| Naushehra | |
| Native Name Lang: | ur |
| Settlement Type: | Town |
| Pushpin Map: | Pakistan |
| Pushpin Map Caption: | Location in Pakistan |
| Subdivision Type: | Country |
| Subdivision Name: |  Pakistan |
| Subdivision Type1: | Region |
| Subdivision Name1: | Punjab Province |
| Subdivision Type2: | District |
| Subdivision Name2: | Khushab District |
| Subdivision Type3: | Tehsil |
| Population As Of: | Awan |
| Coordinates: | 32.5689°N 72.1531°W |
| Timezone: | PST |
| Utc Offset: | +5 |
Nowshera, (Punjabi and Urdu: {{Nastaliq|نَوشہره), is a city and Tehsil (administrative subdivisions) of Khushab District in the Punjab Province of Pakistan.[1] It is the main town (Heart) of Soon Valley. The town is situated 55km (34miles) from Khushab city, 62 kilometers from Talagang and 68km (42miles) from Kallar Kahar town in the heart of valley, surrounded by high hills, lakes, jungles, natural pools and ponds. It is also an area of ancient civilization, natural resources, and fertile farms. The general height of surrounding hills is around 2,500 feet above sea level, with several peaks reaching over 3,000 feet.
Awan are the major people inhabiting Naushera. H.A. Rose writes, "But in the best available account of the tribe, the Awans are indeed said to be of Arabian origin and descendants of Qutb Shah."[2] Sir Lepel H. Griffin writes in his book The Panjab Chiefs (1865 Edition) that: The head of the tribe or village in the Soon valley was known as Raees-Azam. The last Raees-Azam of Naushera was Qazi Mazhar Qayyum. With the growth of industrialization in the country and lack of development programs in the area and migration of people of Naushera towards big cities of the country and even foreign countries, the tribal solidarity is becoming weak. The process of industrialisation has been rapidly destroying the age-old customs and traditions of this ancient tribe and patriarchal society. The other sub branches and small tribes of Naushera are Latifal, Jurwal, Radhnal, Sheraal.
The Majority of the Population speaks Punjabi here. Being a tribe of Arab origin, the local people follows Islamic culture and traditions. Unlike the other parts of Punjab where most people, follow the Indian form of the marriage ceremony,[3] the marriages in Naushera are still arranged according to Islamic traditions and the wedding ceremony usually takes place at the mosques. Nikah is attended by close family members, relatives, and friends of groom and bride. Usually, the men and women are made to sit separately, in different rooms, or have a purdah (curtain) separating them. Luddi,a traditional Punjabi dance is famous folk dance on occasions of happiness. Also dhol and shehnai are famous musical instruments for celebrations.
In 1849 British took over the administration of Punjab and created Durand Line in 1893 making the area part of British India; earlier the area was part of Afghanistan. With the advent of the British Raj a new profession was opened for the local people. The Awans were classified to be "martial race".[4] The British recruited army heavily from Naushera for service in the colonial army, and as such, the Awans also formed an important part of the British Indian Army, serving with distinction during World Wars I and II. Of all the Muslim groups recruited by the British, proportionally, the Awans produced the largest number of recruits during the First and Second World Wars. Contemporary historians, namely Professor Ian Talbot and Professor Tan Tai Yong, have written works that cite the Awans (amongst other tribes) as being looked upon as a martial race by not only the British, but neighbouring tribes as well.
Sir Michael O'Dwyer, Lieutenant Governor of the Punjab joined the Indian service as Magistrate, Civil Judge, Superintendent of the Jail, and Treasury Officer. In 1885, he was posted first to Shahpur in Punjab. He wrote about the tribes of Salt Range:
After the Independence of Pakistan, the army of Pakistan also heavily recruited Awans from this area. Awans occupy the highest ranks of the Pakistani Army.[5] Brigadier Malik Nasir Ali Awan & Colonel Malik Liaqat Ali (S/O Malik Amir Ali), the late Lieutenant Colonel Qazi Iqbal Ahmad, late Lieutenant Colonel Qazi Iftikhar Ahmad, late Lieutenant Colonel Qazi Altaf Hussain, Late Major Qazi Zahoor ul Haq, Retired Major General Qazi Shafiq Ahmad, Major General Tariq Salim Malik and many other senior officers of Pakistan Army belonged to this town.
Naushera has produced families of qadis, Muslim jurists who used to live in the Mahalla Qazian Wala. The best known qazis of this family were Qazi Kalim Allah,[6] Qazi Mian Muhammad Amjad. Qazi Mian Ahmad, Qazi Mazhar Qayyum, Qazi Manzoor ul Haq, Qazi Zafar Hussain.
Qazi Mian Muhammad Amjad was born of the qadis family of Naushera, Soon Valley. He was a descendant of Ali Ibn Abi Talib, the fourth caliph of Islam from Al-Abbas ibn Ali. He was grandson of Qazi Kalim Allah, the Muslim qadi and jurist of Naushera in the time of Mughal emperors. He was a legal scholar of the Hanafi school of Islamic law. During the period of British government, he rendered legal opinions on Islamic laws and Fiqh.
Raees Azam Naushera, Qazi Mazhar Qayyum was the eldest son of Qazi Mian Muhammad Amjad, and was a well-known "Hakeem" (herbal medicine practitioner), of Soon Valley, and was regarded as an authority on this subject in his time. He died in 1952. He was buried in Naushera, Soon Valley
Qazi Manzoor ul Haq, Imam Abu Hanifa of Naushera was the second son of Qazi Mian Muhammad Amjad. He was known as Imam Abu Hanifa of Naushera. He was a scholar of Islamic law. In the age of British government when cases were decided according to English law, Muslims consulted him for his legal opinions on Islamic laws. He issued many "fatwas" like his father and was well known in the field Hanafi school of law. His son Dr. Mazafar ul Haq was the first of those Pakistanis who had a M.B.B.S. degree. He died in 1954 and was buried in Naushera.
Khan Sahib Qazi Zafar Hussain, was the third son of Qazi Mian Muhammad Amjad. In 1945, he was awarded by the title of Khan Sahib by the British Government in recognition of his services. He used his family and political influence to help the people of his area. He died in 1968. He was buried in Naushera, Soon Valley.