| State: | Oklahoma |
| District Number: | 2 |
| Image Caption: | Interactive map of district boundaries since January 3, 2023 |
| Representative: | Josh Brecheen |
| Party: | Republican |
| Residence: | Coalgate |
| Percent Urban: | 35.51 |
| Percent Rural: | 64.49 |
| Population: | 802,111 |
| Population Year: | 2022 |
| Median Income: | $50,776[1] |
| Percent White: | 60.5 |
| Percent Hispanic: | 5.6 |
| Percent Black: | 3.0 |
| Percent Asian: | 0.7 |
| Percent Native American: | 18.0 |
| Percent More Than One Race: | 11.8 |
| Percent Other Race: | 0.4 |
| Cpvi: | R+29[2] |
Oklahoma's 2nd congressional district is one of five United States congressional districts in Oklahoma and covers approximately one-fourth of the state in the east. The district borders Arkansas, Kansas, Missouri, and Texas and includes (in whole or in part) a total of 24 counties.[3] With a Cook Partisan Voting Index rating of R+29, it is the most Republican district in Oklahoma, a state with an all-Republican congressional delegation.[2]
Historically, the district has supported conservative Democrats, and was reckoned as a classic Yellow dog Democrat district. However, the growing Republican trend in the state has overtaken the district since the start of the 21st century. In the last two elections, the Republican presidential candidate has carried it by the largest margin in the state. Urban voters comprise a third of the district.
The district is represented by Republican Josh Brecheen, becoming only the third Republican to hold the seat since 1923. Brecheen was first elected in 2022, following the retirement of five-term Republican incumbent Markwayne Mullin, who was elected to the United States Senate.
The district borders Kansas to the north, Missouri and Arkansas to the east, and Texas (along the Red River) to the south. It covers all or part of 26 counties. It includes the remainder of Rogers County (including the county seat of Claremore) that is not included in the 1st district, and then, also, all of the following counties: Adair, Nowata, Craig, Ottawa, Mayes, Delaware, Cherokee, Okmulgee, Muskogee, Sequoyah, Okfuskee, McIntosh, Haskell, LeFlore, Hughes, Pittsburg, Latimer, Coal, Atoka, Pushmataha, McCurtain, Choctaw, Bryan, Marshall and Johnston.
Some of the principal cities in the district include Miami, Claremore, Muskogee, Tahlequah, Okmulgee, McAlester, and Durant.
The northern half of the district includes most of the area of Oklahoma referred to as Green Country, while the southern half of the district includes a part of Oklahoma often referred to as Little Dixie. It contains the majority of lands in the Choctaw Nation and the Cherokee Nation, as well as smaller parts of the Creek and Chickasaw nations.
In the 20th century, the district heavily favored conservative Democratic candidates, being represented in the House only by Democrats from 1923 to 1994. The district's Democratic leanings stem partly from historic migration patterns into the state– the Little Dixie region of the district imported the people and culture of southern states such as Mississippi after Reconstruction.[4] Voter registration in Little Dixie ran as high as 90 percent Democratic in the past. Additionally, Native Americans in the region tend to vote for Democratic candidates and they have helped Democratic candidates win statewide elections.
The district first shifted Republican in electing Tom Coburn in 1994, who vacated the seat due to a self-imposed term limit pledge (he was elected to the United States Senate 4 years later). It was held by conservative Democrats Brad Carson and Dan Boren from 2001 to 2012. Since the 2012 election, the 2nd district has been safely Republican at all levels including the House: it was represented by Markwayne Mullin from 2013. Mullin assumed office as a U.S. Senator in 2023, and was succeeded as the Representative from the 2nd district by fellow Republican Josh Brecheen.
Presidentially, this was the best-performing district for Democrats in the 20th century; Bill Clinton was the last Democratic presidential candidate to win the district, easily carrying it in 1992 and 1996. Since then it has been safely Republican: George W. Bush received 59 percent of the vote in this district in 2004, John McCain received 66 percent of the vote in this district in 2008, and in 2020, Donald Trump won one of the highest percentages for a Republican presidential candidate, winning 76% of the vote to only 22% for the Democratic candidate Joe Biden. Muskogee has produced six representatives, more than any other city in the district. Tahlequah has produced three representatives, the second most of any city in the district.
According to the 2000 U.S. census, the district is 35.51 percent urban, 23.95 percent non-white, and has a population that is 2.40 percent Latino and 1.36 percent foreign-born.[5] The district has a higher percentage of Native Americans than any other congressional district in Oklahoma.[6] Its representative, Josh Brecheen, is one of four Native Americans currently serving in Congress.[7]
| Year | Results | |
|---|---|---|
| 2000 | Bush 53–47% | |
| 2004 | Bush 59–41% | |
| 2008 | McCain 66–34% | |
| 2012 | Romney 68–32% | |
| 2016 | Trump 73–23% | |
| 2020 | Trump 76–22% |
| Name | Party | Years | Cong ress | Electoral history | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| District established November 15, 1907 | |||||||
| align=left | Elmer L. Fulton | Democratic | nowrap | November 16, 1907 – March 3, 1909 | Elected in 1907. Lost re-election. | ||
| align=left | Dick T. Morgan | Republican | nowrap | March 4, 1909 – March 3, 1915 | Elected in 1908. Re-elected in 1910. Re-elected in 1912. Redistricted to the . | ||
| align=left | William Hastings | Democratic | nowrap | March 4, 1915 – March 3, 1921 | Elected in 1914. Re-elected in 1916. Re-elected in 1918. Lost re-election. | ||
| align=left | Alice Robertson | Republican | nowrap | March 4, 1921 – March 3, 1923 | Elected in 1920. Lost re-election. | ||
| align=left | William Hastings | Democratic | nowrap | March 4, 1923 – January 3, 1935 | Elected again in 1922. Re-elected in 1924. Re-elected in 1926. Re-elected in 1928. Re-elected in 1930. Re-elected in 1932. Retired. | ||
| align=left | John C. Nichols | Democratic | nowrap | January 3, 1935 – July 3, 1943 | Elected in 1934. Re-elected in 1936. Re-elected in 1938. Re-elected in 1940. Re-elected in 1942. Resigned to become vice president of Transcontinental & Western Air, Inc. | ||
| nowrap colspan=2 | Vacant | nowrap | July 3, 1943 – March 28, 1944 | ||||
| align=left | William G. Stigler | Democratic | nowrap | March 28, 1944 – August 21, 1952 | Elected to finish Nichols's term. Re-elected in 1944. Re-elected in 1946. Re-elected in 1948. Re-elected in 1950. Died. | ||
| nowrap colspan=2 | Vacant | nowrap | August 21, 1952 – January 3, 1953 | ||||
| align=left | Ed Edmondson | Democratic | nowrap | January 3, 1953 – January 3, 1973 | Elected in 1952. Re-elected in 1954. Re-elected in 1956. Re-elected in 1958. Re-elected in 1960. Re-elected in 1962. Re-elected in 1964. Re-elected in 1966. Re-elected in 1968. Re-elected in 1970. Retired to run for U.S. Senator. | ||
| align=left | Clem McSpadden | Democratic | nowrap | January 3, 1973 – January 3, 1975 | Elected in 1972. Retired to run for Governor of Oklahoma. | ||
| align=left | Ted Risenhoover | Democratic | nowrap | January 3, 1975 – January 3, 1979 | Elected in 1974. Re-elected in 1976. Lost renomination. | ||
| align=left | Mike Synar | Democratic | nowrap | January 3, 1979 – January 3, 1995 | Elected in 1978. Re-elected in 1980. Re-elected in 1982. Re-elected in 1984. Re-elected in 1986. Re-elected in 1988. Re-elected in 1990. Re-elected in 1992. Lost renomination. | ||
| align=left | Tom Coburn | Republican | nowrap | January 3, 1995 – January 3, 2001 | Elected in 1994. Re-elected in 1996. Re-elected in 1998. Retired to practice medicine. | ||
| align=left | Brad Carson | Democratic | nowrap | January 3, 2001 – January 3, 2005 | Elected in 2000. Re-elected in 2002. Retired to run for U.S. Senator. | ||
| align=left | Dan Boren | Democratic | nowrap | January 3, 2005 – January 3, 2013 | Elected in 2004. Re-elected in 2006. Re-elected in 2008. Re-elected in 2010. Retired. | ||
| align=left | Markwayne Mullin | Republican | nowrap | January 3, 2013 – January 3, 2023 | Elected in 2012. Re-elected in 2014. Re-elected in 2016. Re-elected in 2018. Re-elected in 2020. Retired to run for U.S. Senator. | ||
| align=left | Josh Brecheen | Republican | January 3, 2023 – present | Elected in 2022. | |||