En language explained

En
Also Known As:Vietnamese: Tiếng Nùng Vẻn
Region:Việt Nam
States:Cả Tiểng (Cja Tjeng), Nội Thôn village, Hà Quảng district, Cao Bằng province.
Ethnicity:236 (2017)[1]
Speakers:200
Date:1998
Ref:e25
Familycolor:Tai–Kadai
Fam2:Kra
Fam3:YangBiao
Fam4:Buyang
Script:Unwritten[2]
Iso3:enc
Glotto:ennn1243
Glottorefname:En

En (autonym: aiɲ53 or 33ʔ,[3] also known as Nùng Vẻn) is a Kra language spoken in Vietnam. Before its discovery in 1998, En language was undistinguished from Nùng, which is a Central Tai language closely related to Zhuang. In the late 1990s, Vietnamese linguist Hoàng Văn Ma had first recognized that it was not a Tai language, ultimately leading to field work distinguishing En as a separate language. Researchers have determined En to be one of the Buyang languages.

The speakers of En live in northern Vietnam near the border with Jingxi County, Guangxi. In 1998, En speakers were found 12 km to the east of Hà Quảng city in Nội Thôn village, Hà Quảng District, Cao Bằng Province.

Phone

En has 6 tones:[4] pronounced as // ˥˦, ˨˦˧, ˧˧˨, ˧, ˨˩˨, ˧˨ // (/54, 243, 332, 33, 212, 32/).

Further reading

Notes and References

  1. https://nongnghiep.vn/ky-la-mot-toc-nguoi-noi-tieng-khong-giong-dan-toc-nao-d191298.html
  2. https://baocaobang.vn/An-so-kho-tram-tich-van-hoa-nguoi-Nung-Ven-duy-nhat-o-Cao-Bang-6479.html
  3. https://sti.vista.gov.vn/tw/Lists/TaiLieuKHCN/Attachments/351187/CVv281S092022031.pdf
  4. Li Jinfang [李锦芳]. 2006. Studies on endangered languages in the Southwest China [西南地区濒危语言调查研究]. Beijing: Minzu University. page 90.