Ocenebra erinaceus explained

Ocenebra erinaceus, common name the European sting winkle, is a species of predatory sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusc in the family Muricidae, the murex and rock snails. Also known as the oyster drill, it is a pest in oyster beds.

The name Ocenebra erinaceus is the accepted name according to the database World Register of Marine Species (WoRMS),^[1] and the name is also accepted as valid by the ICZN (Op. 886) ^[2]

Description

The size of the shell varies between 8 mm and 65 mm. The shell has four to seven varicose, nodulous, encircled by prominent cord-like, raised ribs. These are alternately smaller, the smaller ones minutely scabrous. The varices are sometimes frondose, sometimes lamellated, occasionally appressed. Occasionally the larger revolving ribs thickly overlap the varices, forming a succession of elongated nodules The color of the shell is yellowish-brown and whitish within.^[3]

Distribution

This marine species occurs in European waters from Norway to the Black Sea; in the Atlantic Ocean off the Azores and Madeira

Synonyms

• Cenebra erinacea
• Murex bicristatus Risso, 1826
• Murex cinguliferus Lamarck, 1822
• Murex duthiersi Velain, 1877
• Murex erinaceus Linnaeus, 1758 (original combination)
  • Murex erinaceus var. amirrus de Gregorio, 1885
  • Murex erinaceus var. benisafiensis Koch in Pallary, 1900
  • Murex erinaceus var. conspersa Dautzenberg, 1887
  • Murex erinaceus var. depauperata Dautzenberg, 1887
  • Murex erinaceus var. fasciata Dautzenberg, 1887
  • Murex erinaceus var. fusca Dautzenberg, 1887
  • Murex erinaceus var. major Dautzenberg, 1920
  • Murex erinaceus var. mutica Dautzenberg & Durouchoux, 1913
  • Murex erinaceus var. sculpta Jeffreys, 1867
  • Murex erinaceus var. thersites Coen, 1933
  • Murex erinaceus var. triquetra Coen, 1933
  • Murex erinaceus var. venetiana de Gregorio in Coen, 1933
  • Murex erinaceus var. viriditincta Dautzenberg & Fischer, 1925
• Murex hanleyi Dautzenberg, 1887
• Murex imbricatus Chiereghini in Nardo, 1847
• Murex labiosus Chiereghini in Nardo, 1847
• Murex orbignyanus Risso, 1826
• Murex pirotectus de Gregorio, 1885
• Murex tarantinus Lamarck, 1822
• Murex triquetra Risso, 1826
• Murex ungulatus Chiereghini in Nardo, 1847
  • Ocenebra erinaceus elongatus Settepassi, 1970
  • Ocenebra erinaceus var. africanus Settepassi, 1970
  • Ocenebra erinaceus var. algerianus Settepassi, 1970
  • Ocenebra erinaceus var. candida Dautzenberg, 1894
  • Ocenebra erinaceus var. carneola Dautzenberg & Durouchoux, 1913
  • Ocenebra erinaceus var. dilatatus Settepassi, 1970
  • Ocenebra erinaceus var. foliosa Monterosato in Coen, 1914
  • Ocenebra erinaceus var. ibericus Settepassi, 1970
  • Ocenebra erinaceus var. neglectus Settepassi, 1970
  • Ocenebra erinaceus var. pagodulinus Settepassi, 1970
  • Ocenebra erinaceus var. producta Dautzenberg & Durouchoux, 1913
  • Ocenebra erinaceus var. solidus Settepassi, 1970
  • Ocenebra erinaceus var. squamulosus Philippi in Settepassi, 1970
  • Ocenebra gibbosus var. acuminatus Settepassi, 1970
  • Ocenebra gibbosus var. compositus Settepassi, 1970
  • Ocenebra gibbosus var. elongatus Settepassi, 1970
• Ocinebra labiosus (Chiereghini in Nardo, 1847)
  • Ocinebra labiosus var. fasciata Coen, 1933
• Purpura congener Roding, 1798
• Purpura senegalla Roding, 1798
• Tritonalia chicoroides Coen, 1947
• Tritonalia erinaceus (Linnaeus, 1758)
  • Tritonalia erinaceus var. clathrata Coen, 1947
• Tritonalia humilis Coen, 1947
• Tritonalia lampusiopsis Coen, 1947
• Tritonalia mercaensis Coen, 1947
• Tritonalia rejecta Monterosato in Coen, 1947
• Tritonalia rotunda Coen, 1947
• Tritonalia ruscuriana Monterosato in Coen, 1947

References

• Linné C. von, 1758: Systema Naturae. Editio decima. 1. Regnum Animale Holmiae, Laurentii Salvii iv + 824 p.
• Röding P. F., 1798: Museum Boltenianum sive Catalogus Cimeliorum e tribus regnis naturae quae olim collegerat Joa. Fried. Bolten M. D. p. d. pars secunda continens Conchylia sive Testacea univalvia, bivalvia et multivalvia pp. VIII + 199
• Lamarck ([J.-B. M.] de), 1815-1822: Histoire naturelle des animaux sans vertèbres; Paris [vol. 5: Paris, Deterville/Verdière] [vol. 6 published by the Author] 7 vol. [I molluschi sono compresi nei vol. 5-7. Vol. 5 (Les Conchiferes): 612 pp. [25 luglio 1818]. Vol. 6 (1) (Suite): 343 pp. [1819]. Vol. 6 (2) (Suite): 232 pp. [1822]. Vol. 7: (Suite): 711 pp. [1822]]
• Risso A., 1826-1827: Histoire naturelle des principales productions de l'Europe Méridionale et particulièrement de celles des environs de Nice et des Alpes Maritimes; Paris, Levrault Vol. 1: XII + 448 + 1 carta [1826]. Vol. 2: VII + 482 + 8 pl. (fiori) [novembre 1827]. Vol. 3: XVI + 480 + 14 pl. (pesci) [settembre 1827]. Vol. 4: IV + 439 + 12 pl. (molluschi) [novembre 1826]. Vol. 5: VIII + 400 + 10 pl. (altri invertebrati) [Novembre 1827]
• Nardo D., 1847: Sinonimia moderna delle specie registrate nell’opera intitolata: Descrizione de’Crostacei, de’Testacei e de’Pesci che abitano le Lagune e Golfo Veneto, rappresentati in figure, a chiaroscuro ed a colori dall’ Abate Stefano Chiereghini Ven. Clodiense applicata per commissione governativa Venezia pp. i-xi, 1-127
• Jeffreys J. G., 1862-1869: British Conchology ; London, van Voorst Vol. 1: pp. CXIV + 341 [1862]. Vol. 2: pp. 479 [1864] Il frontrespizio reca la data 1863 ma in effetti pubblicato nel 1864. Vol. 3: pp. 394 [1865]. Vol. 4: pp. 487 [1867]. Vol. 5: pp. 259 [1869]
• Dautzenberg P., 1887: Une excursion malacologique à Saint-Lunaire (Ille-et-Vilaine) et aux environs de cette localité; Bulletin de la Société d'études scientifiques de Paris 9(2), 27 pp.
• Pallary P., 1900: Coquilles marines du littoral du Département d'Oran; Journal de Conchyliologie 48 (3): 211-422, pl. 6-8
• Dautzenberg P. & Durouchoux P., 1913-1914: Les mollusques de la baie de Saint-Malo; Feuille des Jeunes Naturalistes 43-44 (Suppl.): 1-64, pl. 1-4
• Coen G., 1943: Revisione delle varietà della Tritonalia erinaceus. Monografia sul Murex (Bolinus) brandaris. Nuovi gruppi e specie di gasteropodi. Sul gruppo Pseudofusus Mts. 1884. Sulla Charonia seguenzae. ; Acta Pontifica Academia Scientiarum 7(1): 40-41
• Settepassi F., 1970: Atlante Malacologico. Molluschi marini viventi nel Mediterraneo, volume I ; Museo di Zoologia, Roma

Notes and References

1. http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=140405 WoRMS : Ocenebra erinaceus
2. Backeljau, T. (1986). Lijst van de recente mariene mollusken van België [List of the recent marine molluscs of Belgium]. Koninklijk Belgisch Instituut voor Natuurwetenschappen: Brussels, Belgium. 106 pp.
3. https://archive.org/details/manualofconcholo2tryo G.W. Tryon (1880) Manual of Conchology II, Academy of Natural Sciences, Philadelphia