Notoreas mechanitis explained

Notoreas mechanitis is a species of moth in the family Geometridae. It is endemic to New Zealand.

Taxonomy

This species was first described in 1883 by Edward Meyrick using material collected by him at Arthur's Pass and Mount Hutt and named Pasithea mechanitis.[1] [2] In 1884 Meyrick went on to give a more detailed description of the species.[3] In 1886 Meyrick renamed the genus to which he had previously assigned this species and placed it within the genus Notoreas.[4]

George Hudson discussed and illustrated this species both in his 1898 book New Zealand Moths and Butterflies (Macro-lepidoptera) and in his 1928 book The Butterflies and Moths of New Zealand.[5] [6] The genus Notoreas was reviewed in 1986 by R. C. Craw and the placement of this species within it was confirmed.[7] However species within the genus Notoreas are currently regarded as being in need of revision.[8] The lectotype specimen is held at the Natural History Museum, London.[9]

Description

Meyrick described the species as follows:

Distribution

N. mechanitis is endemic to New Zealand.[10] Along with its type locality of Arthur's Pass, N. mechanitis has been found at Mount Arthur, Mount Hutt, Ben Lomond, the Hunter Mountains, at Shotover Saddle and Mount Eostre in Otago.[11]

Life cycle and behaviour

The female moth lays her eggs within the flower buds of their host plant. When the larvae emerge from their eggs, they eat into the leaves or buds of their host, hiding from predators. Once they are large enough, they emerge to feed from the fresh growth of the plant. N. mechanitis pupate in a loose cocoon on the ground under their host. N. mechanitis are day-flying moths.[12] They are low but fast flyers and constantly vibrate their wings to enable them to take off rapidly. Adults are on the wing between January and March.

Habitat and host species

This moth species prefers to live in grassy high alpine habitat. The host plants for the larvae of N. mechanitis are endemic species within the genus Kelleria and include Kelleria dieffenbachii.[13] The adults of this moth are also known to pollinate Kelleria dieffenbachii.

Notes and References

  1. Meyrick. E.. Edward Meyrick. 1883. Descriptions of New Zealand Microlepidoptera. New Zealand Journal of Science. 1. 526–531. Biodiversity Heritage Library.
  2. Web site: Notoreas mechanitis (Meyrick, 1883) . www.nzor.org.nz. Manaaki Whenua - Landcare Research . 12 December 2018.
  3. Meyrick. E.. Edward Meyrick. May 1884. A Monograph of the New Zealand Geometrina. Transactions and Proceedings of the New Zealand Institute. 16. 49–113. Biodiversity Heritage Library.
  4. Meyrick. E.. Edward Meyrick. 1886. Notes on Nomenclature of New Zealand. Transactions and Proceedings of the New Zealand Institute. 18. 184. Biodiversity Heritage Library.
  5. Book: New Zealand Moths and Butterflies (Macro-lepidoptera). Hudson. G. V. . 1898 . London . 72. 10.5962/bhl.title.32466. 727236768. George Hudson (entomologist). 12 December 2018. West, Newman & co..
  6. Book: Hudson, G. V.. The Butterflies and Moths of New Zealand. Ferguson & Osborn Ltd.. 1928 . Wellington. 124. 25449322. George Hudson (entomologist).
  7. Craw. R.C.. 5 January 2012. Review of the genus Notoreas (sensu auctorum) (Lepidoptera: Geometridae: Larentiinae). New Zealand Journal of Zoology . 13. 1. 131–140. 10.1080/03014223.1986.10422654. free.
  8. Web site: Larger moths of New Zealand: Image gallery and online guide. Hoare. R. J. B.. Rhode. B.E.. Emmerson. A.W.. 2011. Manaaki Whenua Landcare Research. 9 December 2018.
  9. Book: Dugdale, John S.. 23 September 1988. Lepidoptera - annotated catalogue, and keys to family-group taxa. Fauna of New Zealand. 14. 1–264. 978-0-477-02518-8. Manaaki Whenua - Landcare Research. 12 December 2018. 27 January 2019. https://web.archive.org/web/20190127012006/https://www.landcareresearch.co.nz/__data/assets/pdf_file/0003/49008/FNZ14Dugdale1988150.pdf. dead.
  10. 460.
  11. Mt Aspiring Station Conservation Resources Report Part 1 . November 2005. Department of Conservation . 1–62. 12 December 2018.
  12. Patrick . Brian . Autumn 2015 . Discovering New Zealand's gorgeous moths . Butterflies and Moths of New Zealand . New Zealand . Butterflies and Moths of New Zealand Trust . 13 . 4 May 2018 .
  13. Web site: Invertebrate herbivore biodiversity assessment - Notoreas mechanitis (Meyrick, 1883) . plant-synz.landcareresearch.co.nz. Manaaki Whenua - Landcare Research . 12 December 2018.

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