Old Gallo-Romance language explained
Old Gallo-Romance is a Romance language spoken from around 600 to 900 AD.[1] It evolved from the Vulgar Latin spoken by the Gallo-Romans during the time of Clovis I's successors belonging to the Merovingian dynasty.[2]
Characteristics
- Like other Romance languages, Old-Gallo Romance distinguished the masculine and feminine forms.[3]
- The noun forms in Old Gallo-Romance was reduced two from the Latin six, as shown in Old Occitan and Old French, with the nomantive ending being -s.[4] [5] [6]
- Old Gallo-Italic appears to have used V2 word order.[7]
Literature
Old Gallo-Romance literature consists of a few texts, with them including the Oaths of Strasbourg (also written in Old High Frankish).[8] [9] [10] Texts that precede the Oaths of Strasbourg include the Kassel and Reichenau glosses.
Sample text
The following text is Louis the German's oath in the Oaths of Strasbourg (843), which was sworn in Romance.
French, Old (842-ca.1400);: Pro Deo amur et pro christian poblo et nostro commun saluament, d'ist di en auant, in quant Deus sauir et podir me dunat, si saluarai eo cist meon fradre Karlo, et in adiudha et in cadhuna cosa, si cum om per dreit son fradra saluar dift, in o quid il mi altresi fazet. Et ab Ludher nul plaid nunquam prindrai qui meon uol cist meon fradre Karle in damno sit.
English translation:For the love of God and Christiandom and our joint salvation, from this day onward, to the best of my knowledge and abilities granted by God, I shall protect my brother Charles by any means possible, as one ought to protect one's brother, insofar as he does the same for me, and I shall never willingly enter into a pact with Lothair against the interests of my brother Charles
References
- Web site: Gallo-Romance . 2024-06-24 . The Free Dictionary . en.
- Book: Watson, Nicholas . Balaam's Ass: Vernacular Theology Before the English Reformation: Volume 1: Frameworks, Arguments, English to 1250 . 2022-06-21 . University of Pennsylvania Press . 978-0-8122-9834-5 . 30 . en.
- Book: Loporcaro, Michele . Gender from Latin to Romance: History, Geography, Typology . 2018 . Oxford University Press . 978-0-19-965654-7 . 206–207 . en.
- Book: Dufter . Andreas . Manual of Romance Morphosyntax and Syntax . Stark . Elisabeth . 2017-09-25 . Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG . 978-3-11-037708-8 . 101 . en.
- Book: Lema . José . Theoretical Analyses on Romance Languages: Selected Papers from the 26th Linguistic Symposium on Romance Languages (LSRL XXVI), Mexico City, 28-30 March, 1996 . Treviño . Esthela . 1998-01-01 . John Benjamins Publishing . 978-90-272-3662-3 . 108 . en.
- Book: Jr, Robert A. Hall . Proto-Romance Morphology: Comparative Romance Grammar . 1984-01-01 . John Benjamins Publishing . 978-90-272-8014-5 . en.
- Book: Ledgeway . Adam . The Cambridge Handbook of Historical Syntax . Roberts . Ian . 2017-03-09 . Cambridge University Press . 978-1-316-72058-5 . 64 . en.
- http://www.universalis.fr/encyclopedie/moyen-age-l-affirmation-des-langues-vulgaires/ « Moyen Âge : l'affirmation des langues vulgaires »
- [Bernard Cerquiglini]
- Conference of Claude Hagège at the historical museum of Strasbourg,, (read online)
External links
