Civic Democratic Party (Czech Republic) Explained

Country:the Czech Republic
Civic Democratic Party
Native Name:Občanská demokratická strana
Abbreviation:ODS
Leader:Petr Fiala
Leader1 Title:Deputy Leaders
Leader1 Name:Zbyněk Stanjura
Alexandr Vondra
Martin Baxa
Martin Kupka
Eva Decroix
Leader2 Title:Chamber of Deputies Leader
Leader2 Name:Marek Benda
Leader3 Title:Senate Leader
Leader3 Name:Zdeněk Nytra
Leader4 Title:MEP Leader
Leader4 Name:Veronika Vrecionová
Founder:Václav Klaus
Predecessor:Civic Forum
Youth Wing:Young Conservatives
Young Civic Democrats
Membership Year:2021
Membership: 12,500[1]
Ideology:Conservatism
Economic liberalism
Position:Centre-right to right-wing
National:SPOLU
International:International Democracy Union
European:European Conservatives and Reformists Party
Europarl:European Conservatives and Reformists
Think Tank:CEVRO[2]
Right Riverbank[3]
Colours: Blue
Headquarters:Truhlářská 9, Prague
Seats1 Title:Chamber of Deputies
Seats2 Title:Senate
Seats3 Title:European Parliament
Seats4 Title:Regional councils
Seats5 Title:Governors of the regions
Seats6 Title:Local councils
Seats7 Title:Prague City Assembly

The Civic Democratic Party (Czech: Občanská demokratická strana, ODS) is a conservative and Eurosceptic political party in the Czech Republic. The party sits centre-right on the political spectrum, and holds 34 seats in the Chamber of Deputies, and is the second strongest party by number of seats following the 2021 election. It is the only political party in the Czech Republic that has maintained an uninterrupted representation in the Chamber of Deputies.

Founded in 1991 as the pro–free market wing of the Civic Forum by Václav Klaus and modeled on the British Conservative Party,[4] the ODS won the 1992 legislative election, and has remained in government for most of the Czech Republic's independence. In every legislative election (except for that of 2013) it emerged as one of the two strongest parties. Václav Klaus served as the first prime minister of the Czech Republic after the partition of Czechoslovakia, from 1993 to 1997. Mirek Topolánek, who succeeded him as leader of the party in December 2002, served as prime minister from 2006 to 2009. In the 2010 election, the party lost 28 seats, finishing second, but as the largest party right of the centre, it formed a centre-right government with Petr Nečas as prime minister. In the 2013 legislative election, the party was marginalized by only securing 16 seats in the Chamber of Deputies, relegating the party to the opposition from July 2013 to December 2021. In the 2017 legislative election, it has partly recovered and secured 25 seats in the Chamber of Deputies, making it the second strongest party in chamber. The party is currently being led by Prime Minister Petr Fiala, who has been leader since the 2014 party convention.

The ODS is a member of the International Democracy Union, and co-founded together with the UK Conservative Party, the soft Eurosceptic European Conservatives and Reformists Party and the European Conservatives and Reformists group in the European Parliament.

History

Formation

The party was founded in 1991 as one of two successors to the Civic Forum, which was a big tent movement that consisted of two major wings. The strongest wing was the Interparliamentary Club of the Democratic Right which was transformed into the ODS when Civic Forum split.[5] ODS represented followers of Václav Klaus and was pro–free market, as opposed to the centrist Civic Movement. An agreement was reached to split the party in half at the Civic Forum Assembly on 23 February 1991. This was followed on 21 April by a formal declaration of a new party, and Klaus was elected its first President.[6] The party agreed to continue in a coalition government with the Civic Movement, but this collapsed in July 1991.

The Civic Democrats, who represented demands for a tighter Czechoslovak federation, began to organize in Slovakia.[7] Ahead of the 1992 election, the ODS ruled out an electoral alliance with the Liberal Democrats, but agreed to an alliance with Václav Benda's Christian Democratic Party (KDS) to boost its appeal to conservatives. The ODS won the election, winning 66 seats (and the KDS another ten), and formed a centre-right coalition with the Civic Democratic Alliance (ODA) and the KDU-ČSL, with Klaus as prime minister.[8]

Dominant party (1992–1998)

In December 1997, allegations of the party receiving illegal donations and maintaining a secret slush fund caused the ODA and KDU-ČSL to withdraw from the coalition, and the government collapsed. Josef Tošovský was appointed caretaker, pending new elections in June 1998. Despite the scandal, Klaus was re-elected party chairman. In January 1998, some legislators opposed to Klaus, led by Jan Ruml and Ivan Pilip, left the party in the so-called 'Sarajevo Assassination' and formed the Freedom Union (US).[9]

First Opposition

At the elections, the ODS fell even further, to 63 seats, while the US won 19. Due to the split, the Freedom Union refused to support the ODS, preventing them from getting a majority; the US's executive also refused to support the ČSSD. As a result, on 9 July 1998, the ODS signed the Opposition Agreement, which pledged the party to provide confidence and maintain a ČSSD government under Miloš Zeman.[10] This agreement was then superseded by the more explicit 'Patent of Tolerance' in January 2000.[11]

Return to government (2006–2013)

In the 2006 legislative election the ODS was the largest seat holder in the Chamber of Deputies with 81 seats. ODS originally aimed to make a deal with Czech Social Democratic Party but talks with the Social democratic leader Jiří Paroubek were unsuccessful. Mirek Topolánek then introduced his first minority cabinet that consisted of Civic Democrats and independents. It was designated on 4 September 2006 but lost a vote of confidence on 3 October 2006.

ODS then formed a government in coalition with the Populars (KDU-ČSL) and the Green Party (SZ). Projects of the cabinet included reform of public finances. Topolánek also discussed possible emplacement of United States Missile defense in the Czech Republic which resulted in public resistance.

The party suffered heavy losses in regional and Senate elections in 2008, losing all 12 regional governorships it had previously held. However, a year later, ODS won the European Parliament election, keeping all 9 seats and gaining more votes than in previous elections.

ODS-led government during Czech Presidency of the Council of the European Union 2009. Czech presidency had to deal with problems such as Gas crisis in Ukraine, conflict in Gaza or economic crisis. There were also controversies like Entropa but some aspects such as resolution of gas crisis were positively evaluated.[12]

ODS nominated Přemysl Sobotka for president of the Czech Republic during the 2013 presidential election. Sobotka received only 2.46% of votes and didn't qualify for second round. ODS has held 2012 presidential primaries which Přemysl Sobotka has won. Sobotka's poor showing in the 2013 general election was seen as caused by the government's unpopularity and lack of support from the party.[13] The party's leadership supported Karel Schwarzenberg of TOP 09 in the second round of the presidential election.[14]

Second Opposition (2013–2017)

See also: 2013 Czech political corruption scandal. After resignation and fall of Cabinet of Prime Minister Petr Nečas ODS proposed Miroslava Němcová to the position of the prime minister to President Miloš Zeman saying that she will be able to form a coalition and succeed a vote of confidence in the Chamber of Deputies. However, President Zeman refused to appoint her and instead appointed Jiří Rusnok's Cabinet. After that, opposition called for a dissolution of Chamber of Deputies and early election (such vote was only recently made possible by a constitutional amendment). The motion of dissolution passed with 147 out of 200 votes (120 required), all parties except ODS, whose deputies left the chamber, voted for dissolution, including their former coalition partners Public Affairs and TOP 09. President Zeman then called on early elections on 25–26 October 2013. ODS suffered heavy losses. It gained only 16 seats and finished 5th. The party also lost elections of the European parliament as well as Senate and municipal in 2014.

As of December 2015, opinion polls showed ODS with 8.6% nationwide.[15] Some polling agencies and political commentators are of the opinion that ODS was on the path to become main centre-right party again.[16] [17] [18]

On 16 January 2016, Fiala was re-elected as Leader of the ODS. ODS participated in 2016 regional and Senate election. It received about 10% of votes and its candidate's secured seats in all regions. Six candidates nominated by ODS qualified for the second round for Senate, while four of them were eventually elected. Fiala said that ODS returned to the position of the major right wing party.[19] [20]

Opposition and formal cooperation with TOP 09 and KDU-ČSL (2017–2021)

ODS agreed to participate in the 2017 legislative election together with Freeholder party. Parties will present themselves during the campaign as ODS with the support of Freeholders. This agreement means that Freeholders will take 40 places on ODS candidacy list.[21] In February 2017, ODS started a campaign called "We create program." which was series of tours to Czech regions with party leaders discussing priorities with supporters and potential voters for an upcoming election.[22] On 19 April 2017, ODS introduced its tax program. The Civic Democrats want to lower taxes which they say would increase the income of Czech citizens. ODS also wants to decrease spending in social benefits and subsidies. Chief Whip Zbyněk Stanjura said that many people take advantage of social benefits even though they don't deserve it. These plans resembled those that ODS had in the 2006 legislative election manifesto.[23] [24] Tours concluded with Conference "Strong program for Strong Czechia" held on 22 April where ODS presented their election manifesto and candidates.[25] [26]

Following the 2017 Czech government crisis, ODS grew in polls, approaching the Czech Social Democratic Party.[27] According to a poll by TNS Kantar, ODS would become the second strongest party, surpassing ČSSD and KSČM.[28] ODS introduced its campaign for 2017 election on 29 May 2017. It is inspired by the British Conservative Party's campaign for 2017 general election.[29] In the 2017 election, ODS sought to get more than 10%.[30] According to poll by STEM/Mark in September. ODS would get 7.5% of votes.[31]

ODS received 11% in 2017 legislative election and became the second largest political party in the Czech Republic.[32] The party then won 2018 Senate election confirming its position as the main right wing party.[33]

Civic Democratic Party, KDU-ČSL and TOP 09 formed bloc of conservative opposition parties in late 2020. The alliance was known as the "Three Coalition", before the parties launched their slogan and program on 9 December 2020, announcing that they would run under the name Spolu ("together") in the 2021 Czech legislative election.[34] The conservative bloc announced that Petr Fiala would be their candidate for the post of prime minister.[35]

The Bloc ran in 2021 Czech legislative election with Fiala as a leader. Opinion polls suggested that ANO 2011 would win the election but in an electoral upset ODS-led Spolu won highest number of votes and opposition parties won majority of seats in the Chamber of Deputies.[36] Opposition parties signed memorandum agreeing to nominate ODS leader Fiala for the position of the new prime minister.

Return to power (2021–present)

ODS formed a coalition government with STAN, KDU-ČSL, TOP 09, and Piráti after the election. Petr Fiala became the new prime minister. ODS holds six seats in Fiala's Cabinet.

Ideology

The ODS is described as conservative,[37] [38] [39] [40] [41] liberal-conservative,[42] [43] [44] and conservative-liberal,[45] [46] [47] supports economic liberalism,[48] and is Eurosceptic.[49] [50] There are also multiple ideological factions in the party, including the national conservative faction,[51] [52] [53] [54] the national liberal faction,[55] the social liberal faction[56] the neoconservative faction[57] and the Christian socially conservative faction (former Christian Democratic Party).[58]

The party's ideas are very close to those of the British Conservative Party, Swedish Moderate Party, and other liberal-conservative parties in Europe. The party's program states "low taxes, public finances and future without debts, support for families with children, addressable social system, reducing bureaucracy, better conditions for business, a safe state with the transatlantic links. No tricks and populism."

Many prominent politicians in the party say they are opposed to "political correctness" and call for tougher measures to combat radical Islam which they liken to Nazism.[59] [60] [61] [62]

Although the party was in power when the Treaty of Lisbon was ratified in the Czech Republic, ODS supports maintaining Czech sovereignty and integrity against the European Union, calls for a fundamental reform of the EU and strongly opposes any federalization of Europe in the form of the EU becoming a quasi-state entity.[63] Following the EU referendum in Britain which resulted in the United Kingdom voting to leave, ODS leader Petr Fiala said the Czech Republic "should reconsider its priorities and strategy in the European Union" and if the Treaties were to be re-opened, negotiate new conditions for the country such as an opt-out from asylum rules as well as from the obligation to adopt the euro.[64] The party is a member of the national-conservative European Conservatives and Reformists group.

ODS is opposed to compulsory EU migrant quotas, arguing that the Czech Republic should have sovereignty over its own border control and that forcing nations to take in migrants without sufficient vetting or orderly processing and integration poses a threat to national security, social cohesion and native European culture. ODS believes that all individual nations should have the right to determine their own immigration policies.[62]

ODS also supports the right of law abiding citizens to own and carry firearms.[65] This makes them different from parties they are based on, as most of them, especially British Conservatives, reject the idea that anyone has a right to own and carry firearms and other weapons, making the ODS much more similar to American Republicans in this matter, although they still support gun control measures (such as background checks, licenses and registration). ODS, especially its defense expert Jana Černochová, was one of the main supporters of embedding the right to keep and bear arms for the purposes of national security into the Czech constitution, although it was Social Democrat Milan Chovanec who originally proposed it. The amendment failed in the Senate. In 2021, a similar bill passed.[66]

Symbols

Name

Václav Klaus stated that the party's name represents the fact that ODS is based on the idea of civic freedoms. It also shows that ODS is a Civic Party, which differentiates it from other parties that existed prior to 1991. The adjective Democratic represents that ODS should protect parliamentary democracy.[67]

Besides its official name, ODS also received some informal names from media. Party members are sometimes called "the Blues" or the "Blue Birds" and ODS is sometimes called the Blue Party due to the party's association with the color blue.[68] [69] [70] [71]

Logo

The first logo was introduced on 4 June 1991, created by Aleš Krejča. It was chosen from over 250 entries to a public competition.[72] [73]

A new logo was introduced in 1992, including the silhouette of a bird in blue. The logo was created by Petr Šejdl. In 1994 when the bird's tail was shortened and in 1998 the font was changed as a result of the "Sarajevo betrayal" of autumn 1997, in which ODS colleagues used allegations of bribery to precipitate the resignation of Václav Klaus' government while he was on a trip to Sarajevo.[74] [72] The party used this version until 2015 with modifications for individual election campaigns.[75]

The ODS introduced a new party logo in a congress in Prague in 2015. The design of the bird was updated and flies upwards rather than to the left. The logo was designed by Libor Jelínek.[76]

Organisation

Party structure

The highest body of the ODS is Congress which meets every year and elects leadership every two years. The party is led by the Executive Council and Republic Assembly in time between meetings of Congress. The executive body meets every Month and the party is led by Panel between meetings of the Executive Council. Panel consists of Party's Leader, Deputy Leaders and Chief Whips of the Parliamentary ODS.[77]

ODS is structured similarly to the subdivisions of the Czech Republic. The structure consists of local associations. Group of local associations forms area. Areas are organised as parts of Region.[78] [79]

Membership

Year Members Ref. Year Members Ref. Year Members Ref.
1991 18,500 2001 18,280 [80] 2011 27,648
1992 23,000 2002 20,412 2012 24,507
1993 2003 21,641 [81] 2013 21,578
1994 2004 23,138 2014 17,944 [82]
1995 21,803 [83] 2005 2015 14,771
1996 2006 2016 14,123
1997 2007 2017 14,005 [84]
1998 16,000 2008 2018 14,095
1999 19,300 2009 34,000 [85] 2019 13,563 [86]
2000 17,000 [87] 2010 31,011

ODS had 18,500 Members in 1991. The number of members grew with the party's influence and soon rose to over 23,000. It decreased during political crisis in 1998 to 16,000. The party stopped the decrease after preliminary election and membership grew once again. It peaked in 2010 when it reached 31,011. The member base started to decline rapidly after 2010. It had only 17,994 members prior the 2013 election.[88] ODS had 14,771 members in May 2015 and the member base was stabilised according to leaders of the party.[89]

The party runs a membership organisation known as Supporters of ODS. It is a looser form of involvement with the party. It is meant for people who doesn't want to be members of ODS but sympathize with its program.[90] It replaced the organisation known as Blue Team.[91]

Faces of ODS is a project of party's members who share their life's story. It was described as honour for all members of the party who didn't abandon it in hard times.[92]

Young Conservatives

See main article: Young Conservatives (Czech Republic). Young Conservatives (Czech: Mladí konzervativci, MK) is a youth wing of ODS. Young people from the age of 15 to 35 can apply for a membership in the MK. The founding congress of MK was held on 8 December 1991 as a result of previous preparations through Charter of Young Conservatives by a group of students at the University of Technology in Brno and Law Students' Association "Všehrd" from Faculty of Law at the Charles University. The Young Conservatives organize a wide range of events from meetings with local or national politicians to elections campaigns and international events.

CEVRO Liberal Conservative Academy

See main article: CEVRO Liberal Conservative Academy. CEVRO Liberal Conservative Academy (Czech: CEVRO Liberálně konzervativní akademie) is a think-tank affiliated with ODS. It was established in 1999. Its goal is political education which tries to spread liberal-conservative thinking. In 2005, CEVRO established its own private university known as CEVRO Institute. CEVRO has four newspapers – CEVRO Revue, The Week in European Politics, The Week in Czech Politics and Forthnightly.[93]

International organisations

ODS joined the European Democrat Union (EDU) in 1992 as one of the first parties in the former Eastern Bloc. Václav Klaus even became a Vice President of EDU. ODS remained in the EDU until it became part of the European People's Party (EPP) in 2002. ODS refused to join EPP due to its ideological differences and instead became a member of European Democrats.[94]

ODS joined International Democracy Union (IDU) in 2001.[95] Chairmen of Civic Democratic Party served as Vice-presidents of IDU.

In July 2006, the Civic Democratic Party signed an agreement with the British Conservative Party to leave the European People's Party–European Democrats (EPP-ED) Group in the European Parliament and form the Movement for European Reform in 2009. On 22 June 2009, it was announced that ODS would join the newly formed European Conservatives and Reformists (ECR) parliamentary group, an anti-federalist and Eurosceptic group, which currently its third largest bloc in the European Parliament. ODS then became one of founding members of the European Conservatives and Reformists Party (ECR Party), a conservative and Eurosceptic European political party, defending broader conservative and economically liberal principles. Other members of ECR Party include Conservative Party, Law and Justice or Freedom and Solidarity.

Current

Position Name Photo Since
Chairman 18 January 2014
1st vice-chairman 19 January 2020
Vice-chairman 18 January 2014
Vice-chairman 18 January 2014
Vice-chairman 9 April 2022
Vice-chairman 13 January 2018
Chairman of Deputies Caucus 6 November 2013
Chairman of Senate Caucus 19 October 2020
Chairman of EP Caucus 5 June 2023

Leaders

No. Name Photo Since Until
121 April 1991 15 December 2002
215 December 2002 13 April 2010
320 June 2010 17 July 2013
418 January 2014 Incumbent
Note: Only properly elected leaders are included.

Election results

Chamber of Deputies

YearLeaderVoteVote %Seats+/-PlaceNotesPosition
1992Václav Klaus1,924,48329.7
331st Participated in Coalition with KDS.
19961,794,560 29.6 21st Minority government supported by oppositional ČSSD.
19981,656,01127.7 52nd Opposition agreement with ČSSD.
20021,166,975 24.5 52nd Main opposition party.
2006Mirek Topolánek1,892,475 35.3 231st 2006 minority government, 2007–2009 coalition with KDU-ČSL and Greens.
2010Petr Nečas1,057,792 20.2 282nd Coalition government with TOP 09 and VV/LIDEM.
2013Miroslava Němcová384,174 7.7 375th Opposition Party.
2017Petr Fiala572,962 11.3 92nd Joint list with Freeholder Party of the Czech Republic
20211,493,701 27.8
91st Part of Spolu alliance.
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Senate

ElectionCandidatesFirst roundSecond roundSeatsTotal SeatsNotes
Votes%Runners-upPlace*Votes%Place*
1996811,006,036 36.5 1st 1,134,044 49.2 1st The whole Senate was elected. Only one third of Senate was elected in all subsequent elections.
199827266,377 27.71st 210,15639.11st
1999 1 3,844 12.22nd  By-election in Prague 1 district.
200027203,03923.61st 166,133 29.5 1st
200227165,79424.91st284,53734.61st
20032 10,555 29.8 1st 11,136 47.7 2nd By-elections in Strakonice and Brno-City Districts.
2004211,824 33.4 1st 13,974 53.5 1st By-elections in Prague 4 and Znojmo districts.
2004 27241,120 33.3 1st 257,861 53.8 1st
2006 27 354,273 33.3 1st 289,568 50.4 1st
2007 2 5,569 18.7 3rd 4,338 21.5 3rd By-elections in Přerov and Chomutov districts.
2008 27 252,827 24.1 2nd 266,731 32.42nd
2010 27 266,311 23.1 2nd 225,708 33.1 2nd
2011 1 7,422 27.2 2nd 7,227 34.8 2nd By-election in Kladno district.
2012 27 151,950 17.28 3rd 117,990 22.95 2nd
2014 1 3,792 16.5 2nd 5,925 36.82nd By-election in Zlín district
2014 11,564 11.8 5th   By-election in Prague-10 district
2014 25118,268 11.52 3rd 53,149 11.21 4th One of its candidates was elected in coalition with Koruna Česká (party).
2016 24 107,785 12.23 3rd 48,609 11.46 4th Including Zdeněk Nytra who ran as independent.
2018 17,61533.511st30,33167.111stBy-election in Trutnov district. Jan Sobotka was a STAN candidate supported by ODS.
2018 12,78616.36 3rd   By-election in Zlín district. Miroslav Adámek was a STAN candidate supported by ODS.
2018 19163,63015.021st116,73627.821stIncluding Jaroslav Zeman and Jan Tecl.
2019 14,65124.25 1st4,81140.492ndBy-election in Prague 9 district.
2020 14,66329.731st5,30257.171stBy-election in Teplice district.
2020 17140,29314.071st82,37718.232nd
202217151,90813.72nd111,07123.22nd

Presidential

Indirect Elections

ElectionCandidateFirst round resultSecond round resultThird round result
Votes%VotesResultVotes%VotesResultVotes%VotesResult
1993Václav Havel (independent; ODS government supported)63.4
1998Václav Havel (independent; part of ODS supported)70.752.3
2003Václav Klaus
45.655.155.9
44.061.566.1
53.551.953.4
2008Václav Klaus50.251.356.0
50.952.856.0

Direct Election

ElectionCandidateFirst round resultSecond round result
Votes%VotesResultVotes%VotesResult
2013Přemysl Sobotka126,8462.46supported Karel Schwarzenberg
2018Mirek Topolánek221,6894.30supported Jiří Drahoš
2023Petr Pavel1,975,05635.403,358,92658.33
Danuše Nerudová777,08013.93supported Petr Pavel
Pavel Fischer376,7056.75supported Petr Pavel

European Parliament

ElectionList leaderVotes%Seats+/–EP Group
2004Jan Zahradil700,94230.05 (#1)NewEPP-ED
2009741,946 31.45 (#1) 0ECR
2014116,389 7.68 (#6) 7
2019344,885 14.55 (#2) 2
2024Alexandr Vondra661,25022.27 (#2) 1
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Local election

YearVoteVote %PlaceSeats
19943,787,26429.561st
19981,895,98424.161st
20022,036,02125.211st
20063,935,39536.21st
20101,694,39618.782nd
2014893,0659.013rd
20182,465,93011.12nd
202212,977,99912.12nd

Regional election

YearVoteVote %Seats+/-PlacePlaces in regionsGovernorsCoalitions
2000559,30123.81st7x 1st, 3x 2nd, 3x 3rd
2004769,848 36.4 1st12x 1st, 1x 2nd
2008687,005 23.6 2nd12x 2nd, 1x 3rd
2012324,081 12.3 3rd1x 1st, 3x 3rd, 7x 4th, 2x 5th
2016239,836 9.5 4th3x 3rd, 4x 4th, 4x 5th, 2x 6th, 1x 7th
2020[96] 411,82514.872nd1x 1st, 5x 2nd, 2x 3rd, 4x 4th, 1x 5th

2020 Czech regional election results

RegionCoalition partner
  1. of
    overall votes
% of
overall vote
Seats[97] Governance[98]
±[99] Position
Central Bohemian82,69519.77 6 2nd
South Bohemian34,85717.52 4 2nd
PlzeňTOP 0936,89021.23 1 2nd
Karlovy VaryKDU-ČSL5,8707.35 2 4th
Ústí nad Labem24,73912.37 1 2nd
Liberec11,9328.59 1 4th
Hradec KrálovéSTAN and East Bohemians41,66823.53 1 1st
PardubiceTOP 0923,43414.10 1 3rd
VysočinaMayors for Citizens21,038 13.19 3rd
South MoravianFreedomites and SOM46,342 12.77 3 4th
Olomouc19,421 10.36 2 4th
Zlín19,30210.04 2 5th
TOP 0943,63713.637 3 2nd

Prague municipal elections

YearLeaderVoteVote %Seats+/−PlacePosition
1994Jan Koukal41.21st
1998Jan Koukal36.821st
2002Pavel Bém35.581st
2006Pavel Bém54.4121st
2010Bohuslav Svoboda21.1222nd
2014Bohuslav Svoboda11.0124th
2018Bohuslav Svoboda17.961st

Federal Assembly of Czechoslovakia

House of the People

House of Nations

Elected representatives

Civic Democratic Party has 23 members of the Chamber of Deputies.

Civic Democratic Party has 16 Senators of the Senate of the Czech Republic.

  • Lumír Aschenbrenner
  • Jiří Burian
  • Martin Červíček
  • Ladislav Chlupáč
  • Hynek Hanza
  • Tomáš Jirsa
  • Pavel Karpíšek

Civic Democratic Party has 4 MEPs.

References

Bibliography

  • Book: Hanley, Sean . The New Right in the New Europe: Czech Transformation and Right-Wing Politics, 1989–2006 . 2008 . Routledge . London . 978-0-415-34135-6.

Notes and References

  1. Web site: Česká televize . Členská základna ODS je větší než ČSSD, z mladých uskupení nejvíce roste SPD . ČT24. 30 November 2021 . cs.
  2. Web site: Němeček. Tomáš. Mít diplom od Langera. Hospodářské Noviny. 26 June 2008. 2 June 2015.
  3. Web site: O nás ~ Pravý břeh – Institut Petra Fialy. Pravý břeh. 11 March 2023.
  4. Hanley (2008), p. xi
  5. Web site: České parlamentní strany 2007 křižovatky a cesty:Občanská demokratická strana. Cevro. 24 November 2017. cs.
  6. Hanley (2008), p. 89
  7. Hanley (2008), p. 96
  8. Book: Central and South-Eastern Europe 2004 . 2004 . 4 . Routledge . London . 978-1-85743-186-5 . 216.
  9. Book: Rutland, Peter . The challenge of integration . 1998 . M. E. Sharpe . 978-0-7656-0359-3 . 84 .
  10. Hanley (1998), p. 140
  11. Hanley (1998), p. 143
  12. Web site: Předsednictví ČR v EU 2009. Euroskop. 20 April 2017. cs. 21 April 2017. https://web.archive.org/web/20170421001628/https://www.euroskop.cz/112/sekce/ceske-predsednictvi-eu-2009/. dead.
  13. Web site: To byl průšvih, pane kandidáte ODS Sobotko. Ptali jsme se u Vás doma. Parlamentní Listy. 30 June 2016. cs.
  14. Web site: Lídři ODS podpořili Schwarzenberga. I přes Zahradilovo varování. Mladá fronta Dnes. 30 June 2016. 15 January 2013. cs.
  15. Web site: Vedoucí ANO dále ztrácí, ukazuje průzkum. Novinky.cz. 21 December 2016. 24 December 2015. cs.
  16. Web site: Josef. Koukal. Vstává ODS z popela?. Novinky.cz. 4 May 2015. 16 January 2016. cs.
  17. Web site: Velký návrat ODS? Podle aktuálního průzkumu volebních preferencí to tak vypadá. Parlamentní Listy. 16 January 2016. cs.
  18. Web site: Tomáš. Nový. TOPka pomalu končí, otěže pravice třímá ODS, ukázal průzkum. Parlamentní Listy. 16 January 2016.
  19. Web site: ODS vstává z popela, potáceli jsme se na hranici přežití, vracíme se jako lídr pravice, říká Fiala. Aktuálně.cz. 8 October 2016. 10 October 2016. cs.
  20. Web site: ODS vrací úder. Stává se nejsilnější pravicovou stranou v Česku?. Lidové noviny. 10 October 2016. 9 October 2016. cs.
  21. Web site: ODS půjde do sněmovních voleb s podporou Strany soukromníků. Echo24. 21 February 2017. 22 February 2017. cs.
  22. Web site: Nová doba: ODS vyráží tvořit program mezi občany. Euro.cz. 26 February 2017. 20 April 2017. cs.
  23. Web site: Daně podle ODS. S průměrným platem si polepšíte o 1220 korun měsíčně. Seznam Zprávy. 19 April 2017. 20 April 2017. cs.
  24. Web site: ODS chce voliče oslovit snížením daní a růstem mezd. Echo24. 19 April 2017. 20 April 2017. cs.
  25. Web site: ODS představí program a lídry kandidátek pro říjnové volby. Parlamentní Listy. 22 April 2017. cs.
  26. Web site: Česku hrozí pád na dno, burcoval Fiala na konferenci ODS. Novinky.cz. 22 April 2017 . 22 April 2017. cs.
  27. Web site: Vilímová. Tereza. Pravice na vzestupu. Fiala se dotahuje na ČSSD, Kalousek k 10 procentům. Echo24. 29 May 2017. cs. 29 May 2017.
  28. Web site: Drsný vzkaz Lidovému domu: ČSSD skončila v průzkumu až čtvrtá. Novinky.cz. 4 June 2017. cs.
  29. Web site: Chaos, cirkus, ostuda. Kampaň ODS proti Babišovi, Zemanovi i Sobotkovi. Mladá fronta Dnes. 29 May 2017. 29 May 2017. cs.
  30. Web site: Dvouciferný výsledek, jinak budou v ODS po volbách padat hlavy. Mladá fronta Dnes. 14 August 2017. 6 October 2017. cs.
  31. Web site: Průzkum MF Dnes: Z Okamurovy SPD a Pirátů se stávají černí koně voleb. Mladá fronta Dnes. 6 October 2017. cs.
  32. Web site: Jsme nejsilnější tradiční strana, holedbal se Fiala. Novinky.cz. 21 October 2017. 21 October 2017. cs.
  33. Web site: Analýza: Facka pro obě vládní strany a ODS je na cestě vzhůru . Mladá fronta Dnes. 13 October 2018. cs.
  34. Web site: ODS, KDU-ČSL a TOP 09 jdou do voleb jako koalice SPOLU. Daly 17 slibů. Seznam Zprávy. 9 December 2020. cs.
  35. News: ODS, TOP 09 a KDU-ČSL půjdou do voleb společně. Chtějí je vyhrát. ČT24. Czech Television. 17 October 2020. 8 March 2021. cs.
  36. Web site: Spolu vyhrálo volby. Petr Fiala může být nový český premiér . E15.cz. 10 October 2021 . cs.
  37. Web site: Nordsieck . Wolfram . 2017 . Czechia . Parties and Elections in Europe.
  38. Web site: Civic Democratic Party, (Občanská demokratická strana, ODS). 30 October 2017. 3 February 2018. https://web.archive.org/web/20180203131334/http://www.ceeidentity.eu/database/manifestoescoun/civic. dead.
  39. Web site: POLITICAL SYSTEM . Embassy of the Czech Republic in Warsaw.
  40. Web site: ParlGov · parties, elections, cabinets. 30 October 2017. 2 June 2021. https://web.archive.org/web/20210602213438/http://www.parlgov.org/explore/CZE/party/829/. dead.
  41. News: 5 November 2017 . Former Czech PM Topolanek announces presidential candidacy . The Associated Press . Prague . 21 April 2020.
  42. News: 22 June 2009 . The Tories' new EU allies . . 14 August 2011.
  43. News: Richter . Jan . 13 April 2010 . Number 3 for Jesus: Czech parties get numbers to run with in May's elections . .
  44. News: Traynor . Ian . 19 May 2009 . European election: Brussels braces for big protest vote . .
  45. Book: Rudolf Andorka. A Society Transformed: Hungary in Time-space Perspective. 1999. Central European University Press. 978-963-9116-49-8. 163.
  46. Book: Krisztina Arató. Petr Kaniok. Euroscepticism and European Integration. 2009. CPI/PSRC. 978-953-7022-20-4. 191.
  47. Book: Vít Hloušek. Lubomír Kopecek. Origin, Ideology and Transformation of Political Parties: East-Central and Western Europe Compared. 2013. Ashgate Publishing, Ltd.. 978-1-4094-9977-0. 177.
  48. Book: Paul G. Lewis. Political Parties in Post-Communist Eastern Europe. 6 February 2013. 2000. Routledge. 978-0-415-20182-7. 164.
  49. Book: Geoffrey Pridham . Opposing Europe?: The Comparative Party Politics of Euroscepticism: Volume 2: Comparative and Theoretical Perspectives . OUP Oxford . 2008 . 978-0-19-925835-2 . Aleks Szczerbiak . 89 . European Party Co-operation and Post-Communist Politics: Euroscepticism in Transnational Perspective . Paul Taggart . https://books.google.com/books?id=k8EudWcNNnQC&pg=PA89.
  50. Web site: Hanley . Sean . 2002 . Party Institutionalisation and Centre-Right Euroscepticism in East Central Europe: the Case of the Civic Democratic Party in the Czech Republic . 29th ECPR Joint Sessions of Workshops . dead . https://web.archive.org/web/20110607152517/http://www.essex.ac.uk/ecpr/events/jointsessions/paperarchive/turin/ws25/Hanley.pdf . 7 June 2011 .
  51. Book: John Nagle . Democracy and Democratization: Post-Communist Europe in Comparative Perspective . Alison Mahr . SAGE Publications . 1999 . 978-0-7619-5679-2 . 188.
  52. Web site: Má liberalismus v České republice šanci?. Jiří Pehe. 9 July 2006 . 10 January 2017.
  53. Web site: Peakovci a liberální střed. Jiří Pehe. 2 May 2012 . 10 January 2017.
  54. Web site: POLITIKA: Volby, Klaus, Paroubek a tak. Lidovky.cz. 10 January 2017.
  55. Web site: Liberalismus a zdravý rozum. Centrum pro studium demokracie a kultury. 12 March 2017. 10 December 2015.
  56. Web site: Rozpolcené strany. Sňatky homosexuálů mají příznivce v pěti klubech, stačit to nemusí. Aktuálně.cz. 8 June 2022 . 17 June 2023.
  57. Web site: Žába. Jakub. Zdi a bubliny Tomáše Pojara. Deník Referendum. 11 March 2017. cs. 9 October 2015.
  58. Web site: Marek Benda z ODS: Registrované partnerství bych zrušil. 11 March 2017. cs. 5 June 2016.
  59. Web site: Dělá problém Klausovi i Topolánkovi. Politická korektnost. Parlamentní listy.
  60. Web site: Jirsa (ODS): Politická korektnost je jedním z hlavních důvodů neřešitelnosti současné evropské krize. Parlamentní listy. 10 January 2017.
  61. Web site: Exministr Vondra ostře: Politická korektnost nás dusí. Pelikán je hipster!. Parlamentní listy. 10 January 2017.
  62. Anti-Islamism without Moslems: Cognitive Frames of Czech Antimigrant Politics. 10.2478/jnmlp-2018-0001. 2018. Strapáčová. Michaela. Hloušek. Vít. Journal of Nationalism, Memory & Language Politics. 12. 1–30. 150011011. free.
  63. Web site: O nás – ODS. Občanská demokratická strana. 11 March 2023.
  64. Web site: Komentář předsedy ODS Petra Fialy a europoslanců za ODS k výsledkům britského referenda. Občanská demokratická strana. 24 June 2016. cs.
  65. Web site: Silný program pro silné Česko – ODS.
  66. Web site: Czech Republic enshrines self-defence in Constitution . Visegrád Post . 23 July 2021 .
  67. Web site: Projev prezidenta republiky na Žofínském setkání ODS. Klaus.cz. 24 November 2017. cs.
  68. Web site: Česká televize. Modrý pták si zlomil křídla. Z ODS je malá strana. ČT24. 24 November 2017. cs.
  69. Web site: Glosa: Mirek Topolánek za vodou, ODS už pod vodou. Aktuálně.cz. 24 November 2017. cs. 10 April 2013.
  70. Web site: Fiala: Přejmenovat ODS? Neříkám, že jsem o tom nikdy nepřemýšlel. Novinky.cz. 6 October 2016 . 24 November 2017. cs.
  71. Web site: Babiš nestačil v televizní diskusi na šéfa ODS Fialu. Jeho prázdné fráze se rozplynuly jako dým. Reflex.cz. 24 November 2017. cs.
  72. Web site: Loga ODS v proměnách času. ODS. 19 March 2017.
  73. Web site: Čtvrtstoletí s ODS: Momenty vzestupu české pravice na vrchol i následného pádu. Aktuálně.cz. 21 April 2016. 19 March 2017. cs.
  74. Book: Simon. Jeffrey. NATO and the Czech and Slovak Republics. 2004. Rowman & Littlefield. Lanham, Maryland. 0-7425-2902-9. 69. 3 April 2017.
  75. Web site: Loga a barvy politických stran 3/4: ODS, KDU, SZ, Svobodní a další strany. IPM. 19 March 2017. cs. 28 January 2015.
  76. News: ODS představila nové logo se vzhůru letícím ptákem. Deník.cz. 19 March 2017. cs. 30 May 2015.
  77. Web site: Stanovy – O nás. Občanská demokratická strana. 30 June 2016. cs.
  78. Web site: Struktura ODS. Odsregionliberec.cz. 30 June 2016.
  79. Web site: Regiony – ODS – Občanská demokratická strana. Občanská demokratická strana. 30 June 2016. cs.
  80. Web site: Koutník. Ondřej. Vznik a vývoj politické strany Unie svobody v letech 1998–2004. Theses.cz. 8 February 2017.
  81. Web site: Stav členské základny. ODS.cz. 20 January 2017. https://web.archive.org/web/20070415062442/http://www.ods.cz/docs/dokumenty/clenska_zakladna-2003-10.pdf. 15 April 2007. dead.
  82. Web site: Miroslav Macek: Kdo konkrétně je za dluhy ODS odpovědný?. Parlamentní listy. 20 January 2017.
  83. Web site: Economia a.s.. Sjezd KDS souhlasil s integrací s ODS. Hospodářské noviny. 11 August 2017. cs. 20 November 1995.
  84. Web site: Factcheck politických diskuzí. Demagog.cz. 9 December 2017. cs.
  85. Web site: ODS mizí členové po stovkách. Novinky.cz. 3 April 2014 . 20 January 2017. cs.
  86. Web site: Trikolóra má už víc fanoušků než STAN a Piráti . Novinky.cz . 22 July 2019 . 25 July 2019.
  87. Web site: Martínek. Jan. Z ODS odešly čtyři tisíce členů. Novinky.cz. 18 April 2013 . 20 January 2017.
  88. Rieger. Lukáš . Počet členů stran včera a dnes . Čtrnáctideník . 15/2014 . 23 September 2014 . 30 June 2016.
  89. Web site: Vedení ODS mobilizuje členy, mají shánět nové partajníky. Novinky. 20 April 2016 . 30 June 2016. cs.
  90. Web site: ODS místní sdružení Šlapanice. Ods-slapanice.cz. 17 July 2017.
  91. Web site: Nábor členů a fundraising: weby stran zaspaly dobu. IPM. 17 July 2017. cs. 5 October 2015.
  92. Web site: ODS oslavila 25 let od svého založení. Spustila projekt Podporovatelé ODS a Tváře ODS. Občanská demokratická strana. 17 July 2017. cs.
  93. Book: Policy Analysis in the Czech Republic. 2016. University of Bristol. Bristol. 978-1-44731-814-9. 280–281.
  94. Web site: Mrklas. Ladislav. ODS a zahraniční partneři. CEVRO. 30 June 2016.
  95. Web site: Lev Doležal. Revue Proglas 4/2001 – Komentář: ODS mezi stagnací a růstem – CDK. old.cdk.cz. 30 June 2016.
  96. 192,946 votes which is 6.96% if counting only regions where ODS ran by itself.
  97. Web site: Volby do zastupitelstev krajů . volby.cz .
  98. Web site: Přehledně: Všechny kraje už mají vedení. Starostové a ODS získali čtyři hejtmany. Aktuálně.cz. 19 November 2020.
  99. Web site: Krajské volby 2016. iDnes.cz .