3b8_u9ev64tnBLbK7ihYYMRtJvQeWN9R1kWJmNcxwkzbsCNXVCQg The Historical Marker Database
4. https://www.hmdb.org/m.asp?m=25286 University of Santo Tomas
5. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=oBM832jp_8M&t=&fbclid=IwAR1dKm1YEa8rI1Eaotj1fsqTt4B9Fle0cfI18IkvEMu6k7G7akmPsyUoZNY The Papal Message from Pope Benedict XVI to the Pontifical and Royal University of Santo Tomas
6. http://nhcp.gov.ph/asias-oldest-university-the-royal-and-pontifical-university-of-santo-tomas/ Asia’s Oldest University, The Royal and Pontifical University of Santo Tomas
7. http://www.usc.edu.ph/about/history About USC
8. https://www.pressreader.com/philippines/philippine-daily-inquirer-1109/20110127/282587374438039 No contest: UST is oldest university
9. https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:University_of_San_Carlos_historical_marker.jpg NHCP historical marker for University of San Carlos in Cebu City
10. https://varsitarian.net/news/20110126/ust_is_oldest_period UST is oldest, period
11. https://ejournals.ph/article.php?id=9156&fbclid=IwAR0i59r1M_hHP0yhOjTbHpWptjpC_0XnLONY8iYemgwG2MudibsxGiOV2II Which Is the Oldest University? Revisiting the Conflicting Claims of the University of Santo Tomas,Manila and University of San Carlos, Cebu in Light of the Historyof Seminario (Mayor) de San Carlos of Cebu
12. http://www.philippinehistory.net/1617santapotenciana.htm Grant to the seminary of Santa Potenciana, 1617
13. http://intramuros2007.wordpress.com/2007/02/18/real-colegio-de-santa-potenciana/ Real Colegio de Santa Potenciana
14. Perez Dasmarinas, Luis. Letters from Luis Perez Dasmariñas to Felipe II. In The Philippine Islands, 1493-1898. Ohio: A.H. Clark Company, 1903-9. Vol. 9
15. http://filipinocorner.blogspot.com/2010/11/ang-edukasyon-sa-panahon-ng-mga-kastila.html Ang edukasyon sa panahon ng mga Kastila
16. http://www.ateneo.edu/index.php?p=348 The First Hundred Years of the Ateneo de Manila
17. http://www.plm.edu.ph/university-profile/geographical-plm.html Geographical History
18. http://usc.edu.ph/about_usc/about_usc_usc_history.jsp About USC: University of San Carlos
19. http://newsinfo.inquirer.net/inquirerheadlines/nation/view/20110127-316853/No-contest-UST-is-oldest-university No contest: UST is oldest university
20. http://www.varsitarian.net/news/20110126/ust_is_oldest_period UST is oldest, period
21. http://sanjoseseminary.org/about-us/history History of Colegio de San Jose / San Jose Seminary
22. http://monkshobbit.wordpress.com/2009/10/11/fr-miguel-a-bernad-s-j-colegio-de-san-jose-1601-2001-a-quick-survey-of-the-turbulent-400-year-history-of-an-educational-institution/ Fr. Miguel A. Bernad, S.J.: "Colegio de San José (1601–2001): A Quick Survey of the Turbulent 400-year History of an Educational Institution"
23. Book: Lim-Pe, Josefina . The University of Santo Tomas in the Twentieth Century . University of Santo Tomas Press, Manila . 1973 . 1–19.
24. http://www.ust.edu.ph/index.php/history.html History of the University of Santo Tomas
25. http://www.letran.edu/main/thecolegio/history/ History of Colegio de San Juan de Letran
26. http://thelance.letran.edu/jun2005/f4_jun2005.htm A Knight's Tale
27. http://santaisabel.dcphilippines.org/ Santa Isabel College
28. http://intramuros2007.wordpress.com/2007/02/18/colegio-de-santa-isabel/ Colegio de Santa Isabel
29. https://archive.today/20130131094212/http://www.philstar.com/Article.aspx?articleid=533258 The first university
30. http://siva-ph.jobstreet.com/_profile/previewProfile.asp?advertiser_id=7465&dept_id=0 Colegio de Huerfanos de San Pedro y San Pablo
31. http://www.scs.edu.ph/ San Carlos Seminary website
32. http://intramuros2007.wordpress.com/2007/02/18/colegio-de-santa-catalina/ History of the Colegio de Santa Catalina
33. http://www.motherfrancisca-opsiena.net.ph/History%20&%20Mission/Chapter1Thesis/chapter1a.htm The Beaterio de Sta. Catalina de Siena of Manila: Its Beginnings
34. http://www.motherfrancisca-opsiena.net.ph/Biography/brief%20accounts.htm Brief accounts on the Mother Foundress and the Beaterio de Santa Catalina de Siena now the Congregation of Dominican Sisters of St. Catherine of Siena
35. http://www.motherfrancisca-opsiena.net.ph/ Mother Francisca del Espiritu Santo
36. http://www.filipiniana.net/publication/nolime-tangerehuag-acong-salangin-nino-man-pascual-poblete-filipinotranslation/12791881586877/66/16 Noli Me Tangere/Huag Acong Salangin Nino Man: Pascual Poblete Filipino translation by Rizal, Jose
37. http://geodeg.com/search.php?q=school+manila&language=&country=168&n=240
38. http://tl.scribd.com/doc/56071251/Ito-Ang-Mga-Kolehiyong-Itinatag-Ng-Mga-Paring-Kastila-Sa-Pilipinas Ito ang mga kolehiyong itinatag ng mga paring Kastila sa Pilipinas
39. http://traveleronfoot.wordpress.com/2010/04/25/the-legend-of-the-twisted-sword/ Colegio de Sta. Rosa’s Legend of the Twisted Sword
40. http://www.moic.smsc.edu.ph/about-us/history-and-heritage History and Heritage
41. http://minorsem.bayandsl.ph/history.html Holy Rosary Minor Seminary History
42. http://www.icstvigan.org.ph/ABOUT_ICST/HISTORY.html Immaculate Conception School of Theology history
43. http://claretianpublications.com/index.php/diocese/548-archdiocese-of-nueva-segovia Archdiocese of Nueva Segovia
44. http://www.ucanews.com/diocesan-directory/html/dps-pr_nueva_segovia_seminary.html Seminaries, Houses of Formation
45. http://nschancery.wordpress.com/about/ Nueva Segovia Chancery directory
46. Web site: History – St. Vincent Ferrer Seminary . 2023-12-21 . svfs1869.org.
47. Web site: 2017-05-26 . 07. Archdiocese of Jaro . 2023-12-21 . www.claretianpublications.com . en-gb.
48. Web site: Solinap . Leo . 2019-11-23 . Saint Vincent Ferrer Seminary to celebrate 150 years of existence . 2023-12-21 . SunStar Publishing Inc. . en.
49. http://www.usi.edu.ph/Inside%20USI/USI_History.html Universidad de Santa Isabel history
50. http://www.nursingguide.ph/directory_item-345/Universidad_de_Sta_Isabel.html Universidad de Sta. Isabel
51. http://www.mb.com.ph/node/121253#.UJOEF28xo1M Universidad de Sta. Isabel: 137 Years Young (The Best of Catholic Vincentian Education)
52. http://famvin.org/wiki/Universidad_de_Sta._Isabel
53. http://www.concordia.dcphilippines.org/site/AboutUs.htm History of Concordia College
54. http://www.filipinaslibrary.org.ph/ayala-memory/55-ayala-milestones/166-may-3-1868 A page in Ayala’s history: May 3, 1868
55. http://www.filipiniana.net/publication/noli--tangerethe-social-cancer-charles-derbyshire-english-translation/12791881586437/70/15 Noli Me Tangere/The Social Cancer: Charles Derbyshire English translation by Rizal, Jose
56. http://cic-c.dcphilippines.org/history.php Colegio de la Inmaculada Concepcion History
57. http://www.everythingcebu.com/cebu-profile-basic-info/schools/colegio-de-la-inmaculada-concepcion/ Colegio de la Inmaculada Concepción
58. http://ciccebuonline.blogspot.com/p/vision-mission.htmlColegio de la Inmaculada Concepcion - Cebu
59. http://www.allaboutcebu.com/schools-and-universities-in-cebu.html Schools and Universities in Cebu
60. [La Consolacion College Manila]
61. http://www.ssc.edu.ph/centennial%20website/history_History%20of%20ssc.html History of St. Scholastica's College
62. http://www.ceu.edu.ph/the-university
63. https://www.pmma.edu.ph/about-pmma/ About Philippine Merchant Marine Academy
64. http://www.dhvsu.edu.ph/index.php/dhvsu/history History
65. Web site: oldest-elementary-school-country-marks-116th-anniversary-429142 . September 8, 2015 . Oldest elementary school in country marks 116th anniversary . February 18, 2023 . SUNSTAR . en.
66. Web site: 132 nd Birth Anniversary of Don Rosendo M. Mejica . 2023-12-21 . www.thenewstoday.info.
67. https://archive.today/20130131094212/http://www.philstar.com/Article.aspx?articleid=533258 The First University
68. http://www.filipiniana.net/publication/dekreto-noong-19-oktubre-1898-na-nagtatatag-ng-universidad-literaria-de-filipinas-decree-of-19-october-1898-establishing-the-literary-university-of-the-philippines/12791881689533 Decree of 19 October 1898, establishing the Literary University of the Philippines by Aguinaldo, Emilio
69. http://www.mb.com.ph/node/39932#.UIx7uG8xo1M Universidad Literaria de Filipinas
70. http://www.up.edu.ph/site/content7a0b.html?r=2&c=2 About UP
71. http://www.up.edu.ph/site/content3eed.html?r=2&c=19 UP Manila
72. http://www.upv.edu.ph/upv/index.php/about-upv About UPV
73. Web site: The Story of FEU • Far Eastern University . 2023-10-13 . Far Eastern University . en.
74. http://su.edu.ph/page/10-History History: Silliman's Journey of Over a Century
75. https://web.archive.org/web/20130411103738/http://www.adamson.edu.ph/?page=history Adamson University history
76. http://www.usa.edu.ph/?q=node/5 University of San Agustin Historical Milestones
77. http://www.ust.edu.ph/index.php/landmarks/112-central-seminary.html UST Central Seminary History
78. http://opinion.inquirer.net/inquireropinion/columns/view/20080813-154256/Royal-and-Pontifical Royal and Pontifical
79. http://www.mlc.edu.ph/ About Manila Law College
80. http://eskwelahan.com/metromanila/mnl_mlc.html Manila Law College (formerly Manila Law College Foundation)
81. http://www.law.upd.edu.ph/index.php?option=com_content&view=category&id=34&Itemid=53 A brief history of the UP College of Law
82. http://www.um.edu.ph/ University of Manila history
83. [Philippine Law School]
84. http://eskwelahan.com/metromanila/pas_pls.html The Philippine Law School
85. http://newsinfo.inquirer.net/70505/did-you-know-university-of-manila Did you know: University of Manila
86. http://ph.88db.com/Education-and-Lessons/Colleges-and-Universities/ad-52159/ Ninety Years of the University of Manila
87. https://www.feu.edu.ph/index.php/institutes/institute-of-law/ Far Eastern University Institute of Law
88. http://su.edu.ph/college/law/history/ History of Silliman University College of Law
89. http://www.ateneo.edu/index.php?p=894 Ateneo Law School
90. http://usc.edu.ph/school-of-law-and-governance/ University of San Carlos School of Law and Governance
91. https://arellanolaw.edu/about Arellano University School of Law
92. http://medicine.ust.edu.ph/about-us.html About Us
93. http://upcm.ph/history/ History of the University of the Philippines College of Medicine
94. http://mham.edu.ph/wp/mhammedicine/ Matias H. Aznar Memorial College of Medicine
95. http://www.mcu.edu.ph/stag/?page_id=8712 A Rich History and Track Record of Success
96. https://www.feu-nrmf.ph/foundation/history History of the Far Eastern University Institute of Medicine
97. https://uerm.edu.ph/aboutus/history History of the University of the East Rammon Magsaysay Memorial Medical Center
98. http://cim.edu.ph/about-us/ About us
99. https://lyceum.edu.ph/history/ History of the Lyceum-Northwestern University
100. https://wvsu.edu.ph/history/ History
101. http://www.vmuf.edu.ph/# Virgen Milagrosa University Foundation College of Medicine
102. https://www.usi.edu.ph/Inside%20USI/USIONE_History.html Milestones in the History of One USI
103. https://www.pnu.edu.ph/about-pnu/history-and-milestone/ History and Milestone A Brief History of the Philippine Normal University
104. https://wvsu.edu.ph/history/ History
105. https://www.bulsu.edu.ph/about/history
106. https://ched.gov.ph/wp-content/uploads/2017/10/Mapua-University.pdf Mapua University