| En Name: | Obninsk |
| Ru Name: | Обнинск |
| Coordinates: | 55.0931°N 36.6106°W |
| Map Label Position: | bottom |
| Image Coa: | Coat of Arms of Obninsk (Kaluga oblast) proposal (2003 N2).png |
| Coa Caption: | Coat of arms of Obninsk |
| Federal Subject: | Kaluga Oblast |
| Adm City Jur: | City of Obninsk |
| Adm Ctr Of: | City of Obninsk |
| Inhabloc Cat: | City |
| Urban Okrug Jur: | Obninsk Urban Okrug |
| Mun Admctr Of: | Obninsk Urban Okrug |
| Area Km2: | 42.97 |
| Pop 2010Census: | 104739 |
| Pop 2010Census Rank: | 153rd |
| Established Date: | 1946 |
| Current Cat Date: | 1956 |
| Postal Codes: | 249030 |
| Dialing Codes: | 48439 |
| Website: | http://www.admobninsk.ru |
Obninsk (Russian: О́бнинск) is a city in Kaluga Oblast, Russia, located on the bank of the Protva River 100km (100miles) southwest of Moscow and 80km (50miles) northeast of Kaluga. Its population is 125,376 at the 2021 census.
The history of Obninsk began in 1945 when the First Research Institute Laboratory "V", which later became known as IPPE (Institute of Physics and Power Engineering) was founded. On June 27, 1954, Obninsk started operations of the world's first nuclear power plant to generate electricity for a power grid. The city was built next to the plant in order to support it. Scientists, engineers, construction workers, teachers and other professionals moved to Obninsk from all over the Soviet Union. Town status was granted to Obninsk on June 24, 1956. The name of the city is taken from Obninskoye, the train station in Moscow-Bryansk railroad, built in Tsarist times.[1] Obninskoye and Obninsk were the frontline edges of the White/Red Armies in 1917–1924, also the 1812 War with France and the 1941-1942 Battle of Moscow Campaigns in World War II.
Within the framework of administrative divisions, it is incorporated as the City of Obninsk — an administrative unit with the status equal to that of the districts.[2] As a municipal division, the City of Obninsk is incorporated as Obninsk Urban Okrug.[3]
According to the 2021 Census, the population of the city was According to the previous, 2010 Census, the population of the city was 104,739, down from 105,706 recorded in the 2002 Census, but up from 100,178 recorded in the 1989 Census.
The average age of the citizens is thirty-nine years.[4]
The city is located on the main rail line between Moscow and Kyiv and at the intersection of Kiev and Warsaw highways. Three international airports are within reach from Obninsk: Vnukovo (70 km), Domodedovo (100 km), and Sheremetyevo (130 km). Cargo airfield Yermolino is only 15km (09miles) away.
Obninsk is one of the major Russian science cities. In 2000, it was awarded the status of the First Science City of Russia. The city is home to twelve scientific research institutes. Their main activities are nuclear power engineering, nuclear methods and radiation technology, technology of non-metallic materials, medical radiology, meteorology and ecology and environmental protection.
The first nuclear power plant in the world for the large-scale production of electricity opened here on June 27, 1954, and it also doubled as a training base for the crew of the Soviet Union's first nuclear submarine, the K-3 Leninsky Komsomol.
Obninsk is famous for its meteorological tower which was built to study spreading of radiation from the nuclear station.
The following institutes are located in the city:[5]
Situated in Obninsk are the plants of companies such as Kraftway (the largest manufacturer of personal computers in Russia), Rautaruukki, Lotte Confectionery, Hemofarm a.d.
The head of the city administration is Tatyana Leonova.
There is a bandy club called Atom.[8]
See also: List of twin towns and sister cities in Russia.
Astravyets, Belarus
Frascati, Italy
Mianyang, China
Montpellier, France
Oak Ridge, United States
Visaginas, Lithuania