North Dakota's at-large congressional district explained

State:North Dakota
District Number:AL
Image Name:NDAtlarge.gif
Image Width:300
Representative:Kelly Armstrong
Party:Republican
Residence:Bismarck
English Area:68,976
Percent Urban:55.8
Percent Rural:44.2
Population:779,261[1]
Population Year:2022
Median Income:$71,970[2]
Percent White:81.7
Percent Native American:4.8
Percent Hispanic:4.3
Percent Black:3.4
Percent Asian:1.7
Percent More Than One Race:3.9
Percent Other Race:0.3
Cpvi:R+20[3]

North Dakota's at-large congressional district is the sole congressional district for the state of North Dakota. Based on size, it is the eighth largest congressional district in the nation.

The district is currently represented by Kelly Armstrong.

History

The district was first created when North Dakota achieved statehood on November 2, 1889, electing a single member. Following the 1900 United States census the state was allocated two seats, both of whom were elected from an at large district. Following the 1910 United States census a third seat was gained, with the legislature drawing three separate districts. The third district was eliminated after the 1930 United States census. After the third seat was lost, North Dakota returned to electing two members at-large (statewide).

Following the 1960 United States census two separate districts were created. In 1970, the second district was eliminated following the 1970 United States census and a single at-large district was created. Since 1972, North Dakota has retained a single congressional district.

List of members representing the district

1889–1913: one seat, then two

From 1889 to 1903, there was one seat, elected at-large statewide. In 1903 a second at-large seat was added, lasting until 1913.

DatesCong
ress		Member at-large Member at-large
MemberPartyElectoral historyMemberPartyElectoral history
nowrap March 4, 1889 –
November 1, 1889		First member seated on November 2, 1889Second seat added in 1903
nowrap November 2, 1889 –
March 3, 1891		align=left
Henry C. Hansbrough
RepublicanElected in 1889.
Lost renomination.
nowrap March 4, 1891 –
March 3, 1899		align=left
Martin N. Johnson
RepublicanElected in 1890.
Re-elected in 1892.
Re-elected in 1894.
Re-elected in 1896.
Retired to run for U.S. Senator.
nowrap March 4, 1899 –
March 3, 1901		align=left
Burleigh F. Spalding
RepublicanElected in 1898.
Retired.
nowrap March 4, 1901 –
March 3, 1903
Thomas F. Marshall
RepublicanElected in 1900.
Re-elected in 1902.
Re-elected in 1904.
Re-elected in 1906.
Retired to run for U.S. Senator.
nowrap March 4, 1903 –
March 3, 1905		align=left
Burleigh F. Spalding
RepublicanElected in 1902.
Lost renomination.
nowrap March 4, 1905 –
March 3, 1909
Asle Gronna
RepublicanElected in 1904.
Re-elected in 1906.
Re-elected in 1908.
Resigned after elected U.S. Senator.
nowrap March 4, 1909 –
February 11, 1911
Louis B. Hanna
RepublicanElected in 1908.
Re-elected in 1910.
Resigned when elected Governor of North Dakota.
nowrap February 11, 1911 –
March 3, 1911		Vacant
nowrap March 4, 1911 –
January 7, 1913
Henry T. Helgesen
RepublicanElected in 1910.
Redistricted to the .
nowrap January 7, 1913 –
March 3, 1913		Vacant

1913–1933: districts only

After the 1910 census, three seats were apportioned among districts: the,, and .

1933–1963: two seats

In 1933, following the 1930 census, the delegation was reduced to two seats and the districts were eliminated in favor of a pair of at-large districts, lasting until 1963.

DatesCong
ress		Member at-large Member at-large
MemberPartyElectoral historyMemberPartyElectoral history
nowrap March 4, 1933 –
January 3, 1935		align=left
James H. Sinclair
RepublicanRedistricted from the and re-elected in 1932.
Lost renomination.
William Lemke
Republican-NPLElected in 1932.
Re-elected in 1934.
Re-elected in 1936.
Re-elected in 1938.
Re-elected in 1940.
Re-elected in 1942.
Retired to run for U.S. Senator.
nowrap January 3, 1935 –
January 3, 1941
Usher L. Burdick
Republican-NPLElected in 1934.
Re-elected in 1936.
Re-elected in 1938.
Retired to run for U.S. Senator.
nowrap January 3, 1941 –
January 3, 1943		align=left Charles R. Robertson
RepublicanElected in 1940.
Lost renomination.
nowrap January 3, 1943 –
January 3, 1945
William Lemke
Republican-NPLElected in 1942.
Re-elected in 1944.
Re-elected in 1946.
Re-elected in 1948.
Died.
nowrap January 3, 1945 –
January 3, 1949		align=left Charles R. Robertson
RepublicanElected in 1944.
Re-elected in 1946.
Lost renomination.
nowrap January 3, 1949 –
May 30, 1950
Usher L. Burdick
Republican-NPLElected in 1948.
Re-elected in 1950.
Re-elected in 1952.
Re-elected in 1954.
Re-elected in 1956.
Retired.
nowrap May 31, 1950 –
January 3, 1951		Vacant
nowrap January 3, 1951 –
January 3, 1953		align=left Fred G. Aandahl
RepublicanElected in 1950.
Retired to run for U.S. Senator.
nowrap January 3, 1953 –
January 3, 1959		align=left
Otto Krueger
RepublicanElected in 1952.
Re-elected in 1954.
Re-elected in 1956.
Retired.
nowrap January 3, 1959 –
August 8, 1960		align=left
Quentin Burdick
Democratic–NPLElected in 1958.
Resigned when elected U.S. Senator.
Don L. Short
RepublicanElected in 1958.
Re-elected in 1960.
Redistricted to the .
nowrap August 9, 1960 –
January 3, 1961		Vacant
nowrap January 3, 1961 –
January 3, 1963		align=left
Hjalmar Nygaard
RepublicanElected in 1960.
Redistricted to the .

1963–1973: districts again

In 1963, following the 1960 census, the delegation was again split between geographic districts, the and .

1973–present: one seat

In 1973, following the 1970 census, the delegation was reduced to one seat, represented statewide by an at-large district.

MemberPartyYearsCong
ress		Electoral history
align=left
Mark Andrews
Republicannowrap January 3, 1973 –
January 3, 1981		Redistricted from the and re-elected in 1972.
Re-elected in 1974.
Re-elected in 1976.
Re-elected in 1978.
Retired to run for U.S. Senator.
align=left
Byron Dorgan
Democratic–NPLnowrap January 3, 1981 –
December 14, 1992		Elected in 1980.
Re-elected in 1982.
Re-elected in 1984.
Re-elected in 1986.
Re-elected in 1988.
Re-elected in 1990.
Retired to run for U.S. Senator, and resigned when appointed.
Vacantnowrap December 15, 1992 –
January 3, 1993
align=left
Earl Pomeroy
Democratic–NPLnowrap January 3, 1993 –
January 3, 2011		Elected in 1992.
Re-elected in 1994.
Re-elected in 1996.
Re-elected in 1998.
Re-elected in 2000.
Re-elected in 2002.
Re-elected in 2004.
Re-elected in 2006.
Re-elected in 2008.
Lost re-election.
align=left
Rick Berg
Republicannowrap January 3, 2011 –
January 3, 2013		Elected in 2010.
Retired to run for U.S. Senator.
align=left
Kevin Cramer
Republicannowrap January 3, 2013 –
January 3, 2019		Elected in 2012.
Re-elected in 2014.
Re-elected in 2016.
Retired to run for U.S. Senator.
align=left
Kelly Armstrong
Republicannowrap January 3, 2019 –
present		Elected in 2018.
Re-elected in 2020.
Re-elected in 2022.
Retiring at end of term to run for governor of North Dakota.

Recent statewide results

YearResultsParty
2000George W. Bush 61% – Al Gore 33%Republican
2004George W. Bush 63% – John Kerry 36%Republican
2008John McCain 53% – Barack Obama 45%Republican
2012Mitt Romney 59% – Barack Obama 39%Republican
2016Donald Trump 64% – Hillary Clinton 28%Republican
2020Donald Trump 66% – Joe Biden 32%Republican

Electoral history

Year (& Congress)CandidatePartyVotes%
October 1, 1889
 Henry C. HansbroughRepublicanalign=right 26,077align=right 68.4%
D. W. MarattaDemocraticalign=right 12,066align=right 31.6%
1890
 Martin N. JohnsonRepublicanalign=right 21,365align=right 59.0%
John D. BentonDemocraticalign=right 14,830align=right 41.0%
1892
 Martin N. JohnsonRepublicanalign=right 17,695align=right 48.9%
James F. O'BrienDemocraticalign=right 11,021align=right 30.5%
Hans A. FossIndependentalign=right 7,434align=right 20.6%
1894
 Martin N. JohnsonRepublicanalign=right 21,615align=right 55.4%
Walter MuirPopulistalign=right 15,660align=right 40.2%
Budd ReeveIndependentalign=right 1,283align=right 3.3%
Lathrop S. EllisProhibitionalign=right 439align=right 1.1%
1896
 Martin N. JohnsonRepublicanalign=right 25,233align=right 54.0%
John BurkeFusionalign=right 21,172align=right 45.3%
A. V. GarverProhibitionalign=right 349align=right 0.7%
1898
 Burleigh F. SpaldingRepublicanalign=right 27,766align=right 60.9%
H. M. CreelFusionalign=right 17,844align=right 39.1%
1900
 Thomas F. MarshallRepublicanalign=right 34,887align=right 61.0%
M. A. HildrethDemocraticalign=right 21,175align=right 37.0%
Charles H. MottProhibitionalign=right 585align=right 1.0%
J. C. CharestSocial Democraticalign=right 412align=right 0.7%
Martin S. BlairPopulistalign=right 122align=right 0.2%
1902
 Thomas F. MarshallRepublicanalign=right 32,986align=right rowspan=2 67.6%
Burleigh F. SpaldingRepublicanalign=right 32,854
Lars A. UelandDemocraticalign=right 14,765align=right rowspan=2 29.9%
Verner E. LovellDemocraticalign=right 14,392
Royal F. KingSocialistalign=right 1,195align=right 2.5%
1904
 Thomas F. MarshallRepublicanalign=right 49,111align=right rowspan=2 72.7%
Asle J. GronnaRepublicanalign=right 47,648
N. P. RasmussenDemocraticalign=right 15,622align=right rowspan=2 23.3%
A. G. BurrDemocraticalign=right 15,398
L. F. DowSocialistalign=right 1,734align=right rowspan=2 2.6%
E. D. HerringSocialistalign=right 1,697
B. H. TibbetsProhibitionalign=right 971align=right rowspan=2 1.5%
N. A. ColbyProhibitionalign=right 967%
1906
 Thomas F. MarshallRepublicanalign=right 38,923align=right rowspan=2 62.9%
Asle J. GronnaRepublicanalign=right 36,772
A. G. BurrDemocraticalign=right 21,350align=right rowspan=2 35.2%
John D. BentonDemocraticalign=right 21,050
Kittel HalvorsonSocialistalign=right 1,151align=right rowspan=2 1.9%
W. J. BaileySocialistalign=right 1,129
1908
 Asle J. GronnaRepublicanalign=right 57,357align=right rowspan=2 65.7%
Louis B. HannaRepublicanalign=right 55,610
Tobias D. CaseyDemocraticalign=right 29,426align=right rowspan=2 33.7%
O. G. MajorDemocraticalign=right 28,448
Francis CooperIndependentalign=right 591align=right 0.3%
E. D. HerringIndependentalign=right 533align=right 0.3%
1910
 Louis B. HannaRepublicanalign=right 51,556align=right rowspan=2 63.9%
Henry T. HelgesenRepublicanalign=right 50,600
Tobias D. CaseyDemocraticalign=right 25,880align=right rowspan=2 32.0%
M. A. HildrethDemocraticalign=right 25,322
Arthur HagendorfSocialistalign=right 3,225align=right rowspan=2 4.0%
N. H. BjornstadSocialistalign=right 3,179
1912–1930Districts used
Year (& Congress)CandidatePartyVotes%
1932
 James H. SinclairRepublicanalign=right 144,339align=right rowspan=2 65.7%
William LemkeRepublican–NPLalign=right 135,339
William D. LynchDemocraticalign=right 72,659align=right rowspan=2 33.9%
R. B. MurphyDemocraticalign=right 71,695
Pat J. BarrettIndependentalign=right 690align=right rowspan=2 0.3%
Ella Reeve BloorIndependentalign=right 678%
1934
 William LemkeRepublican–NPLalign=right 144,605align=right rowspan=2 49.9%
Usher L. BurdickRepublican–NPLalign=right 114,841
William D. LynchDemocraticalign=right 85,771align=right rowspan=2 31.8%
G. F. LambDemocraticalign=right 79,338
James H. SinclairProgressive Republicanalign=right 46,304align=right 17.8%
Jasper HaalandCommunistalign=right 1,299align=right rowspan=2 0.5%
Effie KjorstadCommunistalign=right 1,090
1936
 William LemkeRepublican–NPLalign=right 131,117align=right rowspan=2 54.1%
Usher L. BurdickRepublican–NPLalign=right 115,913
Henry HoltDemocraticalign=right 100,609align=right rowspan=2 41.7%
J. J. NygaardDemocraticalign=right 89,722
I. J. MoeIndependentalign=right 3,310align=right 1.4%
P. H. MillerIndependentalign=right 3,273align=right 1.4%
E. A. JohannsonIndependentalign=right 2,697align=right 1.2%
Jasper HaalandCommunistalign=right 540align=right rowspan=2 0.2%
W. D. WebsterCommunistalign=right 461
1938
 William LemkeRepublican–NPLalign=right 153,106align=right rowspan=2 72.3%
Usher L. BurdickRepublican–NPLalign=right 149,047
Howard I. HenryDemocraticalign=right 55,125align=right rowspan=2 23.9%
Alfred S. DaleDemocraticalign=right 44,691
J. B. FieldIndependentalign=right 8,109align=right 3.9%
1940
 Usher L. BurdickRepublican–NPLalign=right 148,227align=right rowspan=2 60.3%
Charles R. RobertsonRepublicanalign=right 111,125
R. J. DowneyDemocraticalign=right 63,662align=right rowspan=2 29.4%
Adolph MichelsonDemocraticalign=right 63,027
Thomas HallIndependentalign=right 23,399align=right rowspan=2 10.3%
John OmlandIndependentalign=right 20,845
1942
 Usher L. BurdickRepublican–NPLalign=right 85,936align=right rowspan=2 46.3%
William LemkeRepublican–NPLalign=right 65,905
Charles R. RobertsonIndependentalign=right 48,472align=right 29.5%
Halvor L. HalvorsonDemocraticalign=right 47,972align=right rowspan=2 24.2%
E. A. JohanssonDemocraticalign=right 31,547
1944
 William LemkeRepublican–NPLalign=right 101,007align=right rowspan=2 50.7%
Charles R. RobertsonRepublicanalign=right 91,425
Halvor L. HalvorsonDemocraticalign=right 56,699align=right rowspan=2 26.9%
J. R. KennedyDemocraticalign=right 45,308
Usher L. BurdickIndependent Ralign=right 39,888align=right 21.0%
George McClellanIndependent Ralign=right 3,135align=right rowspan=2 1.4%
A. C. TownleyIndependent R align=right 2,307
1946
 William LemkeRepublican–NPLalign=right 103,205align=right rowspan=2 74.3%
Charles R. RobertsonRepublicanalign=right 102,087
James M. HanleyDemocraticalign=right 41,189align=right rowspan=2 25.7%
Edwin CooperDemocraticalign=right 29,865
1948
 William LemkeRepublican–NPLalign=right 132,343align=right rowspan=2 69.0%
Usher L. BurdickRepublican–NPLalign=right 128,454
Alfred DaleDemocraticalign=right 56,702align=right 30.0%
John M. WeilerProgressivealign=right 1,758align=right 0.9%
1950
 Fred G. AandahlRepublicanalign=right 119,047align=right rowspan=2 70.7%
Usher L. BurdickRepublican–NPLalign=right 110,534
Ervin SchumacherDemocraticalign=right 62,322align=right rowspan=2 29.3%
E. A. JohanssonDemocraticalign=right 32,946
1952
 Usher L. BurdickRepublican–NPLalign=right 181,218align=right rowspan=2 77.2%
Otto KruegerRepublicanalign=right 156,829
Edward NesemeierDemocraticalign=right 49,829align=right 22.8%
align=left colspan=2Scattered votesalign=right 49align=right 0.0%
1954
 Usher L. BurdickRepublican–NPLalign=right 124,845align=right rowspan=2 67.1%
Otto KruegerRepublicanalign=right 106,341
P. W. LanierDemocraticalign=right 64,089align=right rowspan=2 32.9%
Raymond G. VendselDemocraticalign=right 49,183
1956
 Usher L. BurdickRepublican–NPLalign=right 143,514align=right rowspan=2 62.3%
Otto KruegerRepublicanalign=right 136,003
Agnes GeelanDemocratic–NPLalign=right 85,743align=right rowspan=2 37.7%
S. B. HockingDemocratic–NPLalign=right 83,284
1958
 Quentin BurdickDemocratic–NPLalign=right 99,562align=right 48.4%
Don L. ShortRepublicanalign=right 97,862align=right rowspan=2 51.6%
Orris G. NordhougenRepublicanalign=right 92,124
S. B. HockingDemocratic–NPLalign=right 78,889
1960
 Don L. ShortRepublicanalign=right 135,579align=right rowspan=2 53.3%
Hjalmar C. NygaardRepublicanalign=right 127,118
Raymond VendselDemocratic–NPLalign=right 120,773align=right rowspan=2 46.7%
Anson J. AndersonDemocratic–NPLalign=right 109,207
1962–1970Districts used
Year (& Congress)CandidatePartyVotes%
1972
 Mark AndrewsRepublicanalign=right 195,360align=right 72.7%
Richard IstaDemocratic–NPLalign=right 72,850align=right 27.1%
Kenneth C. Gardener Sr.Independentalign=right 511align=right 0.2%
1974
 Mark AndrewsRepublicanalign=right 130,184align=right 55.7%
Byron DorganDemocratic–NPLalign=right 103,504align=right 44.3%
1976
 Mark AndrewsRepublicanalign=right 181,018align=right 62.4%
Lloyd B. OmdahlDemocratic–NPLalign=right 104,263align=right 36.0%
Russell KleppeAmericanalign=right 4,600align=right 1.6%
1978
 Mark AndrewsRepublicanalign=right 147,712align=right 67.0%
Bruce F. HagenDemocratic–NPLalign=right 68,016align=right 30.9%
Harley J. McLainIndependentalign=right 3,197align=right 1.5%
Don J. KlingensmithProhibitionalign=right 1,389align=right 0.6%
1980
 Byron DorganDemocratic–NPLalign=right 166,437align=right 56.8%
Jim SmykowskiRepublicanalign=right 124,707align=right 42.6%
John LengenfelderIndependent[4] align=right 1,004align=right 0.3%
Torfin A. TeigenIndependentalign=right 928align=right 0.3%
1982
 Byron DorganDemocratic–NPLalign=right 186,534align=right 71.6%
Kent JonesRepublicanalign=right 72,241align=right 27.7%
Don J. KlingensmithProhibitionalign=right 1,724align=right 0.7%
1984
 Byron DorganDemocratic–NPLalign=right 242,968align=right 78.7%
Lois Ivers AltenburgRepublicanalign=right 65,761align=right 21.3%
1986
 Byron DorganDemocratic–NPLalign=right 216,258align=right 75.5%
Syver VinjeRepublicanalign=right 66,989align=right 23.4%
Gerald W. KoppIndependentalign=right 3,114align=right 1.1%
1988
 Byron DorganDemocratic–NPLalign=right 212,583align=right 70.9%
Steve SydnessRepublicanalign=right 84,475align=right 28.2%
Kris BrekkeLibertarianalign=right 2,924align=right 1.0%
1990
 Byron DorganDemocratic–NPLalign=right 152,530align=right 65.2%
Ed SchaferRepublicanalign=right 81,443align=right 34.8%
align=left colspan=2Otheralign=right 6align=right 0.0%
1992
 Earl PomeroyDemocratic–NPLalign=right 169,273align=right 56.8%
John T. KorsmoRepublicanalign=right 117,442align=right 39.4%
align=left colspan=2Otheralign=right 11,183align=right 3.8%
1994
 Earl PomeroyDemocratic–NPLalign=right 123,134align=right 52.3%
Gary PorterRepublicanalign=right 105,988align=right 45.0%
James GermalicIndependentalign=right 6,267align=right 2.7%
1996
 Earl PomeroyDemocratic–NPLalign=right 144,833align=right 55.1%
Kevin CramerRepublicanalign=right 113,684align=right 43.2%
Kenneth R. LougheadIndependentalign=right 4,493align=right 1.7%
1998
 Earl PomeroyDemocratic–NPLalign=right 119,668align=right 56.2%
Kevin CramerRepublicanalign=right 87,511align=right 41.1%
Kenneth R. LougheadIndependentalign=right 5,709align=right 2.7%
2000
 Earl PomeroyDemocratic–NPLalign=right 151,173align=right 52.9%
John DorsoRepublicanalign=right 127,251align=right 44.5%
Jan ShelverIndependentalign=right 4,731align=right 1.7%
Kenneth R. LougheadIndependentalign=right 2,481align=right 0.9%
align=left colspan=2Write-inalign=right 22align=right 0.0%
2002
 Earl PomeroyDemocratic–NPLalign=right 121,073align=right 52.4%
Rick ClayburghRepublicanalign=right 109,957align=right 47.6%
2004
 Earl PomeroyDemocratic–NPLalign=right 185,130align=right 59.6%
Duane SandRepublicanalign=right 125,684align=right 40.4%
2006
 Earl PomeroyDemocratic–NPLalign=right 142,934align=right 65.7%
Matt MechtelRepublicanalign=right 74,687align=right 34.3%
2008
 Earl PomeroyDemocratic–NPLalign=right 194,175align=right 62.1%
Duane SandRepublicanalign=right 118,519align=right 37.9%
2010
 Rick BergRepublicanalign=right 129,802align=right 54.7%
Earl PomeroyDemocratic–NPLalign=right 106,542align=right 44.9%
align=left colspan=2Write-inalign=right 793align=right 0.4%
2012
 Kevin CramerRepublicanalign=right 172,905align=right 55.0%
Pam GullesonDemocratic–NPLalign=right 131,396align=right 41.8%
Eric OlsonLibertarianalign=right 10,125align=right 3.2%
2014
 Kevin CramerRepublicanalign=right 138,100align=right 55.5%
George B. SinnerDemocratic–NPLalign=right 95,678align=right 38.5%
Robert J. "Jack" SeamanLibertarianalign=right 14,531align=right 5.8%
2016
 Kevin CramerRepublicanalign=right 233,980align=right 69.1%
Chase Iron EyesDemocratic–NPLalign=right 80,377align=right 23.8%
Robert J. "Jack" SeamanLibertarianalign=right 23,528align=right 7%
2018
 Kelly ArmstrongRepublicanalign=right 193,568align=right 60.2%
Mac SchneiderDemocratic–NPLalign=right 114,377align=right 35.6%
Charles TuttleIndependentalign=right 13,066align=right 4.1%
align=left colspan=2Write-inalign=right 521align=right 0.16%
2020
 Kelly ArmstrongRepublicanalign=right 245,229align=right 68.96%
Zach RaknerudDemocratic–NPLalign=right 97,970align=right 27.55%
Steven PetersonLibertarianalign=right 12,024align=right 3.38%
align=left colspan=2Write-inalign=right 375align=right 0.11%
2022
 Kelly ArmstrongRepublicanalign=right 148,399align=right 62.20%
Cara MundIndependentalign=right 89,644align=right 37.76%
align=left colspan=2Write-inalign=right 543align=right 0.23%
Year (& Congress)CandidatePartyVotes%

2022

References

Notes and References

  1. Web site: My Congressional District.
  2. Web site: My Congressional District.
  3. Web site: July 12, 2022 . 2022 Cook PVI: District Map and List. January 7, 2023. The Cook Political Report.
  4. John Lengenfelder described himself as "Academic Christian Freedom, Prolife-Family" when filing for election.

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