OR1D2 explained

Olfactory receptor 1D2 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the OR1D2 gene.^{[1] [2] [3]}

Olfactory receptors interact with odorant molecules in the nose, to initiate a neuronal response that triggers the perception of a smell. The olfactory receptor proteins are members of a large family of G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCR) arising from single coding-exon genes. Olfactory receptors share a 7-transmembrane domain structure with many neurotransmitter and hormone receptors and are responsible for the recognition and G protein-mediated transduction of odorant signals. The olfactory receptor gene family is the largest in the genome. The nomenclature assigned to the olfactory receptor genes and proteins for this organism is independent of other organisms.^[3]

Expression

As well as bring expressed in the olfactory epithelium of the human nose, OR1D2 is special in that it is also expressed in human spermatozoa, where it is involved in sperm chemotaxis.^[4]

Ligands

Bourgeonal is a reported ligand for OR1D2 that affects sperm chemotaxis.^[4]

Ligands include:^[4]

• Bourgeonal
• Canthoxal
• Cyclamal
• Floralazone
• Lilial
• Phenylacetaldehyde
• 3-phenylbutyraldehyde
• 3-phenylpropionaldehyde
• 4-phenylbutyraldehyde
• (p-tert-butylphenoxy)acetaldehyde

See also

• Olfactory receptor

Further reading

• Selbie LA, Townsend-Nicholson A, Iismaa TP, Shine J . Novel G protein-coupled receptors: a gene family of putative human olfactory receptor sequences. . Brain Res. Mol. Brain Res. . 13 . 1–2 . 159–63 . 1992 . 1315913 . 10.1016/0169-328X(92)90057-I .
• Ben-Arie N, Lancet D, Taylor C, etal . Olfactory receptor gene cluster on human chromosome 17: possible duplication of an ancestral receptor repertoire . Hum. Mol. Genet. . 3 . 2 . 229–35 . 1994 . 8004088 . 10.1093/hmg/3.2.229 .
• Schurmans S, Muscatelli F, Miot F, etal . The OLFR1 gene encoding the HGMP07E putative olfactory receptor maps to the 17p13→p12 region of the human genome and reveals an MspI restriction fragment length polymorphism . Cytogenet. Cell Genet. . 63 . 3 . 200–4 . 1993 . 8097991 . 10.1159/000133534 .
• Nekrasova E, Sosinskaya A, Natochin M, etal . Overexpression, solubilization and purification of rat and human olfactory receptors . Eur. J. Biochem. . 238 . 1 . 28–37 . 1996 . 8665947 . 10.1111/j.1432-1033.1996.0028q.x . free .
• Glusman G, Sosinsky A, Ben-Asher E, etal . Sequence, structure, and evolution of a complete human olfactory receptor gene cluster . Genomics . 63 . 2 . 227–45 . 2000 . 10673334 . 10.1006/geno.1999.6030 . 23416814 .
• Fuchs T, Malecova B, Linhart C, etal . DEFOG: a practical scheme for deciphering families of genes . Genomics . 80 . 3 . 295–302 . 2003 . 12213199 . 10.1006/geno.2002.6830 .
• Strausberg RL, Feingold EA, Grouse LH, etal . Generation and initial analysis of more than 15,000 full-length human and mouse cDNA sequences . Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. . 99 . 26 . 16899–903 . 2003 . 12477932 . 10.1073/pnas.242603899 . 139241 . 2002PNAS...9916899M . free .
• Spehr M, Gisselmann G, Poplawski A, etal . Identification of a testicular odorant receptor mediating human sperm chemotaxis . Science . 299 . 5615 . 2054–8 . 2003 . 12663925 . 10.1126/science.1080376 . 2003Sci...299.2054S . 45306091 .
• Malnic B, Godfrey PA, Buck LB . The human olfactory receptor gene family . Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. . 101 . 8 . 2584–9 . 2004 . 14983052 . 10.1073/pnas.0307882100 . 356993 . 2004PNAS..101.2584M . free .
• Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA, etal . The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC) . Genome Res. . 14 . 10B . 2121–7 . 2004 . 15489334 . 10.1101/gr.2596504 . 528928 .

Notes and References

1. Parmentier M, Libert F, Schurmans S, Schiffmann S, Lefort A, Eggerickx D, Ledent C, Mollereau C, Gerard C, Perret J. Expression of members of the putative olfactory receptor gene family in mammalian germ cells . Nature . 355 . 6359 . 453–5 . Mar 1992 . 1370859 . 10.1038/355453a0 . 1992Natur.355..453P . 43926 . etal.
2. Buck L, Axel R . A novel multigene family may encode odorant receptors: a molecular basis for odor recognition . Cell . 65 . 1 . 175–87 . May 1991 . 1840504 . 10.1016/0092-8674(91)90418-X . free .
3. Web site: Entrez Gene: OR1D2 olfactory receptor, family 1, subfamily D, member 2.
4. Spehr M, Gisselmann G, Poplawski A, Riffell JA, Wetzel CH, Zimmer RK, Hatt H . Identification of a testicular odorant receptor mediating human sperm chemotaxis . Science . 299 . 5615 . 2054–8 . March 2003 . 12663925 . 10.1126/science.1080376 . 2003Sci...299.2054S . 45306091 .