Nudix hydrolase explained
| Symbol: | NUDIX |
| NUDIX |
| Pfam: | PF00293 |
| Pfam Clan: | CL0261 |
| Interpro: | IPR000086 |
| Symbol: | NUDIX-like |
| NUDIX-like |
| Pfam: | PF09296 |
| Pfam Clan: | CL0261 |
| Interpro: | IPR015375 |
| Scop: | 1vk6 |
NUDIX hydrolases are a superfamily of hydrolytic enzymes capable of cleaving nucleoside diphosphates linked to x (any moiety), hence their name.[1] [2] [3] [4] The reaction yields nucleoside monophosphate (NMP) plus X-P. Substrates hydrolysed by nudix enzymes comprise a wide range of organic pyrophosphates, including nucleoside di- and triphosphates, dinucleoside and diphosphoinositol polyphosphates, nucleotide sugars and RNA caps, with varying degrees of substrate specificity. Enzymes of the NUDIX superfamily are found in all types of organisms, including eukaryotes, bacteria and archaea.
There are two components to the NUDIX family: the so-called NUDIX fold of a beta sheet with alpha helices on each side and the NUDIX motif which contains catalytic and metal-binding amino acids. The Nudix motif is GXXXXXEXXXXXXXREUXEEXGU where U is isoleucine, leucine or valine, and X is any amino acid. This forms a short helix which (usually) contains the catalytic amino acids. NUDIX hydrolases include Dcp2 of the decapping complex, ADP-ribose diphosphatase, MutT, ADPRase, Ap4A hydrolases, RppH, and many others.[5]
Notes and References
- Bessman MJ, Frick DN, O'Handley SF . The MutT proteins or "Nudix" hydrolases, a family of versatile, widely distributed, "housecleaning" enzymes . J. Biol. Chem. . 271 . 41 . 25059–62 . October 1996 . 8810257 . 10.1074/jbc.271.41.25059. free.
- Mildvan AS, Xia Z, Azurmendi HF, etal . Structures and mechanisms of Nudix hydrolases . Arch. Biochem. Biophys. . 433 . 1 . 129–43 . January 2005 . 15581572 . 10.1016/j.abb.2004.08.017 .
- McLennan AG . The Nudix hydrolase superfamily . Cell. Mol. Life Sci. . 63 . 2 . 123–43 . January 2006 . 16378245 . 10.1007/s00018-005-5386-7 . 30202446 . free . 11136074 .
- Carreras-Puigvert. Jordi. Zitnik. Marinka. Jemth. Ann-Sofie. Carter. Megan. Unterlass. Judith E.. Hallström. Björn. Loseva. Olga. Karem. Zhir. Calderón-Montaño. José Manuel. Lindskog. Cecilia. Edqvist. Per-Henrik. 2017-11-16. A comprehensive structural, biochemical and biological profiling of the human NUDIX hydrolase family. Nature Communications. 8. 1. 1541. 10.1038/s41467-017-01642-w. 2041-1723. 5688067. 29142246. 2017NatCo...8.1541C .
- Mildvan . A.S. . Xia . Z. . Azurmendi . H.F. . Saraswat . V. . Legler . P.M. . Massiah . M.A. . Gabelli . S.B. . Bianchet . M.A. . Kang . L.W. . Amzel . L.M. . 2005 . Structures and mechanisms of Nudix hydrolases . Archives of Biochemistry and Biophysics . 15581572 . 433 . 1 . 129–143 . 10.1016/j.abb.2004.08.017 . 8 .
