OAZ1 explained

Ornithine decarboxylase antizyme is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the OAZ1 gene.^{[1] [2] [3]}

Ornithine decarboxylase catalyzes the conversion of ornithine to putrescine in the first and apparently rate-limiting step in polyamine biosynthesis. The ornithine decarboxylase antizymes play a role in the regulation of polyamine synthesis by binding to and inhibiting ornithine decarboxylase. Antizyme expression is auto-regulated by polyamine-enhanced translational frameshifting. The antizyme encoded by this gene inhibits ornithine decarboxylase and accelerates its degradation.

Further reading

• Coffino P . Polyamines in spermiogenesis: not now, darling . Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. . 97 . 9 . 4421–4423 . 2000 . 10781034 . 10.1073/pnas.97.9.4421 . 34313 . 2000PNAS...97.4421C . free .
• Savage RE . Chloroform-induced multiple forms of ornithine decarboxylase: differential sensitivity of forms to enhancement by diethyl maleate and inhibition by ODC-antizyme . Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health . 27 . 1 . 57–64 . 1989 . 2724368 . 10.1080/15287398909531278 . vanc. Nofzinger K . Bedell C . 3 . Deangelo . Anthony . Pereira . Michael .
• Matsufuji S . Autoregulatory frameshifting in decoding mammalian ornithine decarboxylase antizyme . Cell . 80 . 1 . 51–60 . 1995 . 7813017 . 10.1016/0092-8674(95)90450-6 . vanc. Matsufuji T . Miyazaki Y . 3 . Murakami . Y . Atkins . JF . Gesteland . RF . Hayashi . S . 7133313 .
• Mamroud-Kidron E . A unified pathway for the degradation of ornithine decarboxylase in reticulocyte lysate requires interaction with the polyamine-induced protein, ornithine decarboxylase antizyme . Eur. J. Biochem. . 226 . 2 . 547–554 . 1995 . 8001569 . 10.1111/j.1432-1033.1994.tb20079.x . vanc. Omer-Itsicovich M . Bercovich Z . 3 . Tobias . Karin E. . Rom . Eran . Kahana . Chaim . free .
• Ichiba T . Functional regions of ornithine decarboxylase antizyme . Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. . 200 . 3 . 1721–1727 . 1994 . 8185631 . 10.1006/bbrc.1994.1651 . vanc. Matsufuji S . Miyazaki Y . 3 . Murakami . Y . Tanaka . K . Ichihara . A . Hayashi . S .
• Yang D . Molcecular cloning of human antizyme cDNA . Biochem. Mol. Biol. Int. . 38 . 5 . 957–64 . 1997 . 9132164 . vanc. Takii T . Hayashi H . 3 . Itoh . S . Hayashi . M . Onozaki . K .
• Hayashi T, Matsufuji S, Hayashi S . Characterization of the human antizyme gene . Gene . 203 . 2 . 131–139 . 1998 . 9426243 . 10.1016/S0378-1119(97)00504-0 .
• Zhu C, Lang DW, Coffino P . Antizyme2 is a negative regulator of ornithine decarboxylase and polyamine transport . J. Biol. Chem. . 274 . 37 . 26425–26430 . 1999 . 10473601 . 10.1074/jbc.274.37.26425 . free .
• Chen H, MacDonald A, Coffino P . Structural elements of antizymes 1 and 2 are required for proteasomal degradation of ornithine decarboxylase . J. Biol. Chem. . 277 . 48 . 45957–45961 . 2003 . 12359729 . 10.1074/jbc.M206799200 . free .
• Ike A . Structure and promoter activity of the gene encoding ornithine decarboxylase antizyme expressed exclusively in haploid germ cells in testis (OAZt/Oaz3) . Gene . 298 . 2 . 183–193 . 2003 . 12426106 . 10.1016/S0378-1119(02)00978-2 . vanc. Yamada S . Tanaka H . 3 . Nishimune . Y . Nozaki . M .
• Strausberg RL . Generation and initial analysis of more than 15,000 full-length human and mouse cDNA sequences . Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. . 99 . 26 . 16899–16903 . 2003 . 12477932 . 10.1073/pnas.242603899 . 139241 . vanc. Feingold EA . Grouse LH . 3 . Derge . JG . Klausner . RD . Collins . FS . Wagner . L . Shenmen . CM . Schuler . GD . 2002PNAS...9916899M . free .
• Grimwood J . The DNA sequence and biology of human chromosome 19 . Nature . 428 . 6982 . 529–535 . 2004 . 15057824 . 10.1038/nature02399 . vanc. Gordon LA . Olsen A . 3 . Terry . Astrid . Schmutz . Jeremy . Lamerdin . Jane . Hellsten . Uffe . Goodstein . David . Couronne . Olivier . 2004Natur.428..529G . free .
• Mangold U, Leberer E . Regulation of all members of the antizyme family by antizyme inhibitor . Biochem. J. . 385 . Pt 1 . 21–8 . 2005 . 15355308 . 10.1042/BJ20040547 . 1134669 .
• Choi KS . Stable siRNA-mediated silencing of antizyme inhibitor: regulation of ornithine decarboxylase activity . Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. . 328 . 1 . 206–212 . 2005 . 15670771 . 10.1016/j.bbrc.2004.11.172 . vanc. Suh YH . Kim WH . 3 . Lee . T . Jung . M .
• Ku M . OAZ regulates bone morphogenetic protein signaling through Smad6 activation . J. Biol. Chem. . 281 . 8 . 5277–5287 . 2006 . 16373339 . 10.1074/jbc.M510004200 . vanc. Howard S . Ni W . 3 . Lagna . G . Hata . A . free .
• Lim J . A protein-protein interaction network for human inherited ataxias and disorders of Purkinje cell degeneration . Cell . 125 . 4 . 801–814 . 2006 . 16713569 . 10.1016/j.cell.2006.03.032 . vanc. Hao T . Shaw C . 3 . Patel . Akash J. . Szabó . Gábor . Rual . Jean-François . Fisk . C. Joseph . Li . Ning . Smolyar . Alex . 13709685 . free .
• Tsuji T . Ornithine decarboxylase antizyme upregulates DNA-dependent protein kinase and enhances the nonhomologous end-joining repair of DNA double-strand breaks in human oral cancer cells . Biochemistry . 46 . 31 . 8920–8932 . 2007 . 17630775 . 10.1021/bi7000328 . vanc. Katsurano M . Ibaragi S . 3 . Shima . Kaori . Sasaki . Akira . Hu . Guo-fu .

Notes and References

1. Tewari DS, Qian Y, Thornton RD, Pieringer J, Taub R, Mochan E, Tewari M . Molecular cloning and sequencing of a human cDNA encoding ornithine decarboxylase antizyme . Biochim Biophys Acta . 1209 . 2 . 293–5 . Feb 1995 . 7811704 . 10.1016/0167-4838(94)90199-6.
2. Matsufuji S, Inazawa J, Hayashi T, Miyazaki Y, Ichiba T, Furusaka A, Matsufuji T, Atkins JF, Gesteland RF, Murakami Y, Hayashi S . Assignment of the human antizyme gene (OAZ) to chromosome 19p13.3 by fluorescence in situ hybridization . Genomics . 38 . 1 . 102–104 . Mar 1997 . 8954789 . 10.1006/geno.1996.0601 .
3. Web site: Entrez Gene: OAZ1 ornithine decarboxylase antizyme 1.